• Title/Summary/Keyword: Ultra-local model

검색결과 23건 처리시간 0.033초

Effect of high temperatures on local bond-slip behavior between rebars and UHPC

  • Tang, Chao-Wei
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
    • /
    • 제81권2호
    • /
    • pp.163-178
    • /
    • 2022
  • This paper aimed to study the local bond-slip behavior between ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) and a reinforcing bar after exposure to high temperatures. A series of pull-out tests were carried out on cubic specimens of size 150×150×150 mm with deformed steel bar embedded for a fixed length of three times the diameter of the tested deformed bar. The experimental results of the bond stress-slip relationship were compared with the Euro-International Concrete Committee (CEB-Comite Euro-International du Beton)-International Federation for Prestressing (FIP-Federation Internationale de la Precontrainte) Model Code and with prediction models found in the literature. In addition, based on the test results, an empirical model of the bond stress-slip relationship was proposed. The evaluation and comparison results showed that the modified CEB-FIP Model code 2010 proposed by Aslani and Samali for the local bond stress-slip relationship for UHPC after exposure to high temperatures was more conservative. In contrast, for both room temperature and after exposure to high temperatures, the modified CEB-FIP Model Code 2010 local bond stress-slip model for UHPC proposed in this study was able to predict the test results with reasonable accuracy.

Model-Free Adaptive Integral Backstepping Control for PMSM Drive Systems

  • Li, Hongmei;Li, Xinyu;Chen, Zhiwei;Mao, Jingkui;Huang, Jiandong
    • Journal of Power Electronics
    • /
    • 제19권5호
    • /
    • pp.1193-1202
    • /
    • 2019
  • A SMPMSM drive system is a typical nonlinear system with time-varying parameters and unmodeled dynamics. The speed outer loop and current inner loop control structures are coupled and coexist with various disturbances, which makes the speed control of SMPMSM drive systems challenging. First, an ultra-local model of a PMSM driving system is established online based on the algebraic estimation method of model-free control. Second, based on the backstepping control framework, model-free adaptive integral backstepping (MF-AIB) control is proposed. This scheme is applied to the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system of an electric vehicle for the first time. The validity of the proposed control scheme is verified by system simulations and experimental results obtained from a SMPMSM drive system bench test.

국부 셀 격자 결함 모델을 사용한 극 저 에너지 이온 주입에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Ultra-Low Energy Ion Implantation using Local Cell Damage Accumulation Model)

  • 권오근;강정원;황호정
    • 전자공학회논문지D
    • /
    • 제36D권7호
    • /
    • pp.9-16
    • /
    • 1999
  • 본 논문은 극 저 에너지 이온 주입의 원자단위 연구를 위하여 국부 셀 격자결함 축적 모델(local cell damage accumulation model)을 제안하고, 분자 역학 방법(molecular dynamics method)을 사용한 이온 주입 시뮬레이션 결과를 보여주고 있다. 국부 격자 결함 확률 축적 함수는 각 단위 셀에 축적된 에너지, 이온빔 전류, 기판 물질, 주입 이온과 이온 발생 순서 등으로 구성되어 있다. 시뮬레이션 결과는 SIMS 측정치 및 다른 분자 역학 시뮬레이션과 잘 일치한다. 격자결함을 고려하지 않는 MDRANGE는 격자결함으로 인한 채널링 억제 효과가 나타나지 않기 때문에 불순물 분포의 꼬리 부분에서 많은 차이를 보였다. 또한 국부 격자결함 축적 모델을 사용한 경우와 이를 고려하지 않는 경우의 불순물과 격자결함에 관한 2차원 분포를 계산하여 국부적으로 축적된 격자결함이 이온의 진행에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

  • PDF

Hypergraph Game Theoretic Solutions for Load Aware Dynamic Access of Ultra-dense Small Cell Networks

  • Zhu, Xucheng;Xu, Yuhua;Liu, Xin;Zhang, Yuli;Sun, Youming;Du, Zhiyong;Liu, Dianxiong
    • KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
    • /
    • 제13권2호
    • /
    • pp.494-513
    • /
    • 2019
  • A multi-channel access problem based on hypergraph model in ultra-dense small cell networks is studied in this paper. Due to the hyper-dense deployment of samll cells and the low-powered equipment, cumulative interference becomes an important problem besides the direct interference. The traditional binary interference model cannot capture the complicated interference relationship. In order to overcome this shortcoming, we use the hypergraph model to describe the cumulative interference relation among small cells. We formulate the multi-channel access problem based on hypergraph as two local altruistic games. The first game aims at minimizing the protocol MAC layer interference, which requires less information exchange and can converge faster. The second game aims at minimizing the physical layer interference. It needs more information interaction and converges slower, obtaining better performance. The two modeled games are both proved to be exact potential games, which admit at least one pure Nash Equilibrium (NE). To provide information exchange and reduce convergecne time, a cloud-based centralized-distributed algorithm is designed. Simulation results show that the proposed hypergraph models are both superior to the existing binary models and show the pros and cons of the two methods in different aspects.

Evaluation of Ultra-high and High Degree Geopotential Models for Improving the KGEOID98

  • Yun, Hong-Sic
    • Korean Journal of Geomatics
    • /
    • 제2권1호
    • /
    • pp.7-15
    • /
    • 2002
  • Recent development of ultra-high and high degree Earth geopotential model opens new avenues to determine the Earth gravity field through spectral techniques to a very high accuracy and resolution. However, due to data availability, quality, and type, the performance of these new EGMs needs to be validated in regional or local scale geoid modeling. For establishing the best reference surface of geoid determination, recent geopotential models are evaluated using GPS/Leveling-derived geometric geoid and the Korean gravimetrical GEOID (KGEOID98) developed by National Geography Institute in 1998. Graphical and statistical comparisons are made for EGM96, GFZ97, PGM2000A and GPM98A models. The mean and standard deviation of difference between geometric height and geoid undulation calculated from GFZ97 are $1.9\pm{46.7}\;cm$. It is shown that the GFZ97 and the GPM98A models are better than the others in the Korean peninsula because the GFZ97 has a smaller bias. It means that the KGEOID98 needs some improvement using the GFZ97 instead of EGM96.

  • PDF

Search for Ultra-faint Dwarfs in the Halo of M60, Giant Elliptical Galaxy in Virgo

  • LEE, JEONG HWAN;LEE, MYUNG GYOON;JANG, IN SUNG
    • 천문학회보
    • /
    • 제41권2호
    • /
    • pp.63.2-63.2
    • /
    • 2016
  • One of the well-known problems in the lambda cold dark matter (${\Lambda}CDM$) models is a missing satellite problem. The slope of the mass function of low mass galaxies predicted by ${\Lambda}CDM$ models is much steeper than that based on the luminosity function of dwarf galaxies in the local universe. This implies that the model prediction is an overestimate of low mass galaxies, or that the current census of dwarf galaxies in the local universe may be an underestimate of dwarf galaxies. Previous studies of galaxy luminosity functions to address this problem are based mostly on the sample of galaxies brighter than Mv ~ -10 in the nearby galaxies. In this study we try to search for ultra-faint galaxies (UFDs), which are much fainter than those in the previous studies. We use multi-field HST ACS images of M60 in the archive. M60 is a giant elliptical galaxy located in the east part of the Virgo cluster, and hosts a large population of globular clusters and UCDs. Little is known about the dwarf galaxies in this galaxy. UFDs are much fainter, much smaller, and have lower surface brightness than normal dwarf galaxies so HST images of massive galaxies are an ideal resource. We present preliminary results of this search.

  • PDF

압축강도 및 단위중량에 따른 고강도 초경량 콘크리트의 부착-슬립 거동 (The Bond Slip Behavior of High Strength and Ultra Lightweight Concrete According to Compressive Strength and Unit Weight)

  • 조동범;오준환;천주현;유성원
    • 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
    • /
    • 제12권3호
    • /
    • pp.254-262
    • /
    • 2024
  • 나노 재료의 발달된 기술을 구조물의 장대화에 접목시키기 위한 고강도 및 초경량 재료의 요구가 지속적으로 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 그래서 기존 연구 결과와 수많은 배합시도를 바탕으로 압축강도 100 MPa, 단위중량 18 kN/m3 및 압축강도 80 MPa, 단위중량 16 kN/m3 정도의 고강도 및 초경량 콘크리트의 배합을 도출하고 그 성능을 평가하였다. 본 논문에서는 압축강도 100 MPa, 단위중량 18 kN/m3 및 압축강도 80 MPa, 단위중량 16 kN/m3 정도의 고강도 및 초경량 콘크리트에 해당하는 108개의 시편을 제작하여 직접인발 부착실험을 수행하여 부착특성을 파악하고, 실험결과와 현행 설계기준과 비교하여 부착특성을 평가하였다. ACI-408R의 부착강도 산정식에 대해 실험결과가 정확하게 반영되지 않은 것으로 판단되어, ACI-408R을 기반으로 한 부착응력 식을 제안하였다. 제안 식을 통해 편차가 어느 정도 줄어든 결과를 도출하였다. 그리고 통계분석을 이용한 CEB-FIP모델과 수정된 CMR 모델을 산정한 결과는 실험결과와 약간의 차이를 보였지만 부착거동이 국부적인 거동임을 감안하면, 고강도 및 초경량 콘크리트의 부착거동의 제안 모델이 전반적으로 잘 묘사하는 것으로 판단된다.

Intergalactic Magnetic Field and Arrival Direction of Ultra-High-Energy Iron Nuclei

  • 류동수;강혜성
    • 천문학회보
    • /
    • 제37권2호
    • /
    • pp.78.2-78.2
    • /
    • 2012
  • We have studied how the intergalactic magnetic field (IGMF) affects the propagation of super-GZK iron nuclei that originate from extragalactic sources within the local GZK sphere. Toward this end, we set up hypothetical sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic-rays (UHECRs), virtual observers, and the magnetized cosmic web in a model universe constructed from cosmological structure formation simulations. We then arranged a set of reference objects at high density region to represent astronomical objects formed in the large scale structure (LSS). With our model IGMF, the paths of UHE iron nuclei are deflected on average by about 70 degrees, which might indicate a nearly isotropic distribution of arrival directions. However, the separation angle between the arrival directions and the nearest reference object on the LSS is only ~6 degrees, which is twice the mean distance to the nearest neighbors among the reference objects. This means that the positional correlation of observed UHE iron events with their true sources would be erased by the IGMF, but the correlation with the LSS itself is to be sustained. We discuss implications of our findings for correlations studies of real UHECR events.

  • PDF

Model-free Deadbeat Predictive Current Control of a Surface-mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive System

  • Zhou, Yanan;Li, Hongmei;Zhang, Hengguo
    • Journal of Power Electronics
    • /
    • 제18권1호
    • /
    • pp.103-115
    • /
    • 2018
  • Parametric uncertainties and inverter nonlinearity exist in the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system of electrical vehicles, which may lead to performance degradation or failure, and eventually threaten reliable operation. Therefore, a model-free deadbeat predictive current controller (MFDPCC) for PMSM drive systems is proposed in this study. The data-driven ultra-local model of a surface-mounted PMSM (SMPMSM) drive system that consists of parametric uncertainties and inverter nonlinearity is first established through the input and output data of a SMPMSM drive system. Subsequently, MFDPCC is designed. The performance comparisons and analyses of the proposed MFDPCC, the conventional proportional-integral controller, and the model-based deadbeat predictive current controller for SMPMSM drive systems are implemented via system simulation and experimental tests. Results show the effectiveness and technical advantages of the proposed MFDPCC.

Establishment and evaluation of the VX2 orthotopic lung cancer rabbit model: a ultra-minimal invasive percutaneous puncture inoculation method

  • Wang, Lijuan;Che, Keke;Liu, Zhonghong;Huang, Xianlong;Xiang, Shifeng;Zhu, Fei;Yu, Yu
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
    • /
    • 제22권3호
    • /
    • pp.291-300
    • /
    • 2018
  • The purpose of the present work is to establish an ultra-minimal invasive percutaneous puncture inoculation method for a VX2 orthotopic lung cancer rabbit model with fewer technical difficulties, lower mortality of rabbits, a higher success rate and a shorter operation time, to evaluate the growth, metastasis and apoptosis of tumor by CT scans, necropsy, histological examination, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. The average inoculation time was 10-15 min per rabbit. The tumorbearing rate was 100%. More than 90% of the tumor-bearing rabbits showed local solitary tumor with 2-10 mm diameters after two weeks post-inoculation, and the rate of chest seeding was only 8.3% (2/24). The tumors diameters increased to 4-16 mm, and irregularly short thorns were observed 3 weeks after inoculation. Five weeks post-inoculation, the liquefaction necrosis and a cavity developed, and the size of tumor grew further. Before natural death, the CT images showed that the tumors spread to the chest. The flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry indicated that there was less apoptosis in VX2 orthotopic lung cancer rabbit model compared to chemotherapy drug treatment group. Minimal invasive percutaneous puncture inoculation is an easy, fast and accurate method to establish the VX2 orthotopic lung cancer rabbit model, an ideal in situ tumor model similar to human malignant tumor growth.