• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.194-200
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• 2010

Purpose: There is no consensus regarding the relationship between the width of keratinized mucosa and the health of periimplant tissues, but clinicians prefer to provide enough keratinized mucosa around dental implants for long-term implant maintenance. An apically positioned flap during second stage implant surgery is the chosen method of widening the keratinized zone in simple procedures. However, the routine suture techniques used with this method tend to apply tension over the provisional abutments and decrease pre-existing keratinized mucosa. To overcome this shortcoming, a pre-fabricated implant-retained stent was designed to apply vertical pressure on the labial flap and stabilize it in a bucco-apical direction to create a wide keratinized mucous zone. Methods: During second stage implant surgery, an apically displaced, partial thickness flap with a lingualized incision was retracted. A pre-fabricated stent was clipped over the abutments after connecting to the provisional abutment. Vertical pressure was applied to displace the labial flap. No suture was required and the stent was removed after 10 days. Results: A clinically relevant amount of keratinized mucosa was achieved around the dental implants. Buccally displaced keratinized mucosa was firmly attached to the underlying periosteum. A slight shrinkage of the keratinized zone was noted after the healing period in one patient, but no discomfort during oral hygiene was reported. Clinically healthy gingiva with enough keratinized mucosa was achieved in both patients. Conclusions: The proposed technique is a simple and time-effective technique for preserving and providing keratinized tissue around dental implants.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.102-108
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• 2009

목적: 슬관절의 후방 및 후외측 불안정성을 동종 아킬레스건 1개를 나누어 동시에 재건하는 수술 방법을 보고하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 슬관절의 후방 및 후외측 불안정성으로 수술받은 42명(45예)을 조사하였다. 남자 38명, 여자 4명이었고, 평균 나이는 39세였다. 수술 방법은 이식건으로 동종 아킬레스건을 2:1 넓이로 나누어 큰 것은 (${\emptyset}$ 10 mm) 후방십자인대, 작은 것은 (${\emptyset}$ 8 mm)은 후외측 재건술에 사용하였다. 먼저 후방십자인대에 대하여 관절경적으로 10 mm 신선 동결 동종 아킬레스건을 이용하여 후방십자인대 잔유물을 보존한 채로 경경골 접근법, 단일절개, 단일가닥방법으로 재건술을 시행하였으며, 후외측 불안정성에 대해서는 작은 이식건을 사용하여 변형된 8자 모양으로 고정하여 외측부 인대 및 슬와비골 인대를 재건하였다. 평균 추시 기간은 25개월이었다. 임상적 평가는 운동범위, 후방전위검사, 내반 부하 검사, 복와위 외회전(dial) 검사, Lysholm 점수와 Tegner 점수 및 후방전위 방사선검사로 평가하였다. 평균 추시기간은 25개월 이었다. 결과: 후방 전위 검사에서 수술 전 Grade II 5예, Grade III 40예, 추시관찰 시 정상 22예, Grade I 18예, Grade II 5예로 호전되었다. Dial 및 내반 부하 검사는 수술 전 45예 모두 양성에서 수술 후 36예에서 정상, 9예에서 양성을 보였다. 수술 후 10도 이상 굴곡제한을 보이는 경우가 3예 있었으나 나머지는 모두 정상 관절 운동 범위를 보였다. Lysholm 점수는 수술 전 평균 50점에서 수술 후 83점으로 호전되었다(p<0.05). Tegner 활동 점수는 수술 전 평균 2.1에서 수술 후 4.6점으로 호전되었다. (p<0.05). 슬관절 90도 굴곡위에서 시행한 후방 긴장 방사선 소견상 수술 전 평균 16 mm에서 수술 후 4.1 mm로 호전되었다. (p<0.05). 후방 전위 검사, 내반 부하 검사, dial 검사 등의 임상적 검사와 방사선 사진에서 후방 전위 정도를 비교하였을 때 모든 환자에서 수술 전보다 나은 결과를 보였다. 결론: 슬관절의 만성 후방 및 후외측 불안정성을 동종 신선 동결 아킬레스건을 이용하여 동시에 재건해 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.378-385
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• 2020

Background: The thoracic paravertebral block is an effective analgesic technique for postoperative pain management after breast surgery. The ultrasound-guided retrolaminar block (RLB) is a safer alternative to conventional paravertebral block. Thus, we assessed the analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided RLB for postoperative pain management after breast surgery. Methods: Patients requiring breast surgery were randomly allocated to group C (retrolaminar injection with saline) and group R (RLB with local anesthetic mixture). The RLB was performed at the level of T3 with local anesthetic mixture (0.75% ropivacaine 20 mL + 2% lidocaine 10 mL) under general anesthesia before the skin incision. The primary outcome was cumulative morphine consumption using intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) at 24 hour postoperatively. The secondary outcomes were the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at 1, 6, 24, and 48 hour postoperatively and the occurrence of adverse events and patient satisfaction after the surgery. Results: Forty-six patients were included, 24 in group C and 22 in group R. The cumulative morphine consumption using IV-PCA did not differ between the two groups (P = 0.631). The intraoperative use of remifentanil was higher in group C than in group R (P = 0.025). The resting and coughing VAS scores at 1 hour postoperatively were higher in group R than in group C (P = 0.011, P = 0.004). The incidence of adverse events and patient satisfaction was not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions: A single injection of ultrasound-guided RLB did not reduce postoperative analgesic requirements following breast surgery.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.408-414
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• 2011

Purpose: To correct breast ptosis, reduction mammoplasty and mastopexy have been developed in a way that minimizes complications. Recently, as the mean age of breast cancer occurrence is decreasing, the need for breast reconstruction in patients with breast cancer is rising. If mastopexy is performed with breast reconstruction at the same time, the size of the normal breast and the new one is not quite different. We decided to apply Z-plasty, which is a widely-used technique in plastic surgery to lengthen or change the direction of tension of the tissue. Methods: From March 2008 to December 2009, we performed breast reconstruction in 6 patients with breast cancer and scar contracture. After breast reconstruction, mastopexy with Z-plasty was applied to correct the asymmetry. The new nipple-areolar complex is placed on the line connecting the midclavicle and the current nipple. The inferior border of the new areola corresponds with the inferior border of the original areola, and the superior border about 2 cm upward the original superior border. We drew two oblique lines connecting the medial end of the incision line lower to the nipple-areola complex and the lateral end of the inframammary fold for Z-plasty. The excess tissue between these two lines was removed and the new triangular flaps were put together. Results: The average age of patients was 42.6 years, aged from 36.1 to 48.1 The weight of removed tissue was between 54g and 95 g, with the mean of 74 g. The average distance from the midclavicle to the nipple was 24 cm before surgery, and 21 cm after the surgery. The average operation time per patient (1 mastopexy) was 45 minutes, and the patients were satisfied with the size and shape. Conclusion: Applying Z-plasty for the mastopexy on the normal breast ptosis is a relatively simple way to achieve symmetry in patients who need breast reconstruction.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.710-718
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• 2009

배경: Cox maze 수술은 거의 20년 가까이 심방세동의 표준적인 외과적 치료방법으로 이용되었다. 최근 저자들은 Cox maze 수술에서 대부분의 절개선을 양극고주파전극(Cox maze IV procedure)으로 대치하였다. 저자들은 지속성 심방세동의 수술적 치료에 양극고주파전극을 이용한 Cox maze 수술의 결과를 조사하고 절개-봉합법을 이용한 Cox maze III 수술의 결과와 비교하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2005년 4월부터 2007년 7월까지 40명의 환자가 양극고주파전극으로 Cox maze 수술을 받았다. 그 결과를 절개-봉합법으로 수술 받은 35예의 결과와 비교하였다. 모두 다른 심장수술과 함께 심방세동 수술을 받았으며, 수술 후 1내지 2개월마다 추적 조사하였다. 결과: 수술 후 6개월에 정규리듬의 전환율은 양극고주파전극방법과 절개-봉합방법 사이에 차이가 없었고(95.0%/97.1%, p=1.0), 마지막 추적시간까지 정규리듬 전환율도 차이가 없었다(92.5%/91.6%, p=1.0). 다변량 분석(Cox-regression)으로 양극고주파군에서 심방세동의 지속 및 재발의 위험인자는 수술 후 좌심방의 내경이었고(hazard ratio 31, p=0.005), 양군 전체의 환자에서 수술 후 심방세동의 지속 및 재발의 위험인자(Cox-regression)는 수술 6개월에 심방세동의 출현(hazard ratio 92.24, p=0.003)과 수술 후 좌심방의 내경(hazard ratio 16.05, p=0.019)이었다. 대동맥차단시간과 체외순환시간은 양극고주파전극군에서 더 짧았다. 결론: Cox maze 수술 시 양극고주파전극의 사용은 절개-봉합법과 같이 우수한 정규리듬 전판율을 보이며, 수술 후 좌심방의 크기가 심방세동의 지속 및 재발에 영향을 주는 독립인자였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.254-259
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• 2010

배경: 만성 폐색전증은 초기에 비특이적인 증상으로 인해 진단이 쉽지 않을 뿐만 아니라 국내에서도 흔한 질환이 아니므로 보고된 예도 적다. 본 연구에서는 만성 폐색전증 환자에서 폐동맥 내막절제술의 수술결과를 후향적인 방법으로 분석해보았다. 대상 및 방법: 1996년부터 2008년까지 만성 폐색전증으로 본원에서 수술받았던 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 만성적인 호흡곤란을 주소로 내원한 환자들은 심초음파, 흉부 전산화 촬영, 폐 관류스캔을 이용하여 진단하였다. 결과: 7예의 환자에서는 정중흉골 절개술로, 1예는 좌측 후측방 절개술을 통해 접근하였다. 4예에서는 극저체온 순환 정지하에, 3예는 심실 세동하에, 1예는 심정지하에 폐동맥 내막절제술을 시행하였다. 술후 평균 폐동맥 수축기 혈압은 술 전 $78.9{\pm}14.5\;mmHg$에서 $45.6{\pm}17.6\;mmHg$로 의미 있게 감소하였고(p=0.000) 삼첨판 부전증 정도는 Grade II 이하였다. 조기사망은 2예가 있었으며 그 중 1예는 폐동맥 고혈압이 지속되면서 우 심부전이 호전되지 않아 결국 사망한 경우였다. 결론: 만성 폐색전증의 예후는 아주 불량한 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 조기에 적절한 진단과 우 심부전이 심해지기 전에 적절한 수술적인 치료를 한다면 향후 환자의 삶의 질을 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.14-20
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• 1999

Purpose: Despite of the popular use of the reconstruction plate for the fixation of clavicular shaft fractures, some disadventages have been raised such as long period of immobilization, long skin incision, loosening of plate and screws, and increased chance of nonunion due to severe periosteal injury. Thus, the authors have performed intramedullary multiple Steinmann pins fixation that could reduce the disadvantages of plate fixation in order to compare the treatment results between the two groups. Materials & Methods: From 1994. Jan. to 1997. Dec. the department of orthopaedic surgery of the Kwak's hospital treated operatively for 56 cases of the clavicular shaft fractures in adult. 39 cases of them were treated with the plate fixation and 17 cases with the intramedullary multiple Steinmann pins fixation(SP group). Reconstruction plates(Plate group) were used for 26 out of 39 patients treated with plate fixation. Among the Plate group and SP group, each 15 cases were selected by age and sex and compared each other according to the bone union time, union rate, complication, and functional results. The follow-up period was 12 months at the shortest and 48 months at the longest and the average was 16 months. Results: The Plate group showed that the bone union time was 7 weeks and the bone union rate was 93%. The SP group showed 6.5 weeks and 100% respectively. In complication, the Plate group had 1 case of loosening of plate and screws and delayed union; SP group had 1 case of pin migration. The functional results according to Kang's criteria, 87% of the Plate group and 93% of the SP group showed good or excellent. Conclusion : The SP group showed very comparable results in terms of the bone union time, bone union rate, complication, and functional results comparing to the Plate group. The intramedullary multiple Steinmann pins fixation showed several advantages over the reconstruction plate fixation, which were simple operative technique, easy removal of pins, being able to perform immediate postoperative full range of motion exercise. Therefore, the intramedullary multiple Steinmann pins fixation is thought to be one of the useful operative techniques in treatment of the clavicular shaft fractures in adult.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.572-579
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• 2015

Background Facial rejuvenation can be achieved using a variety of techniques. Since minimally invasive procedures for face lifting have become popular because of their convenience and short operating time, numerous minimally invasive surgical procedures have been developed. In this study, a nonabsorbable polypropylene mesh is introduced as a new face lifting instrument, with the nasolabial fold as the main target area. In this paper, we report the efficacy and safety of a polypropylene mesh in midface rejuvenation. Methods Thirty-three subjects with moderate-to-severe nasolabial folds were enrolled from two medical institutions for a noncomparative single-sample study. A mesh was inserted above the superficial muscular aponeurotic system layer, reaching the nasolabial folds through a temporal scalp incision. After 3 weeks, the temporal end of the mesh was pulled to provide a lifting effect. Then, the mesh was fixed to the deep temporal fascia using nonabsorbable sutures. To evaluate efficacy, we compared the scores on the Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale and a visual analog scale for patient satisfaction between the baseline and 7 weeks postoperatively. In addition, we evaluated safety based on the incidence of adverse events. Results The treatment was deemed effective at improving wrinkles in 23 of 28 cases, and patient satisfaction improved significantly during the study period. There were seven cases of skin or subcutaneous tissue complications, including edema and erythema, but there were no suspected serious adverse events. Conclusions Face lifting using a nonabsorbable mesh can improve nasolabial folds without serious adverse effects. Thus, this technique is safe and effective for midface rejuvenation.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.243-247
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• 2013

Introduction: Surgical treatment of subclavian artery (SA) injury is challenging because approaching the lesion directly and clamping the proximal artery is difficult. This can be overcome by using an endovascular technique. Case 1: A 37-year-old male was drawn into the concrete mixer truck. He had a right SA injury with multiple traumatic injuries: an open fracture of the right leg with posterior tibial artery (PTA) injury, a right hemothorax, and fractures of the clavicle, scapula, ribs, cervical spine and nasal bone. The injury severity score (ISS) was 27. Computed tomography (CT) showed a 30-mm-length thrombotic occlusion in the right SA, which was 15 mm distal to the vertebral artery (VA). A self-expandable stent($8mm{\times}40mm$ in size) was deployed through the right femoral artery while preserving VA flow, and the radial pulse was palpable after deployment. Other operations were performed sequentially. He had a viable right arm during a 13-month follow-up period. Case 2: A 25-year-old male was admitted to our hospital due to a motorcycle accident. The ISS was 34 because of a hemothorax and open fractures of the mandible and the left hand. Intraoperative angiography was done through a right femoral artery puncture. Contrast extravasation of the SA was detected just outside the left rib cage. After balloon catheter had been inflated just proximal to the bleeding site, direct surgical exploration was performed through infraclavicular skin incision. The transected SA was identified, and an interposition graft was performed using a saphenous vein graft. Other operations were performed sequentially. He had a viable left arm during a 15-month follow-up period. Conclusion: The challenge of repairing an SA injury can be overcome by using an endovascular approach.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.103-108
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• 2006

목적: 원위부 위아전절제술 후 원형문합기를 이용한 위십이지장 문합술은 안정성과 간편함, 신속성 등 여러 장점으로 인해 점점 그 선호도가 증가되고 있다. 이에 기계문합술 후 발생할 수 있는 합병증의 고찰을 통해 이 술식의 안전성을 위해 보완해야 될 점을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1998년 1월부터 2004년 12월까지 위암으로 근치적 원위부 위아전절제술 후 원형문합기를 이용하여 위십이지장 문합술을 시행한 594명을 대상으로 하였다. 문합부위의 출혈유무를 육안으로 확인하기 시작하였던 2001년 1월을 기점으로 그 이전을 제1군(n=219), 그 이후를 제2군(n=375)으로 분류하여 각 군 간의 임상적 특징과 문합부와 관련된 술후 합병증을 비교하였다. 결과: 두 군 간 합병증 비교에서, 문합부의 누출은 제1군이 4예(1.8%), 제2군이 3예(0.8%) 발생하였고(P=0.196), 문합부 협착은 두 군 모두 발생하지 않아 두 군 간 차이는 없었다. 출혈은 제1군이 43예(19,6%), 제2군이 2예(0.5%)로 제1군에서 많게 나타났다(P=0.019). 결론: 위암 환자의 원위부 위아전절제술 후 원형문합기를 이용한 위십이지장 문합술은 이 술식이 갖는 여러가지 장점으로 권장되는 술식이나, 문합부 출혈이 중요한 문제점으로 지적될 수 있어 술 중 문합부 출혈 유무를 육안적으로 확인하는 것이 기계문합법의 안전성을 향상시킬 수 있으리라 생각한다.