• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.846-860
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• 2009

We investigated the foodservice management practices in various operation types of childcare centers in Asan, Chungnam Province, with the intention of improving the quality of foodservice and providing the basic information for establishing more effective and efficient foodservice model system. Self-completed questionnaires were collected from the directors of 174 child care centers. The statistical analysis was completed using SPSS Ver. 12.0 program. The followings are about the results of this study. Approximately 94.8% of the directors were women with the average age of 40.3. All of the investigated facilities executed foodservice; the facilities of 96.2% had been self-operated, 1.9% was contract-managed and the remaining 1.9% served delivered meal from outside. Only 20.0% of the investigated centers employed a dietitian. In most of the centers, meals were prepared in a conventional manner and approximately 85.3% of the centers are serving only snacks twice a day as a supplementary due to financial difficulties. Menu planner of the facilities, which have no dietitian was the director (35.8%) or the cook (25.7%). In most centers, the directors purchased the food materials (67.5%). Material inspection was done by the director (54.9%) or the cook (40.5%). However, home care centers did not inspect the food material. These results indicate that food service management guidelines need to be established by the facility type with the government control and financial support. Especially, dietitian employment and the efficient foodservice model system establishment are questions that confront us.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.351-356
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• 2012

Food is important to any animal, and a large part of the behavioral repertoire is concerned with ensuring adequate nutrition. Two main nutritional sensations, hunger and satiety, produce opposite behaviors. Hungry animals seek food, increase exploratory behavior and continue feeding once they encounter food. Satiated animals decrease exploratory behavior, take rest, and stop feeding. The signals of hunger or satiety and their effects on physiology and behavior will depend not only on the animal's current nutritional status, but also on its experience and the environment in which the animal evolved. In our novel, nutritionally rich environment, improper control of appetite contributes to diseases from anorexia to the current epidemic of obesity. Despite extraordinary recent advances, genetic contribution to appetite control is still poorly understood partly due to lack of simple genetic model systems. In this review, we will discuss current understanding of molecular and cellular mechanisms by which animals regulate food intake depending on their nutritional status. Then, focusing on relatively less known muscarinic and cGMP signals, we will discuss how the molecular and behavioral aspects of hunger and satiety are conserved in a simple invertebrate model system, Caenorhabditis elegans so as for us to use it to understand the genetics of appetite control.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.27-48
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• 2006

Most of us spend the greater part of our lives in the kitchen, but of all the man environments it maybe the least well-explored share commitment to a cleaner and healthier environment. It has long been kitchen system belief that the environment is a precious gift. In case of built in kitchen system, because it depend upon the earth's resources to design and manufacture steel hardware products, human beings feel an abiding responsibility to act wisely in the environmental choices we make, large and small, every day. Built in kitchen system, designed and coordinated by study of designer, represents an open, complete, free and 'focused' way of conceiving, furnishing and organizing one's own kitchen. A space rich in technical values and home warmth, where few, simple and carefully designed components distinguish and characterize the various work spaces, from the area, intended for preparing and washing food, to the cooking area, and to a wide range of multivalent pieces of furniture, wood paneled wall units and shelves.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.59 no.12
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• pp.2349-2351
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• 2010

Photo Acoustic Tomography (PAT) is a hybrid imaging modality which combines high contrast of optical imaging and spatial resolution of ultrasound imaging, thus it is suitable to image biological tissue noninvasively. Laser-induced photoacoustic signals were measured from a sample by means of an unfocused ultrasound transducer, then PAT image was reconstructed based on a universal back-projection algorithm. To evaluate the feasibility of our system, phantom test was performed, consequently, the PAT images obtained using our system showed highly analogous shape and volume with those of the phantom. This result demonstrated that our system can provide a powerful tool for imaging the substructure of biological tissue in non-invasive manner.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.422-433
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in Korean meat consumption as well as meat consumption trends. During the Japanese occupation period, the supply of meat was considerably insufficient. However, meat consumption mainly in large cities has gradually increased. Especially, 'Pyeongyang cow', a specialty of Pyeongyang, started being raised as edible beef cattle in 1933. During the chaotic period following liberation from Japan, the price of meat sharply increased. However, as the meat supply stabilized, the 'beef grade system' was introduced in 1967. Since then, beef has sold according to region. During the early economic growth period of the mid-1970s, meat consumption rapidly increased, and foreign beef was first imported in 1976. The preference for beef was somewhat attenuated due to the outbreak of mad cow disease and economic slowdown of the 1990s, resulting in an increase in the consumption of pork, a replacement meat. During the recent period of economic development, meat consumption has somewhat fallen and remained low. In late 2003, with the occurrence of mad cow disease in the US, the demand for pork, and especially pork fatback, has sharply increased.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.2993-2998
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• 2009

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-on-a-chip (EOC) biosensor combined with cell concentration technology based on immuno-magnetic separation (IMS) was investigated for use as a potential tool for early screening of Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) in food products. The target analyte is a well-known pathogenic foodborne microorganism and outbreaks of the food poisoning typically occur due to contamination of normal food products. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop a rapid and reliable sensor that could be utilized on a daily basis to test food products for the presence of this pathogenic microorganism. The sensor was optimized to provide a high detection capability (e.g., 5.9 ${\times}\;10^3$ cells/mL) and, to eventually minimize cultivation time. The cell density was condensed using IMS prior to analysis. Since the concentration rate of IMS was greater than 100-fold, this combination resulted in a detection limit of 54 cells/mL. The EOC-IMS coupled analytical system was then applied to a real sample test of fish intestines. The system was able to detect L. monocytogenes at a concentration of 2.4 CFU/g after pre-enrichment for 6 h from the onset of cell cultivation. This may allow us to monitor the target analyte at a concentration less than 1 CFU/g within a 9 h-cultivation provided a doubling time of 40 min is typically maintained. Based on this estimation, the EOC-IMS system can screen and detect the presence of this microorganism in food products almost within working hours.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.74-80
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• 2011

Medical implant devices are one of the targets of the US's Food & Drug Administration (FDA) for tracking in case of a serious adverse event since they are directly connected to the lives of patients. The US law stipulates that the public health agency shall order implantable device makers to track their product down to the patient level if a serious adverse event has occurred or defects have been discovered; in reality, however, the agency can pass on the responsibility for tracking or recalling faulty devices to the manufacturers or use mass media. This article proposes an efficient tracking and recall management system and examines four main virtual scenarios based on such. This research seeks to suggest a system that enables FDA to perform accurate and prompt tracking and recall management for patients' enhanced safety.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.141-152
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• 2017

This paper presents a technical method for flood estimation based on satellite rainfall and satellite rainfall correction method for watersheds lacking measurement data. The study area was the Sebou Watershed, Morocco. The Integrated Flood Analysis System(IFAS) and Grid-based Rainfall-Runoff Model(GRM) were applied to estimate watershed runoff. Daily rainfall from ground gauges and satellite-derived hourly data were used. In the runoff simulation using satellite rainfall data, the composites of the daily gauge rainfall and the hourly satellite data were applied. The Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission Digital Elevation Model(SRTM DEM) with a 90m spatial resolution and 1km resolution data from Global map land cover and United States Food and Agriculture Organization(US FAO) Harmonized World Soil Database(HWSD) were used. Underestimated satellite rainfall data were calibrated using ground gauge data. The simulation results using the revised satellite rainfall data were $5,878{\sim}7,434m^3/s$ and $6,140{\sim}7,437m^3/s$ based on the IFAS and GRM, respectively. The peak discharge during flooding of Sebou River Watershed in 2009~2010 was estimated to range from $5,800m^3/s$ to $7,500m^3/s$. The flood estimations from the two hydrologic models using satellite-derived rainfall data were similar. Therefore, the calibration method using satellite rainfall suggested in this study can be applied to estimate the flood discharge of watersheds lacking observational data.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.49-58
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• 2012

Objectives: This research was designed to study the characteristics of heart rate variability in acute dyspepsia patients compared with normal group. Methods: The testing of HRV was carried out at Oriental Medical Center of ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$University with the participation of 94 acute dyspepsia patients and 85 control group people. We checked HRV of the 2 groups that were checked on the first visit day and compared HRV index between groups. Results: In the frequency domain analysis, HF, LF, VLF, LF/HF ratio, TP were significantly lower than control group on acute dyspepsia patient group. HF, LF, VLF, LF/HF ratio, TP were not significantly associated with age. Conclusions: According to this study, autonomic nerve system was more decreased on the acute dyspepsia patient group compared with the control group. Though further studies will be needed, the present finding provide us the possibility that stress is a major cause of the acute dyspepsia along with food factor.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.333-340
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• 2004

A new medical system of separation of dispensary from medical practice was started in 2000 in Korea. To expand bioequivalence-proven drug products and to ensure the credibility of the therapeutic equivalence of generic drug are hot issues in Korea. The KFDA also has a plan to revise the pharmaceutical affairs law that bioequivalence reports of all the generic prescription drugs should be submitted to the KFDA in the application for drug approval. Therefore, it becomes more necessary to develop bioequivalence-demonstrating methods for specific preparations such as topical drug products. There are some differences between US and Japanese guidances of bioequivalence studies of generic drug products for topical use. In this paper, we examined the recently published Japanese guideline, Guideline for Bioequivalence Studies of Generic Products For Topical Uses, and Q&A of the guideline, which will be references to make a guidance on bioequivalence studies of topical drug products in Korea.