• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.87-122
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• 1998

This study reports on the Arbitration system in the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration commission (CIETAC) and the International Arbitration problems of Korea and China. The Chines laws including Arbitration laws are influenced by the civil Code system Particulary the German system. China is contracting state of the U N Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (1958 New York Convention), which became effective in the China April 22, 1987. International Commercial Arbitration is popular in China. CIETAC is the sole International Commercial Arbitration body in China. CIETAC has two sub-commissions, on is shen zhem S E Z and the other in shanghai. The CIETAC rules, are similar to the rules in effect in Countries using a civil Code system. Both an agreement to submit an existing dispute to Arbitration and an Arbitration clause in a contract relating to future disputes are recognizeal as valiad Arbitration agreements. CIETAC has the power to make a decision on disputes concering the validity of the Arbitration agreements, or jurisdiction over a specicific case.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.509-522
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• 2011

FRAPCON-3.4a and FRAPTRAN 1.4 are the most recent versions of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) steady-state and transient fuel performance codes, respectively. These codes have been assessed against separate effects data and integral assessment data and have been determined to provide a best estimate calculation of fuel performance. Recent updates included in FRAPCON-3.4a include updated material properties models, models for new fuel and cladding types, cladding finite element analysis capability, and capability to perform uncertainty analyses and calculate upper tolerance limits for important outputs. Recent updates included in FRAPTRAN 1.4 include: material properties models that are consistent with FRAPCON-3.4a, cladding failure models that are applicable for loss-of coolant-accident and reactivity initiated accident modeling, and updated heat transfer models. This paper briefly describes these code updates and data assessments, highlighting the particularly important improvements and data assessments. This paper also discusses areas of improvements that will be addressed in upcoming code versions.

• 연구논문집
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• 통권25호
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• pp.5-12
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• 1995

Mold platen are one of the most important structural components of the injection molding machine. Mold platen had been designed, and manufactured based on the experience and the method of trial and error. Recently, as the computer progress, the numerical simulation method using commercial finite element analysis code has been used to analyze the characteristics of components. It's a urgent problem to reduce the weight of mold platen while preserving the safety and reliability for the structual failure. Finite element analyses to establish basic design technologies and reducing the weight of mold platen were carried out. As result, we are obtained the about 10% reducing the weight for mold platen.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제47권7호
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• pp.924-933
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• 2015

The correlation of the isotopic composition of uranium, plutonium, neodymium, and cesium with the burnup for high burnup pressurized water reactor fuels irradiated in nuclear power reactors has been experimentally investigated. The total burnup was determined by Nd-148 and the fractional $^{235}U$ burnup was determined by U and Pu mass spectrometric methods. The isotopic compositions of U, Pu, Nd, and Cs after their separation from the irradiated fuel samples were measured using thermal ionization mass spectrometry. The contents of these elements in the irradiated fuel were determined through an isotope dilution mass spectrometric method using $^{233}U$, $^{242}Pu$, $^{150}Nd$, and $^{133}Cs$ as spikes. The activity ratios of Cs isotopes in the fuel samples were determined using gamma-ray spectrometry. The content of each element and its isotopic compositions in the irradiated fuel were expressed by their correlation with the total and fractional burnup, burnup parameters, and the isotopic compositions of different elements. The results obtained from the experimental methods were compared with those calculated using the ORIGEN-S code.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.52-58
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• 2020

Bellows are corrugated mechanical elements used to absorb displacements or vibrations caused by temperature changes, pressure, earthquakes, waves, etc., which are welded to flanges or directly connected to pipes. Expansion joint bellows must not only be designed to sufficiently withstand the internal pressure of the pipes but also accommodate axial, transverse, and rotational deformations to minimize the transfer of forces to the sensitive components of the system. Bellows have various types of corrugations, but U-type bellows are most commonly used in general piping systems. In this study, the behavior of U-shaped one-, two-, and three-ply bellows with the same inner diameter under pressure and forced displacement was analyzed using the finite element method. The results were compared with the design formula in the Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association (EJMA)'s code. Manufacturer data were used for the applied pressure and force displacement. The behavioral characteristics of the three cases were compared via structural analysis because the stress levels will be different for each model, even if they have the same inner diameter. Since the analytical model has an axisymmetric shape but displacement occurs in the transverse direction, the finite element model was composed of 1/2 of the whole model, and ANSYS Workbench 17.2 was employed for the analysis.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.20-26
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• 2021

오늘날의 시스템들은 더 빠른 실행 속도와 더 적은 전력 소모를 위해 하드웨어와 소프트웨어 요소를 함께 포함하고 있다. 기존 하드웨어 및 소프트웨어 공동 설계에서 소프트웨어와 하드웨어의 비율은 설계자의 경험적 지식에 의해 나뉘었다. 설계자들은 반복적으로 가속기와 응용 프로그램을 재구성하고 시뮬레이션하며 최적의 결과를 찾는다. 설계를 변경하며 반복적으로 시뮬레이션하는 것은 시간이 많이 소모되는 일이다. 본 논문에서는 에너지 효율적인 FPGA 가속기 설계를 위한 하드웨어 및 소프트웨어 공동 설계 플랫폼을 제안한다. 제안하는 플랫폼은 가속기를 구성하는 주요 성분을 변수화해 응용 프로그램 코드와 하드웨어 코드를 자동으로 생성하여 설계자가 적절한 하드웨어 비율을 쉽게 찾을 수 있도록 한다. 공동 설계 플랫폼은 Xilinx Alveo U200 FPGA가 탑재된 서버에서 Vitis 플랫폼을 기반으로 동작한다. 공동 설계 플랫폼을 통해 1000개의 행을 가지는 두 행렬의 곱셈 연산 가속기를 최적화한 결과 응용프로그램보다 실행 시간이 90.7%, 전력 소모가 56.3% 감소하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권9호
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• pp.2830-2838
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• 2021

This work deals with the assessment of the burnup capabilities of the Serpent Monte Carlo code to predict spent nuclear fuel (SNF) isotopic concentrations for low-enriched uranium (LEU) fuel at different burnup levels up to 47 MWd/kgU. The irradiation of six UO₂ experimental samples in three different VVER-1000 reactor units has been simulated and the predicted concentrations of actinides up to ²⁴⁴Cm have been compared with the corresponding measured values. The results show a global good agreement between calculated and experimental concentrations, in several cases within the margins of the nuclear data uncertainties and in a few cases even within the reported experimental uncertainties. The differences in the performances of the JEFF3.1.1, ENDF/B-VII.1 and ENDF/B-VIII.0 nuclear data libraries (NDLs) have also been assessed and the use of the newly released ENDF/B-VIII.0 library has shown an increased accuracy in the prediction of the C/E's for some of the actinides considered, particularly for the plutonium isotopes. This work represents a step forward towards the validation of advanced simulation tools against post irradiation experimental data and the obtained results provide an evidence of the capabilities of the Serpent Monte-Carlo code with the associated modern NDLs to accurately compute SNF nuclide inventory concentrations for VVER-1000 type reactors.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.575-591
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• 2020

Wind load is typically considered as one of the governing design loads acting on a structure. Understanding its nature is essential in evaluation of its action on the structure. Many codes and standards are founded on state of the art knowledge and include step by step procedures to calculate wind loads for various types of structures. One of the most accepted means for calculating wind load is using Gust Load Factor or base bending Moment Gust Load Factor (MGLF), where codes are adjusted based on local data available. Although local data may differ, the general procedure is the same. In this paper, ASCE 7-16 (2017), which is used as the main reference in the U.S., and Korean Building Code (KBC 2016) are compared in evaluation of wind loads. The primary purpose of this paper is to provide insight on each code from a structural engineering perspective. Herein, discussion focuses on where the two codes are compatible and differ. In evaluating the action of wind loads on a building, knowledge of the dynamic properties of the structure is critical. For this study, the design of four figurative high-rise buildings with dual systems was analyzed.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1303-1306
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• 2005

The mechanical properties of bellows, such as the extensibility and the strength can be changed depending on the shape. For the shipbuilding material, it is favorable that the fatigue life is long due to the elastic property and the reduction of thermal stress in piping system. Nowadays, the domestic production and design of bellows are based on the E.J.M.A Code. Therefore, the design standard is in need because of much errors and lack of detailed analysis. In this study, it is attempted to find out the optimal shape of U-type bellows using the finite element method. The effective factors, mountain height, length, thickness, and number of mountains and the length of joint are considered and the proper values are chosen for the simulation. The results shows that if the number of mountains are reduced, the volume decreases while the stress increases. However, the number of mountains are increased, the volume increases above the standard volume and the stress obviously increases. In addition, the effect of the thickness of bellows on the stress is very large. Both of the volume and stress are decreasing at a certain lower value region.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2009년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.231-235
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• 2009

According to flow of energy, the loss occurs through walls, roofs, windows and so on. Among these case, most of the loss that is about 45% occurs through windows. windows's U-value is six times higher than wall's one according to Building code, so the loss through windows accounts for very much rates. Currently, Exterior wall's U-value about building envelope is 0.35~0.58W/ mK, but windows's one is 3.3W/ mK. It means that the loss through windows occupy very much amounts relatively. Therefore, the solution is required to reduce energy loss and increasing displeasure caused by excessive influx of solar energy through windows, to solve the problems Like decoloration on indoor furniture an clothes by harmful ultraviolet rays, air conditioning and increased cost. Therefore, on this paper, Thermal Performance was evaluated through actual test about high insulation Super Window which can improve thermal performance and the Simulation result was compared with actual resul by using Simulation program WINDOW and THERM.