• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.953-958
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• 2007

In this paper, multilayer actuator structured-ultrasonic nozzle and resonant inverter driving circuit were manufactured, respectively. Its electrical properties were investigated. Multilayer actuator structured ultrasonic nozzle was fabricated using PMN-PNN-PZT ceramics showing excellent piezoelectric characteristics. In order to drive ultrasonic nozzle, resonant PWM inverter was used. The purpose of this study is to find the optimal driving condition of ultrasonic nozzle. Accordingly, electrical and temperature characteristic of multilayer ultrasonic driving system were investigated by experiments as a function of the series resonance inductance. The driving current of ultrasonic nozzle showed the maximum current of 27 mA. Also, the surface temperature of ceramic vibrator showed $44^{\circ}C$ at driving time for 20 min. The ultrasonic nozzle was stably operated in the case of driving for more than 20 min.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2007년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.8
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• pp.272-273
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• 2007

In this paper, ultrasonic nozzle and driving circuit were manufactured, respectively. And then, their electrical properties. were investigated. Ultrasonic nozzle was fabricated using PSN-PMN-PZT ceramics showing excellent piezoelectric characteristics. In order to drive ultrasonic nozzle, PWM controller(KA3525A) was used. The purpose of this study is to find the optimal driving condition of ultrasonic. nozzle. Accordingly electrical and temperature characteristic of ultrasonic driving system were investigated as a function of the input voltage.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.160-170
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• 1997

The objective of this study is to investigate the atomization characteristics and the performance characteristics of a C. I. engine by using the changes of the injection nozzle type and the ultrasonic-energy-added system. In order to evaluate the effect of ultrasonic energy and of change of injection nozzle type in the performance characte- ristics of a diesel engine, measurements of droplet size of diesel fuel were carried out by using Malvern system. In all types of injection nozzles, SMD of the ultrasonic- energy -added diesel fuel was smaller than that of the conventional diesel fuel and the more injection pressure increased, the more SMD decreased. There was a small increase in SMD with the distance from injection nozzle under all conditions of the injection nozzle types. The minimum SMD was found in the injection nozzle of B type. In the diesel engine test, there were three results about the engine performance. Compared with the injection nozzle of A type, B type had excellent effects in the engine performance. The most excellent effects about the engine performance were obtained in the case of ultrasonic-energy-added diesel fuel. In addition, the torque diagram in the case of ultrasonic-energy-added diesel fuel was more stable and periodical than others.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2003

The objective of this study is to compare atomization characteristics for differently made an ultrasonic twin-fluid nozzle. A spray system, an ultrasonic system, and three different type(Nozzle type, Tube type. Conventional type)are made and compared experimental and numerical results. In this investigation, the measurement and numerical analysis of spray droplet are to analyze the effects of ultrasonic energy on the agricultural atomization spray system in order to protection of dispersion droplets. It is clarified that ultrasonic energy forcing into a nozzle is valid to obtain atomization enchancement. As the result of comparing the experimental and numerical result, it is confirmed that nozzle type is highest efficiency than that of tube type and conventional type, also well fit, respectively.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2003

The objective of this study is to investigate experimentally atomization characteristics for differently made an ultrasonic twin-fluid nozzle. A spray system, an ultrasonic system, and three different type(Nozzle type, Tube type, Conventional type)are made and tested by applied with ultrasonic energy. In this investigation, the measurement and calculation of spray droplet are to analyze the effects of ultrasonic energy on the agricultural atomization system. Through the measurement of suray angle, spray column using, high speed camera and PDA, it is found that nozzle type is highest efficiency than that of tube type and conventional type. It was found that the ultrasonic energy increased the atomization efficiency of spray droplets about 9% respectively and spray angle was wide spray.

• 오토저널
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.26-35
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• 1990

This is an experimental study to investigate the characteristics of Diesel spray and Diesel engine performance using ultrasonic injection nozzle (A, B type) and conventional commercial injection nozzle (C type). The results are obtained as follows: 1. SMD and range of size distribution of Diesel spray using the ultrasonic nozzle are smaller than those using the conventional injection nozzle, and spray angle is spread. 2. Because of the difference of the ultrasonic vibration energy transfer in the same condition, the effects of A-type ultrasonic vibration are larger than those of B-type ultrasonic vibration. 3. Attaching the ultrasonic vibrator to the conventional injection nozzle of the Diesel engine, engine performances i.e. BMEP, BSFC, and cylinder peak pressure are improved.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.405-410
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• 2009

The conventional ultrasonic nozzle produces a mist by applying an ultrasonic vibration into a non-flowering liquid. In this paper, we first present a novel designed nozzle type sprayer that is able to apply an ultrasonic vibration directly to the moving liquid and generate a mist instantly. For the novel nozzle, a ring-type actuator of the novel nozzle was designed and built using the PZW-PMN-PZT ceramics. This paper will describe a variety of physical, mechanical, and electrical characteristics of the ultrasonic nozzle. The characteristics of the mist particles was also measured as the amount of the outflow liquid was varied.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.200-203
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• 2000

The application of the ultrasonic nozzle has been extended because it is possible atomization of liquid material. In this study, the characteristics of the ultrasonic nozzle and ceramic oscillator were investigated. The oscillator for the ultrasonic nozzle were made piezoelectric ceramic of Pb[($Sb_{1/2}$ $Nb_{1/2}$)$_{0.035}$-($Mn_{1/3}$$Nb_{2/3}$)$_{0.065}$-($Zr_{0.49}$$Ti_{0.51}$)$_{0.90}$]$O_3$. The electromechanical coupling factor($k_p$) and mechanical quality factor(Qm) showed the values of 0.555, 1, 214 respectively when the Zr/Ti ratio was 49/51. Moreover, this oscillator will have the temperature stability because it's curie temperature is 322[$^{\circ}C$]. The driving current of ultrasonic nozzle showed the value of 80[mA] when the driving time was lO[min.]. Also, The surface temperature of ceramic oscillator showed 80[$^{\circ}C$] at driving time lO[min.] We knew that the ultrasonic nozzle had stabile driving above 10[min.].

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.52-58
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• 2005

국내 정수장의 약품공정을 향상시켜 저비용 고효율의 정수처리 공정을 확립할 목적으로 약품 분사용 초음파 분사 노즐의 적용가능성을 평가하였다. 초음파 분사노즐은 압전세라믹스를 이용하여 제작하였으며, 이 장치를 사용하여 상수 원수를 처리한 결과와 현재 대부분의 정수장에서 사용되고 있는 기존의 약품 혼화방식에 의한 오염물질의 처리효율을 비교 평가하였다. 그 결과 혼화방식에 따른 혼화지 내 응집제 혼화특성은 초음파 노즐에 의한 혼화방식이 기계식(back-mixing) 혼화방식보다 응집제의 확산속도가 빠른 것으로 조사되었다. 오염물질 별 제거효율 역시 기계식(back-mixing) 혼화방식보다 초음파 노즐에 의한 혼화방식의 제거효율이 높은 것으로 조사되어, 초음파 분사노즐을 이용한 약품 혼화방식을 실제 정수처리 공정에 적용할 경우 응집제의 과량 주입에 의한 처리효율의 저하를 방지할 수 있고, 후속 공정에 대한 부하량을 줄임으로서, 정수공정에 사용되는 약품을 절감시키고, 혼화지가 필요없게 되어 이로 인한 경제적 효과 뿐만 아니라 보다 순도가 높은 음용수를 생산 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2002년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.3 No.2
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• pp.686-689
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• 2002

The application of the ultrasonic nozzle has been extended because it is possible atomization of liquid material. In this study, the characteristics of the ultrasonic nozzle and ceramic oscillator were investigated. The oscillator for the ultrasonic nozzle were made piezoelectric ceramic of $Pb[(Sb_{1/2}Nb_{1/2})_{0.035}-(Mn_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})_{0.065}-(Zr_{0.49}Ti_{0.51})_{0.90}]O_3$. The electromechanical coupling factor$(k_p)$ and mechanical quality factor$(Q_m)$ showed the values of 0.555, 1,214 respectively when the Zr/Ti ratio was 49/51. Moreover, this oscillator will have the temperature stability because it's curie temperature is $322[^{\circ}C]$. The driving current of ultrasonic nozzle showed the value of 80[mA] when the driving time was 10[min.]. Also, The surface temperature of ceramic oscillator showed $80[^{\circ}C]$ at driving time 10[min.] We knew that the ultrasonic nozzle had stabile driving above 10[min.].