• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제36권7B호
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• pp.795-805
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• 2011

디지털 정보기술 및 네트워크 기술의 발전에 따라 방송을 중심으로 실감미디어를 활용한 실감형 서비스들이 출현하고 시장의 수요가 증가함에 따라 실감미디어 기술에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 실감콘텐츠의 제작 전송 기술 및 이를 서비스하는 산업을 통칭하여 실감미디어 산업이라고 한다. 실감미디어 산업은 교육, 건강, 여행, 공공 서비스 등 타 산업분야와 융복합을 통해 사업영역 확대가 용이하고 시장성이 높아 차세대 전략 산업으로 주목받고 있다. 실감미디어 산업의 주도권을 확보하기 위한 미국, 일본, 유럽 등 선진국의 노력이 가시화됨에 따라 우리 정부도 실감미디어 산업을 육성하기 위한 계획을 마련 중에 있다. 이처럼 실감미디어 산업은 미래 방송/통신산업과 콘텐츠산업을 아우르는 최첨단 융복합산업이며 차세대 국가성장동력의 핵심산업군으로 떠오르고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 실감미디어 산업의 경제적 파급효과를 계량적인 측면에서 분석하고 산업구조적 특성을 규명하기 위해 산업연관표를 이용하여 실감미디어 연관산업과 타 연계산업과의 관계를 분석하고자 하였다. 분석 결과 실감미디어 산업의 생산유발효과 및 부가가치유발효과, 고용유발효과는 각각 6,109억 원, 4,687억 원, 3,258명 등으로 나타났다.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.37-51
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• 2004

Objective : Recently scolopendrid aqua-acupuncture has been a good effect on pain control but it has not been known about clinical safety. The purpose of this study was to investigate acute toxicity of scolopendrid aqua-acupuncture. Method : In order to prove the clinical safety of scolopendrid aqua-acupuncture, We have observed a bacteriological examination and clinical pathology test after scolopendrid aqua-acupuncture treatment. Balb/c mice were injected intravenous with Scolopendrid aquaacupuncture treatment for $LD_{50}$ and acute toxicity test. We analyzed physical reaction(side effect)and clinical pathology test before and after Scolopendrid aqua-acupuncture treatment of mice and 20 patients suffering from pain, who admitted department of Acupunture and Moxibustion, College of Oriental Medicine, Won-Kwang University Kwangju hospital. Results : In the Blood agar plate and Nutrient agar plate, a bacteriological examination did not show a bacillus. In acute $LD_{50}$ toxicity test, there was no mortality thus unable to attain the value. Examining the toxic response in the acute toxicity test, there was no sign of toxication. In acute toxic test, running biochemical serum test couldn't yield any differences between the control and experiment groups. In the 20 patients treated with Scolopendrid aqua-acupuncture, hematologic test did not show remarkable change. In the 20 patients treated with Scolopendrid aqua-acupuncture, Liver function test(AST, ALT, ALP) showed a slight decrease on the contrary, and abnormal rate showed a decrease of 5.0% compared with previous study. Reanl function test(BUN, Cr) and abnormal rate showed a decrease of 5.0% compared with previous study. In the 20 patients treated with Scolopendrid aqua-acupuncture, Electrolyte were normal range before and after treatment. In the Urine analysis of 20 patients, Leukocyte, Protein, Glucose, Keton, Bilirubin, U-bilinogen were not detected before and after Scolopendrid aqua-acupuncture treatment, and the rest almost made no difference.

• 에너지공학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.553-559
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• 1999

1 T/D 급 습식 분류상 석탄가스화 장치를 이용하여 외국의 각종탄에 대한 가스화 실험을 통해, 1) 석탄가스화를 위한 적절한 탄종을 선정하고 , 2) 탄종에 따른 가스화 반응식 데이터베이스를 구축하며, 3) 가스화 반응기에서 예상되는 문제점을 사전에 제거하고, 4) 습식분류상 가스화기술에 대한 요소기술 및 운소기술 및 운전기술을 확보하므로서 향후 IGCC Plant 설계, 건설시에 시행착오를 줄이는데 크게 기여하고저 하였다. 가스화 실험을 위해 미국산 Cyprus 및 Alaska 탄이 사용되었으며 , 실험결과 Cyprus 및 Alaska 탄은 국내발전용 탄인역청탄 및 갈탄으로 비교적 반응성은 양호하였으며, slag 의 용융온도 또한 약 129$0^{\circ}C$로서 비교적 낮게 나타났다. 석탄슬러리 농도는 Cyprus 탄의 경우 58, 62 , 65 %로 유지하였으며 가스화장치에 공급하는데는 점도 상승에 따른 큰 문제점이 없었으나, Alaska 탄의 경우엔 수분함량이 많아 슬러리 제조 및 feeding 상의 문제점을 고려하여 58%로 운전하였으며 , 60%이상 슬러리 농도를 유지할수 없었다. O2 coal ratio는 0.6에서 1.2까지 유지하면서 운전하였으며 갈탄인 Alaska탄의 경우 수분함량이 많아 산소소모가 많은 것으로 나타났다. 두 탄종에 대한 가스화실험을 통해, 생성된 합성가스(H2+ CO)는 40-62% 로나타났으며 , 생성가스의 열량은 1, 400-2,050kcal/N㎥(HHV)로 분석되었다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.381-391
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• 1999

A new 5th generation adhesive system(ONE-STEP) has been supplied which operators can apply to conditioned tooth surfaces by one simplified step. The purpose of this study was to determine whether different methods of adhesive application and various air drying duration after applying adhesive affect the shear bond strength of composite resin to dentin, and to evaluate the adhesive pattern of composite resin and dentin under SEM. Seventy-seven extracted human molar teeth were cleaned and mounted in palstic test tubes. The occlusal dentin surfaces were exposed with Diamond Wheel Saw and smoothed with Lapping and Polishing Machine (South Bay Technology Co., U.S.A.). Teeth were randomly divided into 7 groups (n=11), In experimental A group, adhesive was applied to dentin with agitation for 20 sec. In experimental N-A group, adhesive were continuously applied to dentin for 20 sec. Also control and experimental 1, 2, 3, 4 groups were dried for 10, 0, 5, 20, 30 seconds after applying adhesive, respectively, Adhesives were light cured for 10 sec. A gelatin capsule 5mm in diameter was filled with Aelitefil$^{TM}$ composite resin, placed on the treated dentin surface and light cured for 40 see, from three sides, All specimens were stored in distilled water at room temperature for 24 hours. The shear bond strengths were measured using a universal testing machine(AGS-1000 4D, Japan) at a crosshead speed of 5mm/min. An one-way ANOVA and LSD test were used for statistical analysis of the data. For SEM evaluation, seven specimens were made and sectioned. Representive postfracture and seven specimens were mounted on brass stubs, sputter-coated with gold and observed under SEM. The results were as follows : 1. The shear bond strength of experimental A group which adhesive were applied to dentin with agitation was higher than that of experimental N-A group (continuous application), and there was significant difference between two groups (p<0.01). 2. The interface between composite and dentin according to different application methods showed close adaptation in experimental A group and showed tinny gap in experimental N-A group. 3. The shear bond strength accoding to various air drying duration was the lowest value(7.57${\pm}$2.60 MPa) in experimental 1 group, so there was significant difference between experimental 1 group and other four groups (p<0.05). But there was no significant difference of shear bond strength between four groups (p>0.05). 4. The interface between composite and dentin according to various air drying duration showed close adaptation in control group and tinny gap in experimental 3 and 4 groups. But experimental 1 and 2 groups showed $30{\mu}$ and 6 - $10{\mu}m$ thick gaps, respectively.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1011-1034
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• 1966

This thesis is the final report which has long been studied by the author to obtain the design basis for various hydrological constructions with the specific system suitable to the natural environmental conditions in Korea. This report is divided into two parts: one is to estimate runoff volume from watersheds and the other to estimate the peak discharge for a single storm. According to the result of observed runoff record from watersheds, it is known that Kajiyama formula is useful instrument in estimating runoff volume from watersheds in this country. But it has been found that this formula shows us 20-30% less than the actual flow. Therefore, when wihed to bring a better result, the watershed characteristics coefficient in this formula, that is, f-value, should be corrected to 0.5-0.8. As for the method to estimate peak discharge from drainage basin, the author proposes to classify it in two ways; one is small size watershed and the other large size watershed. The maximum -flood discharge rate $Q_p$ and time to peak Pt obtained from the observed record on the small size watershed are compared by various methods and formulas which are based upon the modern hydrological knowledge. But it was fou.d that it. was not a satisfied result. Therefore, the author proposes. tocomputate $Q_p$, to present 4.0-5.0% for the total runoff volume ${\Sigma}Q$.${\Sigma}Q$ is computed under the assumption of 30mm 103s in watershed per day and to change the theoritical total flow volume to one hour dura tion total flow rate when design daily storm is given. Time to peak Pt is derived from three parameters which are u,w,k. These are computed by relationship between total runoff volume (ha-m unit)and $Q_p$. (C.M.S. unit). Finally, the author checked out these results obtained from 51 hydrographs and got a satisfied result. Therefore the author suggested the model of design dimensionless unit-hydrograph. And the author believes that this model will be much available at none runoff record river site. In the large size watersheds in Korea when the maximum discharge occurs, the effective rainfall is two consequtive stormy days. So the loss in watershed was assutned as 6Omm/2days,and the author proposed 3-hour-daration hydrograph flow distribution percentage. This distribution percentage will be sure to form the hydrograph coordinate.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.277-281
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• 1998

일차원적 비균일 진폭변조가 광학계의 최적 상평면 상에서의 MTF에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 시험평가 렌즈는 국산 유효경 10mm, 초점거리 87.8mm인 이중렌즈를 택하였다. 시험렌즈의 수차특성은 축상과 시계각 $1^{\circ}$와 $2^{\circ}$인 비축에 대해 각각 ray-fan 과 파면수차를 계산하여 그림으로 도시하였다. 진폭변조는 시험렌즈 앞에 근접하여 진폭변조판을 위치함으로 이루어 진다. 진폭변조판은 계단식으로 투과도가 다른 것과 연속적으로 투과도가 변하는 것으로서 미국 Edmund사 제품을 사용하였다. 진폭변조하였을 때에 각각의 경우 60line/mm의 공간주파수에서 최대 MTF값을 가지는 상평면을 best of focus 로 결정하였다. 진폭변조의 경우와 변조하지 않은 경우에 대하여 MTFM를 측정해서 그 값을 서로 비교하였다. Gaussian 상평면 상에서 MTF를 측정하였을 때와는 상이한 결과가 나타났다. 축상에서는 변조할 경우에 MTF 값이 변조하지 않은 경우에 비해 고주파로 갈수록 증진되는 효과가 나타났으며 축외에서는 시계각 $1^{\circ}$에서는 다양한 결과가 나타나서 현저하게 증진되는 경우가 있는가 하면 오히려 감소하는 경우도 있다. 시계각 $2^{\circ}$에서는 변조할 경우에 MTF 값이 변조하지 않은 경우 보다 대체로 감소하여 역효과가 나타났고 고주파 부분에서 다소 증가하는 경우가 있으나 그 값 자체가 매우 작으므로 실용적인 가치가 적게 나타났다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.215-221
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• 2015

Chicken breast meat samples were injected with marinade solution (salt, sugar, phosphate, monosodium glutamate, and nucleic acid) with or without 2% citrus peel extract (CPE), and then a subset were irradiated with a 1 or 2 kGy electron beam (EB) and/or subjected to high-pressure (HP) at 300 or 400 MPa. The initial total aerobic bacterial (TAB) count of the control sample was 4.57 log CFU/g and reached 7.17 log CFU/g after 3 days of storage at $4^{\circ}C$. The 2 kGy EB reduced the TAB count to 4.61 log CFU/g after 7 days. The 400 MPa HP treatment was also effective in reducing the TAB count, but the effect was slightly less than that noted with the 2 kGy EB. The CPE, in combination with the EB and HP, decreased the TAB count by 1.71 and 1.32 log CFU/g at the initial stage and further decreased the count during storage. The 2 kGy EB and the HP (300 and 400 MPa) increased the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances value, whereas the CPE did not show an antioxidative effect. The EB and HP caused no difference in the sensory qualities. In contrast, the CPE decreased all sensory qualities tested. Sensory panelists commented that the samples with CPE were not in the "rejection" category but were "unfamiliar" for chicken breast meat. In conclusion, the EB was more effective than HP in improving the microbial quality of marinated chicken breast meat. The use of CPE in the marinade solution may synergistically increase the shelf life; however, it is necessary to develop an appropriate formulation to ensure that the sensory qualities are maintained.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2018

갯봄맞이는 한국에서 매우 제한적인 분포를 보여 멸종위기종으로 지정 보호되고 있다. 본 연구는 갯봄맞이의 남방한계지역에 해당하는 당사해안습지의 식생 다양성을 확인하고 식생결정 요인과 서식처 중요성을 평가하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 식생분류를 위해 Z.-M. 학파의 식물사회학적 방법을 활용하였으며, 환경요인과 식생과의 관계 분석을 위해 수리통계분석을 수행하였다. 연구결과 당사해안습지는 갯봄맞이-지채군락 (3개 하위군락), 갯꾸러미풀s.l.군락, 기장대 풀군락, 갈대-꼬마부들군락의 4개 단위식생으로 구성되어 있었다. 이들 식생의 주요 결정요인은 수분환경과 토심, 수위교란정도, 식생고, 군락구조 등인 것으로 확인되었다. 갯봄맞이는 갯봄맞이-지채군락의 전형아군집에서 가장 우세하게 생육하는 것으로 확인되었으며, 인접한 일본의 남방한계지역과도 유사한 종조성 및 우점상황을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 당사해안습지는 식물지리 및 식생지리학적 측면에서 큰 의미를 지니는 입지이며, 다양한 종의 피난처로서 기여하고 있는 것으로 평가되었다. 당사해안습지의 가치를 다양한 관점에서 정밀하게 파악하고 보호 및 관리하기 위한 보전전략의 수립이 요구된다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.218-223
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• 1997

과냉각액체구역(${\Delta}T_{x}=T_{x}-T_{g}$)을 갖는 $Fe_{80}P_{10}C_{6}B_{4}$ 조성에 천이금속(Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Co, Ni, Pd, Pt및 Cu)를 첨가하여 이들 원소가 유리화온도($T_{g}$), 결정화온도($T_{x}$) 및 과냉액체구역 (${\Delta}T_{x}$)에 미치는 영향에 \ulcorner여 조사하였다. $Fe_{80}P_{10}C_{6}B_{4}$ 합금의 ${\Delta}T_{x}$ 값은 27K였으나 이 합금에 Hf, Ta 및 Mo을 각각 4at%첨가하면 그 값이 40k 이상으로 증가하였다. 이같은 ${\Delta}T_{x}$ 값의 증가는 유리화온도($T_{g}$의 상승보다 결정화온도($T_{x}$)의 상승폭이 크기 때문이다. $T_{g}$ 및 $T_{x}$는 외각전자밀도(e/a)가 약 7.38에서 7.05로 감소할수록 상승하였다. e/a의 감소는 천이금속과 다른 구성원소(반금속)사이의 상호결합상태를 의미한다. 즉 $T_{g}$ 및 $T_{x}$의 상승은 강한 상호결합력에 기인하는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제8권
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• pp.183-207
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• 1981

Library standards have been the source of considerable controversy, whereas many problems are involved in developing stardard for university library collections. For evaluation purposes, standards should be precise, quantifiable and measurable. In the United States, however, standards for academic libraries are limited to qualitative statements and principles. Quantitative standards, when given, are ususally related to the number of population in the institution being served, or the prescribed quantitative objectives are often arbitrarily formulated by value judgements. The study in this paper attempts to explain the problems involved in developing quantitative standard for academic library collections. Two problems facing in the formulation of the optimal size of collection are identified. One is the theoretically faulty concept of adequacy of collection to meet the situations of diversity of university libraies, and the other is the difficulties in quantification and measurement, along with the lack of concept of adequacy of collection. However, quantification of adequate size of collection is proved to be useful on the pratical level, even though not valid theoretically. ACRL, Clapp/Jordan and Voigt developed formulas or models for setting the optimal size of a library collection for any particular university library. The main purpose of this study is the analysis of the above formulas. ACRL standard was drawn from obervation and analysis of statistcs in leading library collections. In academic field, this judgement appears to have been based on the assumption that a high-grade institution would be apt to have a good library collection. This study criticizes ACRL standard for its failure to include some determinants of measurements, and points out the limitations of the standard. In contrast. Clapp/Jordan developed a formula rather scientifically based upon bibliographical sources. This is similarly empirical but has the advantage of bringing into play the elements which make universities diverse in nature. Both ACRL and Clapp/Jordan formulas share two major defects. (1) the specific subject needs of the collection are not indiacted directly, and (2) percentage rate of growth is an indicator in measuring the potential utility of a collection. Thus both formulas failed to provide a basis for meaningful evaluation. Voigt further developed a model for determining acquisition rates for currently published materials based on bibliographic technique. Voigt model encourages experimentation with different programs and different allocations of input resources, designed to meet the needs of the library's particular population. Standard for university library collections can be formulated in terms of input(traditional indicator), or additionally, in terms of output(cost-effectiveness). Cost effectiveness is expressed as user satisfaction, ability to provide wanted materials within a reasonable time period. Thus simple quantitative method does not cover all the situations of diversity of university library collections, nor measures the effectiveness of collections. Valid standard could not be established without further research.