• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.853-861
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 수치해석을 이용한 piled raft 기초의 복합적인 거동평가를 위해 축대칭 조건 및 경계면 요소를 적용한 유한차분해석 모델링 방법이 합리적인지 검증하였다. 이를 위해 실내모형실험 결과와 수치해석 결과를 비교 분석하여 piled raft 기초의 모델링 방법의 적합성을 평가하였다. 그리고 실제 현장조건을 고려한 기초 매개변수에 대한 민감도분석을 수행하여 raft의 하중분담율을 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 실내모형실험과 수치해석 결과에서 지지력-수직변위의 상관관계가 동일한 경향을 보였으며, piled raft 기초의 극한지지력과 raft의 하중분담율이 비교적 유사하게 산정되었다. 그리고 민감도분석을 통해 raft의 하중분담율은 약 33%~52% 사이에서 산정되어, 기존 연구 결과와 유사함을 확인하였다. 따라서 piled raft 기초는 축대칭 조건 및 경계면 요소를 이용하여 효과적으로 모델링될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.363-377
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• 2013

Any structure constructed on the earth is supported by the underlying soil. Foundation is an interfacing element between superstructure and the underlying soil that transmits the loads supported by the foundation including its self weight. Foundation design requires evaluation of safe bearing capacity along with both immediate and long term settlements. Weak and compressible soils are subjected to problems related to bearing capacity and settlement. The conventional method of design of footing requires sufficient safety against failure and the settlement must be kept within the allowable limit. These requirements are dependent on the bearing capacity of soil. Thus, the estimation of load carrying capacity of footing is the most important step in the design of foundation. A number of theoretical approaches, in-situ tests and laboratory model tests are available to find out the bearing capacity of footings. The reliability of any theory can be demonstrated by comparing it with the experimental results. Results from laboratory model tests on square footings resting on sand are presented in this paper. The variation of bearing capacity of sand below a model plate footing of square shape with variation in size, depth and the effect of permissible settlement are evaluated. A steel tank of size $900mm{\times}1200mm{\times}1000mm$ is used for conducting model tests. Bearing capacity factor $N_{\gamma}$ is evaluated and is compared with Terzaghi, Meyerhof, Hansen and Vesic's $N_{\gamma}$ values. From the experimental investigations it is found that, as the depth of sand cushion below the footing ($D_{sc}$) increases, ultimate bearing capacity and settlement values show an increasing trend up to a certain depth of sand cushion.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.409-419
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• 2017

In order to analyze the vibration control effect of viscous damper in the concrete archaized buildings with lintel-column joints under seismic action, 3 specimens were tested under dynamic excitation. Two specimens with viscous damper were defined as the controlled component and one specimen without viscous damper was specified as the non-controlled component. The loading process and failure patterns were obtained from the test results. The failure characteristics, skeleton curves and mechanical behavior such as the load-displacement hysteretic loops, load carrying capacity, degradation of strength and rigidity, ductility and energy dissipation of the joints were analyzed. The results indicate that the load-bearing capacity of the controlled component is significantly higher than that of the non-controlled component. The former component has an average increase of 27.4% in yield load and 22.4% in ultimate load, respectively. Meanwhile, the performance of displacement ductility and the ability of energy dissipation for the controlled component are superior to those of the non-controlled component as well. Compared with non-controlled component, equivalent viscous damping coefficients are improved by 27.3%-30.8%, the average increase is 29.0% at ultimate load for controlled component. All these results reflect that the seismic performance of the controlled component is significantly better than that of the non-controlled component. These researches are helpful for practical application of viscous damper in the concrete archaizing buildings with lintel-column joints.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.473-487
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• 2012

An experimental study was performed to investigate the seismic performance of steel reinforced concrete (SRC) special-shaped columns. For this purpose, 17 steel reinforced concrete special-shaped column specimens under low-cyclic reversed load were tested, load process and failure patterns of the specimens with different steel reinforcement were observed. The test results showed that the failure patterns of these columns include shear-diagonal compression failure, shear-bond failure, shear-flexure failure and flexural failure. The failure mechanisms and characteristics of SRC special-shaped columns were also analyzed. For different SRC special-shaped columns, based on the failure characteristics and mechanism observed from the test, formulas for calculating ultimate shear capacity in shear-diagonal compression failure and shear-bond failure under horizontal axis and oblique load were derived. The calculated results were compared with the test results. Both the theoretical analysis and the experimental results showed that, the shear capacity of T, L shaped columns under oblique load are larger than that under horizontal axis load, whereas the shear capacity of +-shaped columns under oblique load are less than that under horizontal axis load.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.263-272
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 중구경 현장타설말뚝의 활성화를 위하여, 말뚝재하시험을 이용한 지지력 특성을 평가하였으며, 그 결과를 설계지지력 예측방법과 비교하였다. 정재하시험 결과, 말뚝의 강도가 높은 경우에 낮은 강도에 비하여 약 2.4배 수준의 허용지지력을 나타내는 것으로 평가되었고, 동재하시험 결과에서는 높은 말뚝 강도의 경우가 낮은 경우보다 약 1.4배~1.5배 수준의 허용지지력을 나타내는 것으로 분석되었다. 정재하시험과 동재하시험의 허용지지력에 대한 비교 결과, 동일한 침하량 조건에서는 그 차이가 3%~6% 범위를 나타내었다. 그리고 재하시험 결과와 설계지지력 예측방법을 이용한 지지력 산정결과를 비교한 결과, 선단지지력 및 주면마찰력에 대한 하중분담율에 있어서, FHWA 제안식이 보다 합리적인 예측이 가능한 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.343-354
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• 2003

재하판과 실제기초의 크기가 상이하므로 평판재하시험으로부터 실제 기초지반의 지지력 및 침하량을 산정할 때, Scale Effect가 고려되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 5종류의 모형기초지반을 형성하고, 크기가 각각 l0cm, 15cm, 20cm, 25cm인 4가지 크기의 정사각형 평판으로 재하시험을 실시하여 재하판의 크기에 따른 지지력 및 침하 특성을 분석하였다. 또한 분석된 결과를 토대로 하여, 평판재하시험으로부터 실제기초의 지지력 및 침하량을 산정할 때, 모래와 점토의 혼합비율에 따라 Scale Effect를 합리적으로 고려할 수 있도록 식을 제안하였으며, 식에서 지지력 산정계수(a,b)와 침하량 산정계수(c,d)는 모래와 점토의 혼합비율에 따라 구할 수 있도록 그림으로 제시하였다. 지금까지는 현장기초지반에 대한 지지력 및 침하량을 합리적으로 평가할 수 없어 비경제적인 시공이 되어왔으나, 본 연구에서 제안한 지지력 및 침하량 산정방법에서는 모래와 점토의 혼합비율을 고려하여 기초지반의 지지력 및 침하량을 보다 합리적으로 추정할 수 있으므로 기초지반의 안정성 여부에 대한 확신과, 또한 경제적인 시공이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.915-922
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• 1994

본 논문은 준강성 보강재를 수직방향으로 설치함으로써 연약지반을 개량할 수 있는 장래 현장에서 유용하게 사용될 보강토방법을 제시하였다. 실내모형실험은 보강재를 연약한 사질토층에 수직방향으로 설치하고 그 상부에 두 종류의 모형얕은기초를 축조한 후 보강되지 않은 사질토층과 보강된 사질토층에 대한 지지력을 비교하였다. 또한 보강재표면의 거칠기에 따른 효과와 보강재의 길이, 설치간격, 측면 보강범위와 사질토의 초기상대밀도에 따른 극한지지팩의 증가에 대하여 평가하였다. 실험결과 상대밀도가 낮게나 중간 정도인 사질토층에 보강재를 수직방향으로 설치하였을 때 극한지지력이 상당량 증가됨을 알 수 있었다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.551-565
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• 2019

A total of 36 carbon steel and stainless steel bolted connections subjected to shear loading at different strain rates was experimentally investigated. The connection specimens were fabricated from carbon steel grades 1.20 mm G500 and 1.90 mm G450, as well as cold-formed stainless steel types EN 1.4301 and EN 1.4162 with nominal thickness 1.50 mm. The connection tests were conducted by displacement control test method. The strain rates of 10 mm/min and 20 mm/min were used. Structural behaviour of the connection specimens tested at different strain rates was investigated in terms of ultimate load, elongation corresponding to ultimate load and failure mode. Generally, it is shown that the higher strain rate on the bolted connection specimens, the higher ultimate load was obtained. The ultimate loads were averagely 2-6% higher, while the corresponding elongations were averagely 8-9% higher for the test results obtained from the strain rate of 20 mm/min compared with those obtained from the lower strain rates (1.0 mm/min for carbon steel and 1.5 mm/min for stainless steel). The connection specimens were generally failed in plate bearing of the carbon steel and stainless steel. It is shown that increasing the strain rate up to 20 mm/min generally has no effect on the bearing failure mode of the carbon steel and stainless steel bolted connections. The test strengths and failure modes were compared with the results predicted by the bolted connection design rules in international design specifications, including the Australian/New Zealand Standard (AS/NZS4600 2018), Eurocode 3 - Part 1.3 (EC3-1.3 2006) and North American Specification (AISI S100 2016) for cold-formed carbon steel structures as well as the American Specification (ASCE 2002), AS/NZS4673 (2001) and Eurocode 3 - Part 1.4 (EC3-1.4 2015) for stainless steel structures. It is shown that the AS/NZS4600 (2018), EC3-1.3 (2006) and AISI S100 (2016) generally provide conservative predictions for the carbon steel bolted connections. Both the ASCE (2002) and the EC3-1.4 (2015) provide conservative predictions for the stainless steel bolted connections. The EC3-1.3 (2006) generally provided more accurate predictions of failure mode for carbon steel bolted connections than the AS/NZS4600 (2018) and the AISI S100 (2016). The failure modes of stainless steel bolted connections predicted by the EC3-1.4 (2015) are more consistent with the test results compared with those predicted by the ASCE (2002).

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2002

우리나라에서 현장타설말뚝은 주로 암반에 관입되어 사용되고 있다. 타입말뚝 시공시 발생하는 진동과 소음의 문제를 해결할 수 있는 장점을 지니고 있어, 현장타설말뚝의 사용이 점점 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 본 논문에서는 부산 광안대로와 수영 3호교 건설현장의 암반에 관입된 현장타설말뚝 2본에 대한 정재하시험 데이터와 기존에 제안되어진 여러 극한지지력 산정식을 비교.검토 하였으며, 이 과정에서 발견한 국내설계의 문제점을 제시하고 이를 보완하기 위한 방법을 제안하고자 하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.615-632
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• 2001

Ductility of open piled wharves under reversed cyclic loads has been investigated. Experimental testing of five wharf models having a scale of about 1:4 was conducted under the application of horizontal reversed cyclic loading. The experiments were designed to focus on the horizontal ultimate load, ductility and failure mode of the considered wharf models. Nonlinear numerical analyses using the finite element method were also performed on numerical models representing the experimentally tested wharves. The results of the experimental tests showed that open piled wharves possessed favourable ductile behaviour and that their load bearing capacity did not depreciate until a ductility factor of 3 to 4 was reached. The numerical analysis showed that the relative rotation that took place at the joints between the steel piles and the R.C. beam was responsible for a considerable portion of the total horizontal deformation of the wharves. Therefore, it was concluded that introducing the joint stiffness in calculating the deformations of open piled wharves was important to achieve reasonable accuracy.