• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.243-251
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• 2003

In this paper, a new model for mobile soccer robot, a type of linear system, is presented. A controller, consisting of two loops the one of which is the inner state feedback loop designed for stability and plant be well conditioned and the outer loop is a well-known PI controller designed for tracking the reference input, is suggested. Because the plant, the soccer robot, is parameter dependent, it requires the controller to be insensitive to the parameter variation. To achieve this objective, the pole-sensitivity as a pole-variation with respect to the parameter variation is defined and design algorithms for state-feedback controllers are suggested, consisting of two matrices one of which is for general pole-placement and other for parameter insensitive. This paper shows that the PI controller is equivalent to the state feedback and the cost function for reference tracking is equivalent to the LQ cost. By using these properties, we suggest a tuning procedure for the PI controller. We that the control algorithm in this paper, based on the linear system theory, is well work by simulation, and the LPD system modeling and control are more easy treatment for soccer robot.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.49
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• pp.137-154
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• 1999

This study was designed to unify two types -traditional and western- of wedding dress in one and to develop new wedding dress which can be used to wedding ceremony as well as Pae-Bae(Greeting) as an alternative for the modernistic utilization of traditional wedding dress. The wedding dress for a bride and bridegroom was developed to be used not only for wedding ceremony but also for engagement. The children's dress which can be worn for carrying flowers in front of a bride and a bridegroom was also developed. All six dresses two of each for a bride and a bridegroom one of each for a body and a girl were developed from the review of literature and photos to be introduced traditional wedding dress. The results were as follows: 1. The Korean characteristics in the developed dress were expressed well in the curves straight lines oblique lines and cracks. 2. The traditional symbolic meanings were expressed by using the pattern which was on traditional wedding dress. Changes from five original colors -red, blue, yellow, white, black- to pastel colors also could modernize the dress. 3. The Korean characteristics could be effectively expressed in dying techniques and piling -up by using hand-made silk and No-Bang, 4. The children's dress for a ceremony was re-established to modernized design with traditional beauty. 5. The expenses could be saved practically because the dress was developed for wedding ceremony as well as for engagement.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.138-141
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• 2007

Objectives : Well differentiated thyroid carcinoma(WDTC) has relatively good prognosis. But recurrence is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, and always results in reoperation. So it is important to evaluate the risk factors relative to the recurrence. The aim of this study is to evaluate the risk factors of recurrence. Materials and Method : Two hundred seventeen patients who had undergone thyroidectomy and proved as WDTC from January 1999 to December 2004 was included in the study. We reviewed patient-related and tumorrelated factors respectively and analyzed the correlation with tumor recurrence. Results : Fourteen patients from two hundreds seventeen had recurred. Recurrence rate was 6.5%, and average interval of recurrence was 28 month. Male, age over 45, multiple mass, and advanced TMN stage patient group show higher recurrence rate, but no statistical significance. However, the recurrence rate of lymph node metastasis, tumor size>1.5cm, and extracapsular invasion group were statistically high. Conclusion : Lymph node metastasis, tumor size and extracapsular invasion are significant risk factors related to the recurrence of WDTC.

• Architectural research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.95-102
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• 2013

The study establishes the analytical frame composed of 22 items according to the category of passageway, shop, entrance and amenity for the purpose of executing the empirical investigation of the Underground Public Pedestrian Facilities in Daegu Metropolitan City of Korea. As a result of the research work, the study finds out some problems about the facilities as follows: (1) Passageway elements - the skylight was constructed only in one place. In contrast, the standards of passageway and plaza were well-fulfilled except for one or two cases. (2) Shop elements - the cases of installing shops where they should not be located were found the most, and a case of over-establishing the shop area was found as well. (3) Entrance elements - the cases not matching roof or canopy standard over entrance facilities were found the most. Overall, the entrances and their connection to the adjacent buildings are appraised as not well-established. (4) Amenity elements - these were appraised as insufficient in all except two cases. Regarding this, not only necessary are the establishment of facilities and the effort of facility managers, but also urgent is the institutional improvement.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.40-44
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• 2011

Nuclear energy in Korea began in 1958, when the Korea's atomic energy act was formulated and the relevant organizations were founded. Since then, notwithstanding the two catastrophe like TMI and Chernobyl accident, Korea made a wise decision to expand the peaceful uses of the nuclear energy as well as to localize the essential nuclear design technology of fuel and nuclear steam supply system. This decision resulted in the success of export of nuclear power plants as well as research reactor in 2010s. The Korea's nuclear policy, which well utilized 'international crisis in nuclear business' as 'opportunity of Korea to get. nuclear technology', is believed nice policy as a role model of nuclear new-comer countries. Based upon the success story of localization of nuclear technology, Korea had an eye for a niche market, which was a basis of development of SMART, Korea-made integral PWR. The operation of a SMART plant can sufficiently provide not only electricity but also fresh water for 100,000 residents. Last two years, Korea's nuclear industry team led by the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute completed the standard design of SMART and applied to the Korea's regulatory body for standard design approval. Now the Korea's licensing authority is reviewing the design with the relevant documents, and the design team is doing its best to realize its hope to get the approval by the end of this year. From next year, the SMART business including construction and export will be explored by the KEPCO consortium.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.3-3
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• 2001

Two companies plating baths were selected for plating on phenol and epoxy resin boards as well as on flexible p polyimide boards. After plating, deposited i&IIk&.ness al1d physical properties, as well as solder wettabilities by aging with $150^{\circ}C$ heating and 100% humidity were compared. After plating and aged with two different tin baths, deposited thickness and physical properties were not so great differences, but solder wettabilities were superior used polymer catalyst than the other. Furthermore depend upon the compactness and fineness of metallic sturctures of the base copper, the amounts of the plated copper were big differel1lces. These differences seems to be inherited from the kind and amount of additives. as well as current densities, which are influences upon structures of Copper layers. Generally the tin thickness are hetween 0.5 to $1.0\mu\textrm{m}$ and thicker the solder wettabilities are the better, and also me compact structures of deposits showed gooo soidierabiiities. In this study, with our own deveiotaedl plating equipment could get more than $0.5\mu\textrm{m}$ of till thickness and piating speed was $0.1\mu\textrm{m}$ per minutes.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.588-598
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• 2020

An alternative state estimation filtering algorithm is designed for continuous time systems with noises as well as control input. Two kinds of estimation filters, which have different measurement memory structures, are operated selectively in order to use both filters effectively as needed. Firstly, the estimation filter with infinite memory structure is operated for a certain continuous time system. Secondly, the estimation filter with finite memory structure is operated for temporarily uncertain continuous time system. That is, depending on the presence of uncertainty, one of infinite memory structure and finite memory structure filtered estimates is operated selectively to obtain the valid estimate. A couple of test variables and declaration rule are developed to detect uncertainty presence or uncertainty absence, to operate the suitable one from two kinds of filtered estimates, and to obtain ultimately the valid filtered estimate. Through computer simulations for a continuous time aircraft engine system with different measurement memory lengths and temporary model uncertainties, the proposed state estimation filtering algorithm can work well in temporarily uncertain as well as certain continuous time systems. Moreover, the proposed state estimation filtering algorithm shows remarkable superiority to the infinite memory structure filtering when temporary uncertainties occur in succession.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.60-65
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• 2010

Although two dimensional axi-symmetric modeling is useful for calculating the residual stresses of a cylindrical weldment such as a core barrel, this conventional axi-symmetric modeling can not express the behavior of shrinkage well in the locally heated weld zone. New technique of two dimensional axi-symmetric modeling using a virtual fixture is suggested to simulate the behavior of dimensional changes in the weld zone during the heating period of the welding. The virtual fixture in the model has a role to restrain the expansion of the high temperature heated region, which simulates equivalent intrinsic restraint effect of the weldment. In the restraint condition of the virtual fixture above the critical yield strength, the calculated shrinkages by using the suggested axi-symmetric model agreed well with those measured in a welded mock-up. The calculated residual stresses by using the suggested axi-symmetric model also agreed well with those calculated by using conventional axi-symmetric model which has beenused for calculating residual stresses in the weldment.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2013.01a
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• pp.391-396
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• 2013

As the construction environment has been changing all the times, the techniques for managing the construction projects have been improved accordingly. The schedule management technique, one of the construction management tools, has been evolved as well in order to be adaptable to new construction environment. Most of newly proposed scheduling techniques have been based on the Critical Path Method (CPM) that was proposed in 1956. The CPM is classified into two categories, Arrow Diagramming Method (ADM) and Precedence Diagramming Method (PDM). ADM is so good in the visual format but it cannot express the overlapping relationships between two consecutive activities. On the other hand, PDM can express the overlapping relationships but it is unsatisfactory in the visual format. Recently, as the construction environment becomes more complex and the role of schedule management becomes more and more important, the overlapping expression becomes one of critical factors for scheduling as well. Most of construction project participants prefer more comfortable visual format, however, the scheduling software based on the PDM cannot satisfy their basic requirement. Beeliner, new scheduling software based on the Beeline Diagramming Method (BDM) that was proposed in 2010, was developed in 2012, it can express more flexible overlapping relationships and has superior visual format as well. This paper presents major features and applications of Beeliner, and makes construction professionals understand new scheduling concept and its applications.

• Journal of Daesoon Thought and the Religions of East Asia
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.55-70
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• 2024

This study presents and examines various ethical theories that could offer potential solutions to the issue of discrimination against non-human animals in contemporary society, and traces its implications for Korean religions. The article focuses on two normative ethical theories - virtue ethics and the ethics of care - and through an analysis of existing research, argues that both theories may serve as foundational principles guiding our behavior, not only in our interactions with other humans but also in our treatment of non-human animals. Furthermore, the examples presented in this study demonstrate that similar ethical theories have already been adopted as frameworks for human behavior towards other living beings within two religious traditions, Buddhism and Daesoon Jinrihoe. In both belief systems, animals are acknowledged as integral components of the world in which we live. Additionally, both religions endorse the idea that the well-being of non-human animals and our attitudes toward them can also have a direct impact on our present lives, as well as on our future existence. Consequently, promoting morally upright conduct towards other living creatures should be viewed as a necessary measure, beneficial not only for the animals themselves but also for the collective well-being of humanity.