• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.375-386
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• 2019

Objective: We hypothesized that silage additives may alter the undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) content through ensiling. Therefore, urea and formic acid were applied to corn, whole barley crop (WBC) and alfalfa to change uNDF content of the ensiled forages. Methods: Six experimental diets at two groups of high uNDF (untreated corn and alfalfa silages [CSAS] and untreated whole barley and alfalfa silages [BSAS]) and low uNDF (urea-treated corn silage+untreated alfalfa silage [$CS_UAS$], urea-treated whole barley silage+untreated alfalfa silage [$BS_UAS$], untreated corn silage+formic acid-treated alfalfa silage [$CSAS_F$], and untreated whole barley silage+formic acid-treated alfalfa silage [$BSAS_F$]), were allocated to thirty-six multiparous lactating Holstein dairy cows. Results: The untreated silages were higher in uNDF than additive treated silages, but the uNDF concentrations among silages were variable (corn silage0.05). Milk yield tended to increase in the cows fed high uNDF diets than those fed low uNDF (p = 0.10). The cows fed diet based on urea-treated corn silage had higher milk yield than those fed other silages (p = 0.05). The substitution of corn silage with the WBC silage tended to decrease milk production (p = 0.07). Changing the physical source of NDF supply and the uNDF content from the corn silage to the WBC silage caused a significant increase in ruminal $NH_3-N$ concentration, milk urea-N and fat yield (p<0.05). The cows fed diets based on WBC silage experienced greater rumination time than the cows fed corn silage (p<0.05). Conclusion: Administering additives to silages to reduce uNDF may improve the performance of Holstein dairy cows.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.64-70
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• 2024

The demand for safety certification of Light Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (LUAVs), weighing between 25kg and 150kg, is rapidly increasing in Korea. Unfortunately, the number of LUAV safety certification failures is also on the rise, with manufacturing quality issues being identified as the main culprit. However, there is a lack of quality system standards for manufacturers within the LUAV safety certification system. As a result, this paper aims to analyze the domestic safety certification system and the quality standards set by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) for small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS). The goal is to establish quality system inspection standards specifically tailored for LUAV manufacturers. To achieve this, we propose additional inspection items that reflect the characteristics of the manufacturing quality system. These items will be identified through on-site inspections of LUAV manufacturers, ensuring that the resulting quality system standard aligns with the actual situation of domestic manufacturers. In order to gauge the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed quality system standard, we conducted a survey of seven domestic LUAV manufacturers.

• BMB Reports
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• v.49 no.12
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• pp.693-698
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• 2016

In this study, a tissue-specific GAL4/UAS activation tagging system was used for the characterization of genes which could induce lethality when ubiquitously expressed. A dominant mutant exhibiting stunted growth was isolated and named defective root development 1-D (drd1-D). The T-DNA tag was located within the promoter region of AtTX12, which is predicted to encode a truncated nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) protein, containing a Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain. The transcript levels of AtTX12 and defense-related genes were elevated in drd1-D, and the misexpression of AtTX12 recapitulated the drd1-D phenotypes. In the presence of ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1 (EDS1), a key transducer of signals triggered by TIR-type NLRs, a low-level of AtTX12 misexpression induced strong defective phenotypes including seedling lethality whereas, in the absence of EDS1, a high-level of AtTX12 misexpression induced weak growth defects like dwarfism, suggesting that AtTX12 might function mainly in an EDS1-dependent and partially in an EDS1-independent manner.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.84-90
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• 2019

Objectives: Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a debilitating illness impairing seriously quality of life, while CFS would be an optimized target disorder of Korean medicine. This study aims to present the recent information especially in aspect of medical policy and new diagnosis criteria for CFS. Methods: The literature survey was conducted using the terms of "chronic fatigue syndrome", "myalgic encephalomyelitis" and "fibromyalgia" in PubMed database and Google database in its entirety from January 2011 to February 2019. The in-depth review was made focusing on the changes in policy and medical perspective for CFS. Results: Recently large medical attentions and researches for CFS have been existed worldwide. By supporting of USA government, IOM made a report which leaded to a turning point in clinical practices and research in 2015. This report recommended a new name of CFS to systemic exertion intolerance disease (SEID), and new diagnostic criteria focusing on post-exertional malaise, unrefreshing sleep, cognitive impairment and orthostatic intolerance. The medical perspective also was changed into "a serious, chronic, complex, systemic disease" from a psychological-like disorder, and then UAS and EU governments sharply increased the research grants. Conclusions: This study provided practitioners in Korean medicine (KM) a core information about the recent changes in CFS-related perspectives. This review would be helpful for KM-derived researches or therapeutics development for CFS.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.36 no.9
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• pp.867-873
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• 2008

Model based virtual Flight Control System construction is essential for Fly-by-Wire Flight Control System verification & validation(V&V) of concurrent engineering base. We researched the concept of dual-architecture system for virtual system construction, and analyzed Flight Control System that is applied to high altitude long endurance(HAE) UAS. Finally, we constructed the model based virtual Flight Control System with system analysis and achieved system verification about flight critical failure modes. Analysis target is RQ-4A.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.34-44
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• 2017

The use of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UASs) in the construction and agriculture industries continues to gain in popularity and use. Firms within these industries have begun to utilize UASs to perform many of the traditional processes and procedures, which can result in a reduction in total work force and costs needed for a task. However, as with any technology, there is a learning curve and UASs do change the way certain activities are completed. Due to this, there exist firms and individuals that have not or are not willing to invest in UASs yet. The objective of this study is to explore the applications of UASs in construction and agricultural industries to discuss the benefits, challenges, and reasons of investing in UASs. This paper conducted an in-depth literature review of current topics on UASs in construction and agriculture. Additionally, six expert interviews were conducted with individuals from construction and agricultural industries in the southeastern United States. Ultimately, this study successfully found several benefits and challenges to using UASs and discussed the reasons that some firms invest in UASs while other still do not.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.8-12
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• 2018

구문 분석이란 문장을 단어, 어절, 구 등의 구성 성분으로 분해하고 각각의 구조적 정보를 분석하여 문장의 구조를 알아내는 작업을 말한다. 최근 의존 구문 분석은 심층 신경망을 이용하는 방법이 활발히 연구되고 있다. 특히 포인터 네트워크를 사용하는 방법은 다른 심층 신경망보다 높은 성능을 보이고 있다. 그러나 포인터 네트워크의 사용만으로 의존 관계와 의존 관계명을 예측하는 것은 한계가 존재한다. 본 논문에서는 최근 사용하는 단어 표상 방법 별로 비교 실험을 진행하고 의존 구문 분석에서 GloVe의 성능이 가장 좋음을 보인다. 또한 언어 모델을 통한 단어 표상 방법인 ELMo와 멀티헤드 어텐션을 사용하여 포인터 네트워크만을 사용 했을 때보다 높은 성능(UAS 92.85%, LAS 90.65%)을 보였다.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.81-86
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• 2014

한국어 의존 파싱은 문장 내 단어의 지배소를 찾음으로써 문장의 구조적 중의성을 해소하는 작업이다. 지배소 후위 원칙은 단어의 지배소는 자기 자신보다 뒤에 위치한다는 원리로, 한국어 구문분석을 위하여 널리 사용되는 원리이다. 본 연구에서는 한국어 지배소 후위 원리를 의존 파싱을 위한 트랜지션 시스템의 제약 조건으로 적용하여 2가지 트랜지션 시스템을 제안한다. 제안 모델은 기존 트랜지션 시스템 중 널리 사용되는 arc-standard와 arc-eager 알고리즘에 지배소 후위 제약을 적용한 포워드(forward) 기반 트랜지션 시스템과, 트랜지션 시스템의 단점인 에러 전파(error propagation)를 완화시키기 위하여 arc-eager 알고리즘의 lazy-reduce 방식을 적용한 백워드(backward) 기반 트랜지션 시스템이다. 실험은 세종 구구조 말뭉치를 의존구조로 변환하여 실험하였고, 실험 결과 백워드 기반 트랜지션 시스템이 포워드 방식보다 우수한 성능을 보였다. 기존 연구와의 비교를 위하여 기존 연구를 조사하였지만 세부 실험 환경이 서로 달라서 직접적인 비교는 어려웠다. 제안하는 시스템의 최고 성능은 UAS 92.85%, LAS 90.82% 이다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.654-661
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• 2016

An unmanned aircraft refers to an aircraft which carries no human pilot and is operated under remote control or in autonomous operational mode. An unmanned aircraft system consist of a one system which include UAV(s), UAV control station and data link, etc. As the UAVs can perform the dull, dangerous and difficult missions, various kinds of UAVs with different sizes and weights have been developed and operated for both civil and military areas. It is important to develop the airworthiness certification criteria of the UAVs to minimize the risks of fatal impacts on human life and environment and to achieve the equivalent level of safety to the manned aircraft. Analysis of the KAS Part 23 and STANAG 4671 can provide guidelines for the generation of the airworthiness certification criteria for the UAVs in civil application.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

This is a comparative study of three inertia navigation units and focuses on the verification of reliability about GPS/INS for the SmartUAV(DGNS). Those GPS/INS have been tested using a manned aircraft and an automobile. The comparative aspect of units include details about the GPS positions and the inertia sensor performance. With the flight scenario, the DGNS guarantees the reliability of the navigation operation and performs the flight test for the development of the SmartUAV.