• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2002년도 학술대회지
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• pp.393-396
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• 2002

Submerged gas-injected system can be applied to various industrial field such as metallurgical and chemical processes, So this study aims at presenting the relevant relationship between gas phase and liquid phase in a gas-injected bath. In a cylinderical bath, local gas volume fraction and bubble frequency were measured by electroconductivity probe and oscilloscope. The temperature of each phase was measured using thermocouple and data acquisition system. In vertical gas injection system, gas-liquid two phase plume was formed, being symmetry to the axial direction of injection nozzle and in a shape of con. Lacal gas-liquid flow becomes irregular around the injection nozzle due to kinetic energy of gas and the flow variables show radical change at the vicinity of gas(air) injection nozzle As most of the kinetic energy of gas was transferred to liquid in this region, liquid started to circulate. In this reason, this region was defined as 'developing flow region' The Bubble was taking a form of churn flow at the vicinity of nozzle. Sometimes smaller bubbles formed by the collapse of bubbles were observed. The gas injected into liquid bath lost its kinetic energy and then was governed by the effect of buoyancy. In this region the bubbles which lost their kinetic energy move upward with relatively uniform velocity and separate. Near the gas nozzle, gas concentration was the highest. But it started to decrease as the axial distance increased, showing a Gaussian distribution.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.771-779
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• 1989

본 연구에서는 기판의 양면에 부품이 SMT방법으로 탑재되어 있는 경우에 기판사이에 형성되는 유동채널에서의 열전달 및 유동특성을 연구하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.789-799
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• 2004

An experimental study is conducted to investigate the effects of duct corrugation angle on heat/mass transfer characteristics in wavy ducts of a primary surface heat exchanger application. Local heat/mass transfer coefficients on the wavy duct sidewalls are determined by using a naphthalene sublimation technique. The corrugation angles(${\alpha}$) of the wavy ducts are 145$^{\circ}$, 130$^{\circ}$, 115$^{\circ}$ and 100$^{\circ}$. And the Reynolds numbers based on the duct hydraulic diameter vary from 300 to 3,000. The results show that at the low Re(Re $\leq$1000), the secondary vortices called Taylor-Gortler vortices perpendicular to the main flow direction are generated due to effect of duct curvature. By these secondary vortices, high heat/mass transfer regions are formed on both pressure-side and suction-side walls. At the high Re(Re $\geq$ 1000), these secondary flows are vanished with helping flow transition to turbulent flow and the regions which show high heat/mass coefficients by flow reattachment are formed on suction side. As corrugation angle decreases, the local peak Sh induced by Taylor-Gortler vortices increase at Re $\leq$1000. At high Re(Re $\geq$ 1000), by the existence of different kind of secondary flows called Dean vortices, non-uniform Sh distribution appears along spanwise direction at the narrow corrugation angle (${\alpha}$=100$^{\circ}$). Average Sh also increase by the enhanced effect of secondary vortices and flow reattachment. More pumping power (pressure loss) is required with the smaller corrugation angle due to the enhancement of flow instability.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.3336-3344
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 소규모 응집침전모듈의 개발 및 lab-scale 테스트를 통한 실증이다. 최근 하수처리율이 높아짐에 따라 비점오염원 관리에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있어 소규모 처리장치 개발의 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 본 연구의 응집침전모듈은 응집공정 이후 외부 영역에서 선회류를 통한 플럭(floc)의 추가 성장 및 미세 플럭 수의 감소, 내부 침전 영역에서 수직 수평류 복합침전방식을 통한 침전효율 증대로 효과적인 고액분리가 가능토록 하였다. 응집침전모듈은 수직 수평류 복합침전 방식을 통해 재래식침전조에 비해 같은 체적에서 침전면적 및 표면부하율을 4.4배 증가시킬 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 외부 및 내부 침전 영역에서의 선회류 형성 유지와 내부 침전영역에서의 균등한 유량분배를 본 공정의 중요한 설계인자로 선정하였고, 이의 도출을 위해 유체유동해석 모델인 FLUENT를 이용하였다. 선회류 유동경향 모사를 통해 유입속도, 외부조의 규격, 하부콘호퍼 깊이 등을 결정하였고 속도분포 및 유량분배 해석을 통해 유출공 직경과 개수, 유출홀 직경 등 내부 침전영역의 세부 규격을 도출하였다. $60{\ell}/hr$규모의 파일럿 테스트 결과 20분의 체류시간 동안(표면부하율은 $37.3m^3/m^2$일)탁도 300~800 NTU의 폐수를 고분자응집제 주입 없이 10 NTU 이하로 처리할 수 있었으며, 유체유동해석 모델을 활용한 설계인자 도출의 가능성을 확인하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.628-634
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• 2007

The present study investigated the heat/mass transfer characteristics in an equilateral triangular channel simulating the leading edge cooling passage in gas turbine blade. Using naphthalene sublimation method and pressure measurement experiments, local mass (heat) transfer and pressure coefficients were obtained. The experiments were conducted with three rotating numbers between 0.0 and 0.1; two channel orientations of $0^{\circ}$ (model A) and $30^{\circ}$ (model B); the fixed Reynolds number of 10,000. The results showed that the channel rotation caused the heat transfer discrepancy between suction and pressure sides. Due to the secondary flow induced by Coriolis force, the high heat transfer appeared on the pressure side. When the channel orientation was $30^{\circ}$ (model B), the secondary flow caused the more uniform heat transfer distribution among leading edge and inner wall on pressure side than that of the model A.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2003

Ceramic filter has been demonstrated as an attractive system to improve the thermal efficiency and to reduce the effluent pollutants. Removal of particulates from the hot gas stream is very important in air pollution control. In particular, the elimination of the particulate matters discharged from a gas turbine at high temperature can prevent the corrosion inside the IGCC. In this study, a Lab. scale test and numerical simulation were carried out to comprehend the relationship between pulse jet pressure and recovery of pressure drop and to characterize the reverse cleaning flow through a ceramic fil-ter element under high temperature and high pressure. When the pulse-jet pressures were 2, 3 and 4 kg/$ extrm{cm}^2$, the cleaning effect increase of about 10~30% by recovery of pressure drop caused by pulse pressure. Cleaning effect at 45$0^{\circ}C$ was greater than that at 55$0^{\circ}C$ or 650$^{\circ}$ for the same pulse pressure. According to the result of the present simulation, high pressure has been formed in terminal and central regions in our models and temperature distribution caused by pulse air is to be uniform comparatively on inner surface of filter.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.165-172
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• 2008

Urea-SCR, the selective catalytic reduction using urea as reducing agent, has been investigated for about 10 years in detail and today is a well established technique for deNOx of stationary diesel engines. In the case of the SCR-catalyst a non-uniform velocity and $NH_3$ profile will cause an inhomogeneous conversion of the reducing agent $NH_3$, resulting in a local breakthrough of $NH_3$ or increasing NOx emissions. Therefore, this work investigates the effect of flow and $NH_3$ non-uniformities on the deNOx performance and $NH_3$ slip in a Urea-SCR exhaust system. From the results of this study, it is found that flow and $NH_3$ distribution within SCR monolith is strongly related with deNOx performance of SCR catalyst. It is also found that multi-hole injector shows better $NH_3$ uniformity at the face of SCR monolith face than one hole injector.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.270-278
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• 2017

This paper describes development procedure and verification test results of a bi-propellant thruster using hydrogen peroxide and kerosene. The design thrust of the thruster is about 500 N and six swirl type coaxial injectors were used. The passage type manifolds were employed for the injector head to reduce the response time. The passage was designed to minimize stagnation points and recirculation region to ensure uniform flow distribution and sufficient cooling performance through flow analysis using Fluent. A catalytic igniter using hydrogen peroxide was installed at the center of the injector head. The propellant feeding and spray characteristics were confirmed by hydraulic tests. Combustion tests were performed on design and off-design points to analyze combustion characteristics under various mixture ratio conditions. The combustion test results show that combustion efficiency was over 95 % and chamber pressure fluctuation were less than 1.5 % under all test conditions.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2012

In this paper, we present the results of our studies on optimal die design towards development of a vacuum die casting process to fabricate fuel cell bipolar plate with micro-channel array. Cavity and overflow shape is designed by computational filling analysis of MAGMA soft. Optimal die design consists of seven overflows at the end of cavity and three overflows at each side wall of cavity. The molten metal that passed the gate and reached the side wall flowed into the side overflow, no turbulent flow occurred, and the filling behavior and velocity distribution were uniform. In addition, partially solidified molten metal passing through the channel was perfectly eliminated by overflow without back-flow. When vacuum pressure, injection speed of low and high region was 300 mbar, 0.3 m/s and 2.5 m/s respectively with Silafont 36 die casting alloy, sound sample without casting defects was obtained. The experimental results are nearly consistent with simulation results.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2016

In this study, the thermal and fluid dynamic characteristics for the coating process of large-sized water pipes was studied by heating the inside of a pipe directly with a gas burner. Heat and flow analyses were performed on large pipes with various inlet shapes. Using large pipes for coating was shown to be the proper shape for heating large pipes uniformly. This type has a screw with a diameter of 200 mm installed at the inlet to provide a rotational motion to the heating air. The rotational motion resulted in a uniform temperature distribution that ranged from $289.1^{\circ}C$ to $352.1^{\circ}C$ The optimized geometric configuration of the inlet of the pipe successfully and uniformly enhanced the thermal characteristics of the devised temperature limit.