• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.63-76
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• 2000

License system of radiologic technologists has been started since 1965 in Korea. This study is to explore directions on radiotechnologists' license system classified by subspecialty. For this purpose, the authors surveyed on radiotechnologists' license system classified by subspecialty, with the subject related to radiotechnologic societies. Additionally, data on qualification and license system associated with medical and health care field were collected. The results are as follows. 1. The main body for subspecialty system for radiologic technologists should be the Korea Radiologic Technologists Association and the Association should maintain a close cooperation with radiotechnologic societies. 2. A radiologic technologist should be a basic role once they pass the license examination. In addition, they can get a special qualification by subspecialty in radiologic technology. 3. Radiotechnologists' license system classified by subspecialty will be keep priorities in order and done systematically. Execution order is as follows ; This study proposes that radiotechnologists responsible for ultrasonography, computed tomography(CT), magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and security management be started for the first stage. For the second stage, radiotechnologists for mammography, angio-cardiography, digital imaging, maxillo-facial and dental radiography, nuclear medicine, radio-therapeutic field should be in force. 4. Professional education course(basic and intensive) and clinical training program have to be made for the eligibility of radiotechnologists' license system classified by subspecialty. 5. Eligibility system of radiotechnologists' license system classified by subspecialty(non-government or government) has to be made. Further more, inquiry commission to investigate eligibility for radiotechnologists' license system should be established.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.7-17
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• 2004

This study describes an evaluation of the sonographic, cholangiographic, pathological, and immunological findings, and the protective effect shown by rats reinfected with Clonorchis sinensis. Eight experimental rat groups were, namely, a normal control, a primary infection control, a reinfection I (reinfection 7 week after treatment following 3-week infection), a reinfection II (reinfection 2 week after treatment following 8-week infection), a reinfection III (exploration of the intrahepatic bile ducts 1 week after reinfection 4 week after treatment following 4-week infection), a superinfection, a secondary infection control, and an infection following immunization group. Sonographic and cholangiographic findings showed moderate or marked dilatation of the bile duct confluence in the primary infection control, reinfection II, and secondary infection control groups. Juvenile worms survived in the intrahepatic bile ducts 1 week after reinfection following treatment in the reinfection III group. It was concluded that reinfecting juvenile worms found during the first week following reinfection failed to survive or grow further. Anatomical, pathophysiological, or immunological changes may induce protection from reinfection in rats.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.161-165
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• 2018

Purpose: To evaluate the usefulness of shear wave elastography in the diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial diseases. Materials and Methods: Ten patients with oral and maxillofacial diseases and 28 volunteers drawn from our student doctors were examined by shear wave elastography with a 14-MHz linear transducer using an Aplio 300 apparatus (Canon Medical Systems, Otawara, Japan). A statistical analysis of the shear elastic modulus(kPa) of healthy tissue (the sublingual gland, submandibular gland, anterior belly of the digastric muscle, and geniohyoid muscle) in the 28 volunteers was performed using 1-way repeated measures analysis of variance with the Tukey honest significant difference test. The maximum shear elastic modulus(kPa) of 8 patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 2 patients with benign lesions was evaluated with the Mann-Whitney U test. The analysis used a 5% significance level. Results: The mean shear elastic modulus of the sublingual gland ($9.4{\pm}3.7kPa$) was lower than that of the geniohyoid muscle ($19.2{\pm}9.2kPa$, P=.000) and the anterior belly of the digastric muscle ($15.3{\pm}6.1kPa$, P=.004). The maximum shear elastic modulus of the SCCs($109.6{\pm}14.4kPa$) was higher than that of the benign lesions($46.4{\pm}26.8kPa$, P=.044). Conclusion: Our results demonstrated the usefulness of shear wave elastography in the diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial diseases. Shear wave elastography has the potential to be an effective technique for the objective and quantitative diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial diseases.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.38-43
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• 2015

Objective: To investigate and compare the size of the rectus femoris (RF), tibialis anterior (TA), and medial gastrocnemius (GMM) using ultrasound (US) imaging in young, elderly, and very elderly groups. Design: Cross sectional study. Methods: This study consisted of 25 young (age 20 years), 24 elderly (age 65-74 years), and 25 very elderly (age 75-90 years) people with no physical dysfunctions. The cross sectional area (CSAs) of the RF and muscle thickness of the TA and GMM were measured at rest and during contraction using an US system. Results: The CSA of the RF and thickness of the TA and GMM were significantly smaller in the elderly and very elderly groups than in the young group (p<0.05). There was a significant difference of the CSA of the RF at rest and during contraction between elderly and very elderly group (p<0.05). In the comparison of the TA and GMM thickness between elderly and very elderly groups, there were no significant differences except for the TA thickness during contraction. There was a significant difference in the percentage change in RF CSA among the three groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: Our results revealed loss of muscle mass in the RF, TA, and GMM in elderly and very elderly people (${\geq}65$ years old). In particular, the greatest age-related decline in muscle mass was observed for the RF. Furthermore, the CSA of the RF declined with aging in the very elderly groups (${\geq}75$ years old).

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2020

Background: Bridging exercises are used to enhance the functional stability of the lumbopelvic region in clinical settings. Although most of the studies on bridging exercises have compared the complete activation of the trunk muscles, some recent studies have examined the functional stability of the trunk and the lumbopelvic region and assessed the appropriate recruitment of the local and global muscles during different task levels. Objects: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in muscle thickness in the transverse abdominis (TrA), internal oblique (IO), and external oblique (EO) muscles during a common bridging exercise on an unstable surface and to determine whether these changes differ based on the surface used. Methods: Twenty-five healthy young adults (8 males, 17 females) were recruited. The subjects were randomly assigned to either the exercise progression with a sling bridge group or the ball bridging exercise progression group, each with three stages of increasing difficulty. Each position was measured three times with an ultrasonic diagnostic imaging system, and the mean values were recorded for analysis. Results: No significant differences were observed between the TrA, IO, or EO muscle thickness ratios between the sling and ball exercise groups (p > 0.05). There were also no significant differences in the EO muscle thickness ratios between the tasks irrespective of whether the sling or ball was used. However, the TrA and IO thickness ratios in both groups were significantly greater during stages 2 and 3 compared to stage 1. Conclusion: The results suggest that the use of slings and balls during bridging exercises is effective in activating the deep abdominal muscles.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.201-210
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• 2015

생명과학 또는 의학 연구에서는 반복 측정된 변수들 간의 상관 관계를 보고자 하는 경우가 발생한다. 반복 측정된 것을 고려하지 않으면 상관관계를 과소 추정하는 경향이 나타나므로 이를 고려해야 하며, 선형혼합모형의 분산-공분산 행렬을 이용하여 상관관계를 추정할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 변수들의 반복 측정이 동시에 된 경우와 그렇지 않은 경우로 나누어 혼합모형을 이용한 상관계수의 추정방법을 소개한다. 고속 음향 복사력 임펄스 영상(acoustic radiation force impulse imaging; ARFI)으로 간과 비장에서 각각 세 번씩 전단파 속도를 반복 측정하고 복부 초음파 검사로 비장 길이를 측정한 자료에서 전단파 속도와 비장 길이 간의 상관 관계를 분석하기 위해 본 논문에서 소개한 방법들을 적용하였고 SAS의 PROC MIXED를 이용하는 방법을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.22-28
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• 2016

Background: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) with selective shunting is the surgical method currently used to treat patients with carotid artery disease. We evaluated the incidence of major postoperative complications in patients who underwent CEA with selective shunting under transcranial Doppler (TCD) at our institution. Methods: The records of 45 patients who underwent CEA with TCD-based selective shunting under general anesthesia from November 2009 to June 2015 were reviewed. The risk factors for postoperative complications were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Preoperative atrial fibrillation was observed in three patients. Plaque ulceration was detected in 10 patients (22.2%) by preoperative computed tomography imaging. High-level stenosis was observed in 16 patients (35.5%), and 18 patients had contralateral stenosis. Twenty patients (44.4%) required shunt placement due to reduced TCD flow or a poor temporal window. The 30-day mortality rate was 2.2%. No cases of major stroke were observed in the 30 days after surgery, but four cases of minor stroke were noted. Univariate analysis showed that preoperative atrial fibrillation (odds ratio [OR], 40; p=0.018) and ex-smoker status (OR, 17.5; p=0.021) were statistically significant risk factors for a minor stroke in the 30-day postoperative period. Analogously, multivariate analysis also found that atrial fibrillation (p<0.001) and ex-smoker status (p=0.002) were significant risk factors for a minor stroke in the 30-day postoperative period. No variables were identified as risk factors for 30-day major stroke or death. No wound complications were found, although one (2.2%) of the patients suffered from a hypoglossal nerve injury. Conclusion: TCD-based CEA is a safe and reliable method to treat patients with carotid artery disease. Preoperative atrial fibrillation and ex-smoker status were found to increase the postoperative risk of a small embolism leading to a minor neurologic deficit.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.251-254
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• 2007

10년령의 중성화되지 않은 암컷 요크셔테리어가 심한 복부확장과 출혈성 삼출물에 대한 평가를 위해 내원하였다. 복부 방사선과 초음파 검사상에서 삼출물과 무에코의 낭성 구성물 들을 지닌 복강 내 종괴가 확인되었다. 복수의 세포검사에서 공포화된 세포질을 지닌 종양성 외피 세포들과 현저한 핵들이 관찰되었다. 자기공명영상에서는 잘 분획되고, 이질성의 큰 종괴가 복강 내를 채우고 있었다. 부검 상에서는 우측 난소로부터 유래한 큰 종괴가 관찰되었다. 조직병리학적 검사에서는 종양성 외피세포들로 이루어진 유두모양 구조들로 종괴가 구성되어있는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 환견은 임상 및 조직병리학적 소견들에 근거하여 유두모양의 악성 난소 샘암종으로 최종 진단되었다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.186-193
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• 2021

Background: While the formal test has been used to provide a quantitative measurement of core stability, studies have reported inconsistent results regarding its test-retest and intraobserver reliabilities. Furthermore, the validity of the formal test has never been established. Objects: This study aimed to establish the concurrent validity and test-retest reliability of the formal test. Methods: Twenty-two young adults with and without core instability (23.1 ± 2.0 years) were recruited. Concurrent validity was determined by comparing the muscle thickness changes of the external oblique, internal oblique, and transverse abdominal muscle to changes in core stability pressure during the formal test using ultrasound (US) imaging and pressure biofeedback, respectively. For the test-retest reliability, muscle thickness and pressure changes were repeatedly measured approximately 24 hours apart. Electromyography (EMG) was used to monitor trunk muscle activity during the formal test. Results: The Pearson's correlation analysis showed an excellent correlation between transverse abdominal thickness and pressure biofeedback unit (PBU) pressure as well as internal oblique thickness and PBU pressure, ranging from r = 0.856-0.980, p < 0.05. The test-retest reliability was good, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC1,2) = 0.876 for the core stability pressure measure and ICC1,2 = 0.939 to 0.989 for the abdominal muscle thickness measure. Conclusion: Our results provide clinical evidence that the formal test is valid and reliable, when concurrently incorporated into EMG and US measurements.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제79권6호
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• pp.348-353
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• 2018

간의 가성 림프종은 비종양성 림프구의 절 외 과다증식에 의해 형성되는 드문 양성 종양이다. 검색한 바에 따르면 현재까지 영문으로 46예가 보고되었다. 우리는 75세 여자환자에서 과혈관성 종양으로 오인된 간의 가성 림프종 증례를 보고하고자 한다. 조직검사상 직장의 신경내분비 암종이 진단된 후 시행한 조영증강 전산화단층촬영에서 1.0 cm 크기의 경계가 불분명하고 낮은 감쇄를 보이는 결절이 간에 관찰되었다. 자기공명영상에서는 동맥 조영기에 조영 증강을 보이고, 20분 지연기 조영 영상에서 저신호 강도를 보이며, 확산강조영상에서 고신호 강도를 보였다. Fluorodeoxyglucose (이하 FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT에서는 FDG의 섭취 증가를 보였다. 초음파에서는 저에코성 병변으로 관찰되었고, 초음파 유도 하 조직검사를 통하여 간의 가성 림프종으로 확진 되었다.