• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.172-193
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• 2015

Nowadays shoulder ultrasound is commonly used in the assessment of shoulder diseases and is as accurate as magnetic resonance imaging in the detection of several pathologies. Operator dependence is the main disadvantage of shoulder ultrasound. After adhering to a strict examination protocol, good knowledge of normal anatomy and pathologic processes and an awareness of common pitfalls, it can be used as a focused examination providing rapid, real-time diagnosis, and treatment by ultrasound-guided interventions in desired clinical situations. Also shoulder ultrasound can help the surgeon decide whether treatment will be surgical or nonsurgical. If arthroscopy is planned, sonographic findings help to counsel patients regarding surgical and functional outcomes. If a nonsurgical approach is indicated, ultrasound can be used to follow patients. This review article presents the examination techniques, the normal sonographic appearances and the main pathologic conditions found in shoulder ultrasound. And also addresses a simplified approach to scanning and ultrasound-guided intervention. Knowledge of optimal techniques, normal anatomy, dynamic maneuvers, and pathologic conditions is essential for optimal performance and interpretation of images.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2015

This study was retrospectively investigated the clinical features, diagnostic imaging, treatment, and prognosis of foreign bodies according to alimentary site and type of foreign body, in 143 dogs. Among 28 breeds, Maltese, Shih Tzu, and terriers including the Yorkshire terrier were presented with high prevalence. Bone was the most commonly identified (33%) foreign body regardless of alimentary site. Approximately 76% of foreign bodies were in the stomach and small intestine. All esophageal foreign bodies were diagnosed on survey radiography, with the most common location being the caudal thoracic esophageal segment. Further diagnostic examinations including ultrasonography or contrast studies were additionally performed to detect radiolucent foreign bodies and perforation or leakage in the stomach and intestine. However, most seeds could be identified based on the characteristic features such as hyperdense thin double lines and inner gas on survey radiography. In conclusion, complications such as peritonitis and intestinal perforation were mainly observed in cases with seeds and linear foreign bodies. Especially, fabric foreign bodies could be induce peritonitis and re-perforation with high prevalence after surgical correction.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.202-206
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• 2006

A 7-year-old, spayed female, Yorkshire terrier dog with polyuria/polydipsia (PU/PD), interdigital edema, pruritus and abdominal enlargement was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of the present university. Pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocortisim (PDH) was diagnosed by clinical signs, physical examination, laboratory examination (complete blood count, serum chemistry, urinalysis, ACTH stimulation test and high dose dexamethasone suppression test) and diagnostic imaging (radiography, ultrasonography and computed tomography). Clinical signs were improved after trilostane treatment, and maintenance therapy with trilostane still continued after successful induction therapy. Trilostane can be used as an alternative to mitotane therapy in hyperadrenocortisim in dogs.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.98-102
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• 2012

A 1.5-year-old male Golden Retriever was presented with worsening lameness of two month duration. Abnomral findings of blood works and serum chemistry included anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypercalcemia and hyperglobulinemia. Radiography revealed osteolysis of polyostotic regions including right femur and tibia, bilateral ilium, and spinous processes from the 13th thoracic vertebra to 5th lumbar vertebra. Enlarged multiple lymph nodes and mixed echo pattern of muscular region ventral to vertebra were observed with ultrasonography. Because concentrations of both parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone related peptide were all within reference ranges, humoral hypercalcemia by tumor was ruled out and extensive osteolysis was considered as the cause of hypercalcemia. Based on radiographic and ultrasonographic study, lymphoma, multiple myeloma and osteomyelitis were included in differential diagnosis. Fungal serologic test was negative. Monoclonal gammopathy was not found on serum protein electrophoresis. Cytological and histopathological examinations of the lytic lesions revealed neoplastic lymphoid proliferation, and B cell type clonal expansion was detected by polymerase chain reaction for the antigen receptor gene rearrangement. The case was diagnosed as B cell lymphoma involving polyostotic regions.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.67-80
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• 2013

Purpose : This study was to investigate effects of closed kinetic chain and open kinetic chain exercise on the lumbar stabilizarion. Methods : A total of 30 healthy over 20 years old college students(men = 14, women = 16) who were participated in this. We selected randomly people of CKC, OKC, and control group. For the past four weeks, CKC and OKC group worked out 3 times per week and then we compared within group and between groups on muscle width. Results : 1. The width of internal oblique, transverse abdominis, and multifidus were all significantly increased after four weeks exercise in the CKC group(P<.05). 2. The width of internal oblique, transverse abdominis, and multifidus were all increased after four weeks exercise in the OKC group but transverse abdominis musule only showed significant difference. 3. Difference values between pre-exercise and post-exercise of transverse abdominis and multifidus in the CKC group was significantly high and difference among the groups were significant. Conclusion : Accordingly, lumbar stabilizing exercise was more effective to increase a width of abdominal deep muscles through CKC exercise.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.290-297
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• 2009

A 5-year-old, castrated male Yorkshire Terrier with strabismus and exophthalmos of the right eye was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Chungnam National University. Radiography, ultrasonography(US), computed tomography(CT) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), demonstrated a well-circumscribed, locally calcified mass of the retrobulbar region with contiguous bone structures invaded. Surgical removal of the adnexa, globe, optic nerve and the incorporated orbital neoplasm was performed. Primary orbital meningioma was confirmed by histopathologic examination.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.207-210
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• 2017

Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease characterized by non-caseating granulomas of unknown origin. Of the fewer than 6% of sarcoidosis cases that occur in subcutaneous tissue, most occur on the face or forearm, but rarely in the toe. A 33-year-old man was admitted to our institute with a 2-cm mass on his chin and a 0.5-cm mass on his right fourth toe. Based on preoperative ultrasonography, epidermal cysts were suspected, and histopathological tests were performed after removing the masses. Histopathologically, the chin and toe tissue samples showed chronic granulomatous inflammation, without necrosis, indicative of sarcoidosis. Chest computed tomography revealed a large number of small nodules in both the interlobar fissures and the peribronchial area, and a large number of small lymph nodes in both the hilar and interlobar node areas. On the basis of the histopathologic and imaging findings, the patient was diagnosed with sarcoidosis. This very rare case of sarcoidosis, occurring in both chin and toe, suggests that thorough evaluation is needed to find other mass when we find sarcoidosis in facial area.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.309-315
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate five cases with chronic Achilles tendon rupture that occurred after steroid injections. Materials and Methods: In our hospital, we experienced five cases of chronic Achilles tendon rupture from September 2010 to March 2012. All patients had got steroid injection for Achilles tendinitis at the other hospitals, and their heel pain was aggravated when they visited our outpatient department. After treatment, signs and symptoms of Achilles tendon rupture were developed and the diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Surgical treatment was done for Achilles tendon rupture. Results: There was difference between intra-operative findings of Achilles tendon rupture and usual chronic Achilles tendon rupture. Unlike usual findings of chronic Achilles tendon rupture whose scar tissue or tissue attenuation are found around the defect area of Achilles tendon, there were partial necrosis of tendon severe adhesion with surrounding tissue, extensive defect and longitudinal rupture on ruptured area. Also, severe inflammation of paratenon, granulation and fibrinoid deposit were found on biopsy findings in four cases. Conclusion: Based on review of data about relative risk and benefit of local corticosteroid injection to inflammatory lesion in Achilles tendon, it requires more attention to Achilles tendon rupture following local corticosteroid injection.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.116-121
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• 2016

A 1.83 kg, 9-year-old, spayed female Yorkshire Terrier was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Konkuk University for evaluation of an intra-abdominal mass with a week history of vomiting and diarrhea. On physical examination, survey radiography, abdominal ultrasonography, and computed tomography, a huge firm mass was identified in the mid-caudal abdomen. Surgical exploration of the abdominal cavity was performed to remove the mass. The encapsulated mass adhered to the mesentery, tail of the spleen, small intestine, omentum, and right lobe of the pancreas was removed using blunt dissection with dry gauze and cotton swabs. Macroscopic and histopathological examination revealed that the mass was foreign-body granuloma consistent with gauze fiber. Plain abdominal radiography demonstrated no remarkable findings 8 months post-operatively. There was no evidence of vomiting, diarrhea, coughing, difficulty breathing, and cyanosis on exertion 13 months post-operatively.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.353-357
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• 2019

A two-year-old spayed female Persian cat demonstrated weight loss, anorexia, and vomiting for one week. Hematologic findings suggested chronic renal failure. Radiography and ultrasonography revealed severe bilateral renomegaly with hypoechoic nodules and subcapsular hypoechoic rim. Fine needle aspiration of the kidney revealed malignant lymphoma. The cat received in-hospital treatment for chronic renal failure for seven days, followed by chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone). The cat tolerated chemotherapy well and chronic kidney disease was alleviated. However, complete remission was not achieved. After 93 days of treatment, the cat exhibited anisocoria and mental dullness. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed hypertrophy and enhancement of cranial nerves. Chemotherapy was replaced with lomustine (10 mg orally), and two weeks later, cytosine arabinoside (50 mg/㎡ subcutaneously), twice daily for consecutive days. Five days after substitution chemotherapy, the patient showed anemia due to severe intestinal bleeding and died. Post-mortem examination and histopathologic analysis confirmed renal T-cell lymphoma with metastasis to the central nervous system, colon, and nasal cavity. Survival time was 117 days after the diagnosis of renal lymphoma.