• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.495-503
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• 2011

When a patent of an innovative (brand-name) small-molecule drug expires, generic copies of the innovative drug may be marketed if their therapeutic equivalence to the innovative drug has been shown. The small-molecule drugs are considered therapeutically equivalent and can be used interchangeably if two drugs are shown to be pharmaceutically equivalent with identical active substance and bioequivalent with comparable pharmacokinetics in a crossover clinical trial. However, the therapeutic equivalence paradigm cannot be applied to biosimilars since the active ingredients of biosimilars are huge molecules with complex and heterogeneous structures, and these molecules are difficult to replicate in every detail. The European Medicine Agency(EMEA) has introduced a regulatory biosimilar pathway which mandates clinical trials to show therapeutic equivalence. In this paper, we discuss statistical considerations in the design and analysis of biosimilar cancer clinical trials.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.341-345
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• 2010

The NAUT(Non contact Air coupled Ultrasonic Testing) is one of the ultrasonic wave inspection methods. It compensates High power ultrasound Pulser Receiver, pre-amp, air probe of high sensitivity in air to generate loss energy by NAUT methods. Generally, in case of ultrasound inspection, it applies contact methods by using couplant. However it can inspect of UT without couplant by this NAUT. The ultrasound transmission reception is composed in stable condition in NAUT. It can inspect high low material or the specimen of rough part, the narrow spot, too. The spot welding is applying the inosculation of automobile component, car body, all boards. The CFRP is necessity of NDE because of the solidity changes material according to lamella tearing. Therefore it checked on realization whether and commercialization in the spot welding and CFRP inspection that the NAUT would be applied them.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.63.1-63.1
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• 2016

We observed Ultra-Long GRB 111209A using NASA's 3m InfraRed Telescope Facility (IRTF). The observation was started around 40 min later than T0 = 07:12:08 UT of Swift's BAT, lasted for 24 min. The spectrum was extracted using Spextool package. The NIR SEDs show power law distribution indicating afterglow emission from the GRB according to the fireball model with beta ~ 1.2. Also they do not show thermal emission component compared to the SED of "Christmas burst" GRB 101225A. Because there is no other NIR data with this observation epoch, this data can be compared only with TAROT-R band. It seems NIR data has the same flare which exists in R band as an optical flare.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1-25
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• 2008

IT platform migration to open systems (IPMO) bears a great deal of risk over all the associated processes, in terms of a major IT investment. Hence it requires empirical data and references for decision making. Although there have been a number of published papers encouraging or discouraging IPMO, the studies that deliver useful empirical evidence for IPMO decisions are rare. The obvious first step to resolve this problem would be to gain lessons from the organizations who experienced IPMO. Based on the Delphi study, we examine both the pre and post evaluations on IPMO benefits and risks and analyze the underlying reasons of different evaluations from different stages. Our results identify the most important factor the organizations should seriously consider, and which factor is easy to neglect at the ex-ante appraisal stage.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.536-542
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• 2004

XML이 웹 상에서 문서 교환의 표준으로 자리잡고 있으며 그 수요가 나날이 증가하고 있다. 그에 따라 XML 데이터나 문서 구조를 모델링하는 XML Schema(W3C XML Schema Spec) 또한 수요가 증가하고 있다. 그러나 XML Schema는 다양한 자료형과 풍부한 표현력을 제공하지만 그 복잡성으로 인해 모델링하기가 어려운 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 관계형 데이터베이스 설계의 기본적인 도구인 개체-관계 모델을 이용하여 Ut Schema를 간단하게 생성하는 방법을 제시한다. 개체-관계 모델과 변환 될 XML Schema의 구조는 서로 일대일로 매핑되지 않아 직접 변환할 수는 없다. 그래서 몇 가지 알고리즘을 이용하여 개체-관계 모델을 계층적 구조모델로 변환을 한다. 이렇게 변환된 계층적 구조 모델을 이용하여 최종적으로 XML Schema를 생성한다. 여기서 제시한 알고리즘의 특징은 XML Schema의 중요한 특성들인 재사용성, 전역 및 로컬 기능 등을 가진 문서를 생성한다는 것이다.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 1977

Il-Cohin of the 24 subseasons is found to be repeated in the period ut 103, solar yeors. And that of the date in the old Chinese calendar xear is, repeating in the period of 102 solar years. It is also found that the length of lunar month is repeating in nearly 64solar years.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.60.1-60.1
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• 2017

In this study we apply Convolution Neural Network(CNN) to solar flare occurrence prediction with various parameter options using the 00:00 UT MDI images from 1996 to 2010 (total 4962 images). We assume that only X, M and C class flares correspond to "flare occurrence" and the others to "non-flare". We have attempted to look for the best options for the models with two CNN pre-trained models (AlexNet and GoogLeNet), by modifying training images and changing hyper parameters. Our major results from this study are as follows. First, the flare occurrence predictions are relatively good with about 80 % accuracies. Second, both flare prediction models based on AlexNet and GoogLeNet have similar results but AlexNet is faster than GoogLeNet. Third, modifying the training images to reduce the projection effect is not effective. Fourth, skill scores of our flare occurrence model are mostly better than those of the previous models.

• Proceedings of the Korean Reliability Society Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.227-233
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• 2002

Suspension system is one of the most important components indespensible for stability and reliability of automobiles. The demands to more safe and durable suspension system have been increased as the automobiles get popular and improve in quality. The crack in the coil spring of the suspension system produced during manufacturing may grow under a fatigue load and cause a severe safety problems which lead to a catastrophic damage to the passengers. Many conventional NDT techniques including ET, RT, and UT are less sensitive or hard to apply to detect the surface breaking crack in the suspension coils partly because the techniques are point-to-point measurement methods, thus take too long time to inspect the coil spring longer than 1m. Contrary to this, Lamb wave technique is full-field measurement method that make it possible to examine the whole coil spring in real time. In this paper, the Lamb wave is applied to the coil spring to investigate the possibility to detect the cracks on the surface of the coil spring.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.191-197
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• 1995

Faunistic survey of ant was carried out twice in April and July 1994 from Is. Sohuksando located in westsouthern area in Korea. Thirty-seven species were identified ut of Five hundred and thirty seven colonies collected. Among them, Camponotus nawai Ito and Smthistruma incerta Brown are found to be the first record from Korea.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.211-216
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• 2001

It is well known that composite laminates are easily damaged by low velocity impact. Low velocity impact damage characteristics and residual compressive strength of composite laminates used in light rail transit are investigated. The damage of composite laminates subjected to impact loading are occurred matrix cracking, delamination, and fiber breakage. The damage of matrix cracking and delamination are reduced suddenly the compressive strength after impact. The objectives of this study is to evaluate impact characteristics and the relationship between impact force and inside damage of composite laminates by low velocity impact loading. UT C-scan is used to determine impact damage areas by impact loading.