• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.27-30
• /
• 2024

Several types of soft tissue masses occur in the lower extremities. A mass associated with blood vessels is often difficult to diagnose. A 15-year-old male patient visited the author's hospital with discomfort and edema in his right calf that had persisted for six months. A physical examination showed no palpable mass other than mild edema. Three masses were found during the ultrasound scan along the small saphenous vein. The masses had a cyst-like appearance and were filled with thrombus. In duplex ultrasound, vascular reflux was represented inside the masses. During surgery, it was suspected that vascular deformation occurred in the small saphenous vein, and simple ligation and resection treatments were performed. The patient was finally diagnosed with venous aneurysms accompanied by thrombosis based on the histology tests. The symptoms disappeared after surgery, and there were no recurrences or unusual findings at the follow-up one year later. Venous aneurysms occurring in the superficial veins of the lower extremities are rarely reported, but treatment and diagnosis are important. This paper reports a case of an aneurysm on the small saphenous vein.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.15-20
• /
• 2009

The results of crack evaluation by conventional UT(Ultrasonic Test)is highly depend on the inspector's experience or knowledge of ultrasound. Phased array UT system and its application methods for small crack length evaluation will be a good alternative method which overcome present UT weakness. This study was aimed at checking the accuracy of crack length evaluation method by electronic scanning and discuss about characteristics of electronic scanning for crack length evaluation. Especially ultrasonic phased array with electronic scan technique was used in carrying out both sizing and detect ability of crack as its length changes. The response of ultrasonic phased array was analyzed to obtain the special method of determining crack length without moving the transducer and detect-ability of crack minimal length and depth from the material. A method of crack length determining by electronic scanning for the small crack is very real method which has it's accuracy and verify the effectiveness of method compared to a conventional crack length determination.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.351-364
• /
• 2002

Conventional 3D ultrasound imaging using mechanical ID arrays suffers from poor elevation resolution due to the limited depth-of-focus (DOF). On the other hand, 3D imaging systems using 2D phased arrays have a large number of active channels and hence require a very expensive and bulky beamforming hardware. To overcome these limitations, a new real-time volumetric imaging method using curved 2-D arrays is presented, in which a small subaperture, consisting of 256 elements, moves across the array surface to scan a volume of interest. For this purpose, a 2-D curved array is designed which consists of 90$\times$46 elements with 1.5λ inter-element spacing and has the same view angles along both the lateral and elevation directions as those of a commercial mechanical 1-D array. In the proposed method, transmit and receive subapertures are constructed by cutting the four corners of a rectangular aperture to obtain a required image qualify with a small number of active channels. In addition the receive subaperture size is increased by using a sparse array scheme that uses every other elements in both directions. To suppress the grating lobes elevated due to the increase in clement spacing, fold-over array scheme is adopted in transmit, which doubles the effective size of a transmit aperture in each direction. Computer simulation results show that the proposed method can provide almost the same and greatly improved resolutions in the lateral and elevation directions, respectively compared with the conventional 3D imaging with a mechanical 1-D array.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.274-277
• /
• 2004

The heterotopic pancreas is defined as the presence of pancreatic tissue lacking anatomical and vascular continuity from the main body of pancreas. Its incidence has been reported as widely ranging from 0.55~13.7% in autopsy studies and 0.2% in upper abdominal laparotomies. The most common sites are the antrum of stomach, duodenum and proximal jejunum. But, lesions have also been found in the ileum, Meckel diverticulum, common bile duct and the esophagus. Most cases are incidentally encountered during surgery, and on rare occasions, epigastric pain, hemorrhage, gastric outlet obstruction and intussusception have been directly attributable to the presence of the heterotopic pancreas. A 3-month-old boy presented with 1-day history of vomiting and irritability. Intussusception was confirmed on ultrasound scan. At laparotomy there was an irreducible ileoileal intussusception, the intussuscepted portion of ileum was resected and end to end anastomosis was performed. Histologically, the mass was found to be composed of pancreatic tissue.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.48 no.1
• /
• pp.57-59
• /
• 2010

A 59-year-old Korean man complained of a painless scrotal hard nodule and weak urine stream. The ultrasound scan revealed a 2.2-cm sized round heteroechogenic nodule located in the extratesticular area. Microscopic hematuria was detected in routine laboratory examinations. On scrotal exploration, multiple spargana were incidentally found in the mass and along the left spermatic cord. On cystoscopy, a 10-mm sized mucosal elevation was found in the right side of the bladder dome. After transurethral resection of the covered mucosa, larval tapeworms were removed from inside of the nodule by forceps. Plerocercoids of Spirometra erinacei was confirmed morphologically and also by PCR-sequencing analysis from the extracted tissue of the urinary bladder. So far as the literature is concerned, this is the first worm (PCR)-proven case of sparganosis in the urinary bladder.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
• /
• spring
• /
• pp.373-378
• /
• 2004

하모니 영상은 초음파의 비선형 전파 과정에서 발생된 하모닉 성분을 영상화 한다. 하모닉 영상은 초음파에 비선형적으로 반응하는 초음파 조영제를 사용하여 하모닉 성분의 발생을 최대화 하고 있다. 일반적으로 현재 임상적으로 사용되는 하모닉 영상은 2차 고주파 성분을 사용한 것을 의미한다. 2차 하모닉 영상은 주파수의 상승으로 공간 분해능이 향상된다. 초음파 조영제를 이용하는 경우 서브 하모닉, 울트라 하모닉의 발생도 유의할 것으로 기대되지만 이에 대한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 서브 하모닉은 상대적으로 2차 하모닉보다 전파 과정에서 감쇠 효과가 작기 때문에 심부의 영상에 유리하다 서브 하모닉 및 울트라 하모닉 성분 검출은 초음파 변환기의 대역폭에 대한 제한을 2차 하모닉에 비해 상대적으로 덜 받는다. 본 연구에서는 진단용 초음파에 의해 초음파 조영제에서 방사하는 하모닉 성분의 크기를 시뮬레이션 하였다. 수치해석은 Gilmore Equation을 이용하였으며, 초음파 조영제의 탄성 효과는 무시하였다. 초음파 조영제의 크기와 초음파의 MI에 따라 하모닉 성분의 크기를 정량적으로 비교하고, 서브 및 울트라 하모닉 영상의 구현에 대해 토의하였다.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.467-475
• /
• 2016

Ultrasonic propagation imaging (UPI) has shown great potential for detection of impairments in complex structures and can be used in wide range of non-destructive evaluation and structural health monitoring applications. The software implementation of such algorithms showed a tendency in time-consumption with increment in scan area because the processor shares its resources with a number of programs running at the same time. This issue was addressed by using field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) that is a dedicated processing solution and used for high speed signal processing algorithms. For this purpose, we need an independent and flexible block of logic which can be used with continuously evolvable hardware based on FPGA. In this paper, we developed an FPGA-based ultrasonic propagation imaging system, where FPGA functions for both data acquisition system and real-time ultrasonic signal processing. The developed UPI system using FPGA board provides better cost-effectiveness and resolution than digitizers, and much faster signal processing time than CPU which was tested using basic ultrasonic propagation algorithms such as ultrasonic wave propagation imaging and multi-directional adjacent wave subtraction. Finally, a comparison of results for processing time between a CPU-based UPI system and the novel FPGA-based system were presented to justify the objective of this research.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.286-290
• /
• 2016

Inspissated bile syndrome (IBS) is a rare condition in which thick intraluminal bile, including bile plugs, sludge, or stones, blocks the extrahepatic bile ducts in an infant. A 5-week-old female infant was admitted for evaluation of jaundice and acholic stool. Diagnostic tests, including ultrasound sonography, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, and a hepatobiliary scan, were not conclusive. Although the diagnosis was unclear, the clinical and laboratory findings improved gradually on administration of urodeoxycholic acid and lipid emulsion containing omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for 3 weeks. However, a liver biopsy was suggestive of biliary atresia. This finding forced us to perform intraoperative cholangiography, which revealed a patent common bile duct with impacted thick bile. We performed normal saline irrigation and the symptom was improved, the final diagnosis was IBS. Thus, we herein report that IBS can be treated with omega-3 PUFAs as an alternative to surgical intervention.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.48 no.6
• /
• pp.660-664
• /
• 2005

Infantile hemangioendothelioma(IHE) of the liver is the most common vascular tumor in infants before the age of 6 months. It is a histologically benign tumor with potentially life-threatening complications. The clinical manifestations are variable, ranging from asymptomatic forms to intractable high-output heart failure. In addition, abdominal mass, intraperitoneal hemorrhage due to rupture of mass, respiratory distress, hematologic abnormalities and jaundice can occur. Diagnostic work-up is through doppler ultrasound sonography, computed tomography scan, magnetic resonance imaging and angiography. Treatment consists of medical treatment, interventional therapy, surgical resection and liver transplantation. We experienced symptomatic IHE in a premature neonate who presented with high output heart failure and respiratory distress. Initial medical treatment and steroid therapy failed to improve his condition. Coil embolization of left hepatic artery resulted in improvement of respiratory symptoms. However, a left lobectomy was performed because the mass size was not decreased with development of collateral vessels. The infant was well, after a successful discharge from the hospital.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.139-146
• /
• 1986

Pulsed ultrasonic Doppler system is a useful diagnostic instrument to measure blood-flow-velocity, velocity profile, and volume-blood-flow. This system is more powerful compare with 2-dimensional B-scan tissue image. A system has been deve- loped and ii being evaluated using TMS 32010 DSP. We use this DSP for the purpose of real-time spectrum analyzer to obtain spectrogram in singlegate pulsed Doppler system and for the serial comb filter to cancel clutter and zero crossing counter to estimate Doppler mean frequency in multigate pulsed Doppler system. The Doppler shift of the backscattered signals is sensed in a phase detector. This Doppler signal corresponds to the mean velocity over a some region in space defined by the ultrasonic beam dimensions, transmitted pulse duration, and transducer ban(iwidth. Multi- gate pulsed Doppler system enable the transcutaneous and simultaneous assessment of the velocities in a number of adjacent sample volumes as a continuous function of time. A multigate pulsed Doppler system processing the information originating from presented.