• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.257-271
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• 2008

Wireless broadcast environments has character that a number of mobile client can receive data streaming from central server no matter how they are so many. Because it is asymmetric bandwidth in that uplink and downlink bandwidth are different. This advantage helps wireless broadcast environments is used in many applications. These applications work almost read operation and need control concurrency using transaction unit. Previous concurrency control scheme in single channel is not adapted in multi channel environments because consistency of data are broken when a mobile client tunes in a broadcast cycle in a channel and then move into another channel and listen to different broadcast cycle with already accessed broadcast cycle. In this paper, we propose concurrency control for read-only mobile transactions in multiple wireless broadcast channel. First of all, we adapt index and data dedicated channel and propose LBCPC(Longest Broadcast Cycle Per Channel) as new unit of consistency. In index dedicated channel, it is repeatedly broadcasted data in same BCPC(Broadcast Cycle Per Channel) until LBCPC. And mobile transaction executes validation using control information every LBCPC. As a result, consistency of data is kept and average response time is shorter than one in single channel because waiting time for restart reduces. And as control information is broadcasted more frequently than in single channel, it is guaranteed currency about data accessed by transaction. Finally, according to the simulation result, we verify performance of our scheme in multi channel as comparing average response time with single channel.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.282-296
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• 2006

In a wireless client server environment, data broadcasting is an efficient data dissemination method; a server broadcasts data, and some of broadcasted data are cached in a mobile client's cache to save the narrow communication bandwidth, limited resources, and data access time. A server also broadcasts invalidation reports to maintain the consistency between server data and a client's cached data. Most of existing works on the cache consistency problems simply purge the entire cache when the disconnection time is long enough to miss the certain amount(window size) of IRs. This paper presents a cache invalidation method to increase mobile clients' cache reusability in case of a long disconnection. Instead of simply dropping the entire cache regardless of its consistency, a client estimates the cost of purging all the data with the cost of selective purge. If the cost of dropping entire cache is higher, a client maintains the cache and selectively purge inconsistent data using uplink bandwidth for validation request. The simulation results show that this scheme increases the cache reusability since it effectively considers the update rates and the broadcast frequencies of cached data in estimating the cost of cache maintenance.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.54 no.8
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• pp.26-33
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• 2017

Vehicle communication can facilitate efficient coordination among vehicles on the road and enable future vehicular applications such as vehicle safety enhancement, infotainment, or even autonomous driving. In the $3^{rd}$ Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), many studies focus on long term evolution (LTE)-based vehicle communication. Because vehicle speed is high enough to cause severe channel distortion in vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) environments. We can utilize channel estimation methods to approach a reliable vehicle communication systems. Conventional channel estimation schemes can be categorized as least-squares (LS), decision-directed channel estimation (DDCE), spectral temporal averaging (STA), and smoothing methods. In this study, we propose a smart channel estimation scheme in LTE-based V2V environments. The channel estimation scheme, based on an LTE uplink system, uses a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) as the pilot symbol. Unlike conventional channel estimation schemes, we propose an adaptive smoothing channel estimation scheme (ASCE) using quadratic smoothing (QS) of the pilot symbols, which estimates a channel with greater accuracy and adaptively estimates channels in data symbols. In simulation results, the proposed ASCE scheme shows improved overall performance in terms of the normalized mean square error (NMSE) and bit error rate (BER) relative to conventional schemes.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.106-106
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• 2014

SIGMA (Scientific cubesat with Instrument for Global Magnetic field and rAdiation)는 근 지구공간에서 우주방사선량 측정과 자기장 변화 검출의 과학적 목적과 교육적 목적을 가지고 개발하고 있는 초소형 큐브위성이다. $100mm{\times}100mm{\times}340.5mm$의 크기로 약 3.6 kg의 무게를 가지며, 탑재체는 방사선에 대하여 인체와 동일한 산란 흡수 특성을 가진 Tissue Equivalent Proportional Counter (TEPC)와 자기장 측정을 위한 Magnetometer (Mag)이다. 위성체는 구조계, 자세제어계, 전력계, 명령 및 데이터처리계, 통신계로 구성되어있다. 구조계는 위성의 뼈대인 Chassis와 Mag deployer로 이루어져있고, 위성의 안정적인 자세유지를 목적으로 Attitude Control System (ACS) Board와 Torque Coil이 자세제어계로 구성된다. 전력의 생산과 공급 및 충전은 태양전지판과 Electrical Power System (EPS), 리튬 배터리로 구성된 전력계에서 이뤄지며, 명령 및 데이터처리계는 On Board Computer (OBC)와 Instrument Interface board (IIB)를 중심으로 서브시스템의 명령체계와 데이터처리를 다룬다. 통신계는 Uplink인 VHF 안테나와 Downlink인 UHF, S-band 안테나로 구성되며 지상과 명령을 송수신한다. SIGMA는 타임인터럽트 기능을 활용한 Flight Software (FSW)로 운용되며 임무에 따른 6가지 모드의 시나리오로 위성을 운용한다. 이에 SIGMA의 개발과 테스트 결과를 소개한다. 본 큐브위성 개발기술을 바탕으로 향후 천문관측용 위성에도 활용할 예정이다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.27 no.1B
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• pp.42-48
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• 2002

In broadband wireless networks, the effective meeting of the QoS guarantees may strongly depend on the Contention Resolution Algorithm used in the uplink contention period. The time it takes a station to transmit a successful request to the base station, or request delay, must be kept low even during periods of high contention. If a request suffers many collisions, it cannot rely on the preemptive scheduler to receive low access delays. However, the conventional collision resolution algorithm has a problem that all collided stations are treated equally regardless of their delay from previous contention periods. Some requests may have very long request delay caused by continuous collisions. In this paper, we propose an adaptive collision resolution algorithm for fast random access in broadband wireless networks. The design goal is to provide quick access to the request with a high number of collisions. To do this, the proposed algorithm separates the whole contention region into multiple sub regions and permits access through each sub region only to the requests with equal number of collisions. The sub region is adaptively created according to the feedback information of previous random access. By simulation, the proposed algorithm can improve the performance in terms of throughput, random delay and complementary distribution of random delay by its ability to isolate higher priorities from lower ones. We can notice the algorithm provides efficiency and random access delay in random access environment.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 2005

The range of hardware implementation increases in communication systems as high-speed processing is required for high data rate. In the broadband wireless access (BWA) system based on IEEE standard 802.16 the functions of higher part in the MAC layer to Provide data needed for generating MAC PDU are implemented in software, and the tasks from formatting MAC PDUs by using those data to transmitting the messages in a modem are implemented in hardware. In this paper, the interface hardware for efficient message exchange between MAC and PHY layers in the BWA system is designed. The hardware performs the following functions including those of the transmission convergence(TC) sublayer; (1) formatting TC PDU(Protocol data unit) from/to MAC PDU, (2) Reed-solomon(RS) encoding/decoding, and (3) resolving DL MAP and UL MAP, so that it controls transmission slot and uplink and downlink traffic according to the modulation scheme of burst profile. Also, it provides various control signal for PHY modem. In addition, the truncated binary exponential backoff (TBEB) algorithm is implemented in a subscriber station to avoid collision on contention-based transmission of messages. The VLSI architecture performing all these functions is implemented and verified in VHDL.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.53 no.9
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• pp.18-25
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• 2016

In D2D communications underlaying a multicell network, it is of primary importance to ensure coexistence of cellular links and D2D links with minimal interference. Therefore, resource allocation scheme for D2D links should be designed to limit the interference between cellular links and D2D links. In this paper, we propose an effective resource allocation scheme for multiple D2D links which share the uplink spectrum resource with cellular users in a multicell network. Under the assumption that the locations of users are known to the base station, the proposed scheme allocates cellular resources to D2D links, such that the interference between a cellular link and multiple D2D links is minimized. In particular, we compute two constants from the path loss model and then use the constants to protect both cellular and D2D links. Simulation results are provided to verify the performance of the proposed scheme.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.52 no.12
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• pp.10-21
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• 2015

Cellular Network assisted device-to-device (D2D) communication has been growing to reduce the overload of eNodeB and mitigate the frequency shortage. However, by sharing the uplink frequency resource with the cellular network, the interference between cellular and D2D is increased. In this paper, we propose the advanced receiver based on soft decision to reduce the interference between cellular and D2D. The proposed receiver can suppress and cancel the interference by calculating the unbiased estimation value of interference signal using minimum mean square error (MMSE) or interference rejection combing (IRC) receiver. The interference signal is updated using soft information expressed by log-likelihood ratio (LLR). We perform a system level simulation based on the 20-MHz bandwidth of the 3GPP LTE-A system. Simulation results show that the proposed receiver can improve SINR, throughput and spectral efficiency compared to conventional receivers.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.844-853
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• 2008

This paper describes the design of a FEM(Front End Module) having power detection function for mobile handset application. The designed FEM consists of a MMIC(Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits) power amplifier chip, SAW Tx filter and duplexer, diode power detector and stripline matching circuit. An LTCC(Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramics) technology is adopted for miniaturized FEM. The frequency band is $824{\sim}869$ MHz which is the uplink Tx band of the CDMA mobile system. The size of designed FEM is $7.0{\times}5.5{\times}1.5\;mm^3$, which is an ultra-small size even though the power detector circuit is included. All sub-components of FEM have been developed and measured in advance before being integrated into FEM. The measured output power and gain are 27 dBm and 27 dB, respectively. In addition, the measured ACPR characteristics are 46.59 dBc and 55.5 dBc at 885 kHz and 1.98 MHz offset, respectively.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 2002

The 25 Watt hybrid MIC SSPA has been developed in the frequency rang from 1.6265 GHz to 1.6465 GHz for uplink of INMARST's earth station. To simplify the fabrication process, the whole system is designed of two parts composed of a friving amplifier and a power amplifier. The Motorolas MRF-6401 is used for driving part, the Motorolas MRF-16006 and MRF-16030 is used the power amplifier. We reduced weight and volume of high power amplifier through arranging the bias circuits in the same housing. The realized SSPA has more than 30 dB for gain within 20 MHz bandwidth, and the voltage standing wave ratios(VSWR) of input and output port are less than 1.7, respectively. The output power of 44 dBm is achieved at the 1 dB gain compression point of 106365 GHz These results reveal a high power amplifier of 25 Watt which is the design target. The Proposed SSPA manufacture techniques in this paper can be applied to the implementation of high power amplifiers for some radars and SCPC.