• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 상업용 아임센서터치 전자칠판(Interactive Whiteboard System, IWB)을 소개한다. 이 시스템은 손가락이나 펜을 이용하여 접촉식 상호작용이 가능한 화이트보드 스크린을 통해 개인용 컴퓨터를 운용할 수 있도록 도와주는 인터페이스(Interface)이다. 제안된 인터페이스는 윈도우즈 운영체제와 상호작용하며, 온도와 조명의 변화에 적응적으로 동작한다. 제안된 시스템은 카메라에서 입력된 수광부(Optical Receptive Field)의 영상을 참조영상과 비교하여 차이를 계산하고, 그 차이를 이용하여 터치스크린의 좌표값을 계산한다. 계산된 좌표값을 기반으로 윈도우즈 마우스 이벤트를 생성하여 윈도우즈시스템으로 전달한다. 우리는 참조영상을 갱신하기 위해 두 개의 스레드(Thread)을 이용한 임계영역을 구현하고, 차이계산의 신뢰성을 위해 적응적 임계값을 이용한 참조영상의 갱신을 구현한다. 제안된 터치스크린 인터페이스를 장착한 전자칠판 시스템은 향후 국내외 시장의 성장률이 높아 전도유망한 상품이며, 시장성이 밝을 것으로 기대한다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.649-654
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• 2011

Purpose: Split-or full-thickness skin grafts are used to reconstruct palmar skin and soft tissue defects after trauma or to release burn scar contracture on the hand. Glabrous skin defects should be substituted with similar skin to preserve function and aesthetics. The authors report their experiences with a technique that uses a full-thickness graft taken from glabrous skin on the ulnar edge of the palm for the reconstruction of soft tissue defects of the hand. Methods: During a three-year period from 2007 to 2010, 22 patients with burn scar contracture and 12 patients with post-traumatic skin defects on their hands were treated with full-thickness skin graft operations. The palmar skin and soft tissue defects after release of burn scar contracture or debridement of post-traumatic wounds were reconstructed with full-thickness skin grafts harvested from the ulnar border of their palms. All donor-site wounds were primarily closed. Results: The followup periods ranged from 3 to 25 months. Contractures of the hand were corrected without recurrence, and the grafts showed relatively good contour and color match to the adjacent fields. There were no reported complications such as significant color change or hypertrophic scarring. The grafted skin showed an average 5.9 mm static two-point discrimination obtained in fingertip reconstruction cases, indicating satisfactory reinnervation. Conclusion: Glabrous full-thickness grafts harvested from the palmar ulnar border is a very useful way of reconstructing soft tissue defects on hands, including fingertips, for function restoration, favorable aesthetic results, and low donor-site morbidity.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.642-648
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• 2011

Purpose: The recent advances in microsurgical techniques and their refinement over the past decade have greatly expanded the indications for digital replantations and have enabled us to salvage severed fingers more often. Many studies have reported greater than 80% viability rates in replantation surgery with functional results. However, replantation of multi-level amputations still remain a challenging problem and the decision of whether or not to replant an amputated part is difficult even for an experienced reconstructive surgeon because the ultimate functional result is unpredictable. Methods: Between January of 2002 and May of 2008, we treated 10 multi-level amputated digits of 7 patients. After brachial plexus block, meticulous replantation procedure was performed under microscopic magnification. Postoperatively, hand elevation, heat lamp, drug therapy and hyperbaric oxygen therapy were applied with careful observation of digital circulation. Early rehabilitation protocol was performed for functional improvement. Results: Among the 19 amputated segments of 10 digits, 16 segments survived completely without any complications. Overall survival rate was 84%. Complete necrosis of one finger tip segment and partial necrosis of two distal amputated segments developed and subsequent surgical interventions such as groin flap, local advancement flap and skin graft were performed. The overall result was functionally and aesthetically satisfactory. Conclusion: We experienced successful replantations of multi-level amputated digits. When we encounter a multi-level amputation, the key question is whether or not it is a contraindication to replantation. Despite the demand for skillful microsurgical technique and longer operative time, the authors' results prove it is worth attempting replantations in multi-level amputation because of the superiority in aesthetic and functional results.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.635-640
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• 2021

Background Injuries to the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint are common and complex. However, the treatment of osteochondral defects of the head of the proximal phalanx has rarely been described. Herein, we propose a new technique for the management of unicondylar defects of the proximal phalanx that can restore joint amplitudes and provide PIP stability. Methods In this cadaveric feasibility study, unicondylar defects were generated using striking wedges and chisels. First, a transverse tunnel measuring 2 mm in diameter passing through the head of the proximal phalanx was made. A second tunnel at the base of the middle phalanx with the same diameter was then created. The hemitendon of the flexor carpi radialis graft was passed through each of these tunnels. The proximal end of the graft was interposed in the area with a loss of bone substance. The ligamentoplasty was then tensed and fixed by two anchors on the proximal phalanx. Joint amplitudes and frontal stability were measured preoperatively and postoperatively. Results There was no significant change in the joint's range of motion: preoperatively, the mean mobility arcs were -2° to 113.80°, and they were -2° to 110° after the procedure (P=0.999). There was no significant difference in joint stability (P>0.05). Conclusions Ligamentoplasty with PIP interposition appears to be a possible solution for the management of unicondylar defects of the proximal phalanx. An evaluation of clinical results is planned in order to definitively confirm the validity of this procedure.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2019년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.525-527
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• 2019

심정지(Cardiac arrest)는 원인과 관계없이 심장의 박동이 정지되어 발생하는 일련의 상태를 말한다. 심정지 발생 시 환자의 생명을 구하기 위한 유일한방법 중 하나는 심폐소생술이며 이 술기를 통하여 순환을 유지 시킬 수 있고, 고품질의 심폐소생술은 환자의 생존률과 신경학적 예후에 영향을 미치기 때문에 매우 중요한 술기이다. 영아 심폐소생술의 경우 두 손가락으로 가슴을 압박하는 방법을 사용한다. 하지만 이 방법은 해부학적으로 손가락의 피로도가 가중되고 수직압박이 힘들어 미국심장협회에서 권장한 가슴압박깊이에 도달하기 힘들 수 있다. 이 연구는 영아 심폐소생술 중 가슴압박 시행 시 새로운 가슴압박법의 효과를 검증하고, 고품질의 심폐소생술을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 연구결과 가슴압박 방법에 따라 가슴의 평균압박깊이 및 평균압박 속도가 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.001) 또한 가슴압박의 편리성 및 통증정도에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 본 연구의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 영아 심폐소생술 중 새로운 가슴압박법 시행 시 정확도가 높아지고, 가슴압박 깊이가 나아져 가슴압박의 질적 지표가 개선되었음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.54-63
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• 2022

Background: Low back and neck pain are two of the most common medical problems in the adult population. It is estimated that between 70% and 80% adults experience an episode of low back pain at least once during their lifetime. Objects: This study aimed to compare the effects of various stretching exercises and muscle energy techniques used for treatment of iliopsoas, quadratus lumborum, and hamstrings of patients with low back pain. Methods: A total of 52 subjects were randomly assigned to the control group (n = 17), the muscle energy technology group (METG, n = 19), and the stretching exercise group (SEG, n = 16). Interventions were performed twice a week for 4 weeks. Outcomes were measured before and after 4 weeks of treatment in the three groups, using the Korean version of the Oswestry Disability Index, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Fear Avoidance Belief Questionnaire (FABQ), the Finger to Floor test (FTF), the Modified-Modified Schober Test (MMS), and the Trunk Flexion Range of Motion test. Results: This study showed significant reduction in the pre-test and post-test KODI, VAS, and FABQ scores in all the three groups (p < 0.05). The KODI, VAS, FABQ and FTF assessed in this study showed interactions between the groups and the measurement time point (p < 0.01). After intervention, the KODI, VAS, FABQ and FTF in the SEG and METG were significantly higher (p < 0.05), and there was no difference between the METG and SEG. MMS and HFROM test showed no difference between the three groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: KODI, VAS, FABQ and FTF showed significant improvement after basic physical therapy, muscle energy technique, and stretching exercise intervention. And there was no significant difference in the intervention effect between the muscle energy group and the stretching exercise group.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2008

Objectives : Sypsun-points are located at the tips of all fingers, 0.1 chon(寸) from the finger nails, totaling 10 points on both hands. These points have been used for emergency care, fainting, epilepsy, cerebrovascular accidents, hypertension, unconsciousness, high fever etc. in oriental medicine. The most common technique is bleeding with a needle at these points. We investigated whether Venesection at the Sybsun-points has effects on blood pressure and body temperature and pulse rate in humans aged from 20 to 30 who had no specific past history and whose vital signs are in normal range. Methods : 67 persons were studied from March to June 2008. They were composed of Sample group(n=36) and Normal group(n=31). Both two groups kept a steady state an hour before venesection. In both group, we checked blood pressure and body temperature and pulse rates 6 times( 30min. before and just before treatment, and just after, 30, 60, 90min after treatment). All study environments were same between sample and normal group. But only, normal group didn't carry out venesection at the Sybsun-points. Results : In a comparison of before and after venesection at the Sybsun-points, any Statistical significance was not evaluated. Though pulse rate in sample group was significantly decreased after venesection(p<0.05), it has no statistical significance because normal group's pulse rate was also significantly decreased and between two groups had no statistical difference. Conclusions : Though further study is needed, our findings suggest that venesection at the Sybsun-points has no significant effect on blood pressure and body temperature, and pulse rate in humans who had no specific past history and whose vital signs are in normal range. Also in that case, we may know that pain and tension result from venesection at the Sybsun-points have no significant effect on blood pressure and body temperature and pulse rate.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.445-452
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• 2015

경두개직류전류자극(tDCS)은 낮은 직류 전류 강도를 사용하여 대뇌피질의 자발적인 신경학적 활동의 흥분성을 증가 또는 감소시키는 신경조절 기법이다. 본 연구의 목적은 tDCS를 적용한 후 다양한 감각 기능의 변화를 측정하는데 있다. tDCS의 효과를 측정하기 위해 CPT 검사를 50명의 건강한 대상자에게 단일 기간(8월4일에서 8월29일), 단일 공간, 단일 맹검법으로 무작위 배정하였다. 신경전도검사는 우세 손의 말초신경 병변을 구별하기 위해 정중 감각과 운동신경을 측정하였다. 대상자들은 각 25명 씩 대뇌피질의 DLPFC의 tDCS 자극군과 대뇌피질의 DLPFC의 tDCS 위자극군으로 2개의 다른 조건 아래서 1 mA의 전류강도로 15분씩 양극 tDCS로 적용하였다. 촉각, 빠른 통증과 느린 통증을 각각 평가하기 위해 우세한 제 2수지에 2000, 250, 그리고 5 Hz의 주파수로 CPT 검사인 Neurometer$^{(R)}$를 이용하여 수치들을 기록하였다. DLPFC의 양극 tDCS 자극군의 CPT 수치들에서는 250과 5 Hz에서 통계적으로 유의한 증가를 보였다. 양극 tDCS 위자극군의 모든 CPT 수치들은 감소하였다. 이러한 결과는 DLPFC의 양극 tDCS가 건강한 대상자들의 감각 지각과 통증 역치들을 조절할 수 있다는 것을 보여준다. 따라서 본 연구는 재활과 통증 치료 분야에서 유용한 치료 방법 중 하나로 제시할 수 있을 것으로 생각한다.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.24-34
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• 1996

There are many kinds of free flaps for management of extensive soft tissue defect of extremities in orthopaedic field. Free vascularized scapular flap is one of the most useful and relatively easy to application. This flap has been utilize clinically from early eighties by many microsurgical pioneers. Authors performed 102 cases of this flap from 1984 to 1995. We have to consider about the surgical anatomy of the flap, technique of the donor harvesting procedures, vascular varieties and anatomical abnormalities and success rate and the weak points of the procedure. This flap nourished by cutaneous branches from circumflex scapular vessels emerges from the lateral aspect of the subscapular artery 2.5-5cm from its lateral origin passing through the triangular space(bounded by subscapularis, teres minor, teres major, long head of triceps). The terminal cutaneous branch runs posteriorly around the lateral border of the scapular and divided into two major branches, those transeverse horizontally and obliquely to the fascial plane of overlying skin of the scapular body. We can utilize these arteries for scapular and parascapular flap. The vascular pedicle ranged from 5 to 10 cm long depends on the dissection, usually two venae comitantes accompanied circumflex scapular artery and its major branches. The diameter of the circumflex scapular artery is more than 1mm in adult, rare vascular variation. Surgical techniques : The scapular flap can be dissected conveniently with prone or lateral decubitus position, prone position is more easier in my experience. There are two kinds of surgical approaches, most of the surgeon prefer elevation of the flap from its outer border towards its base which known easier and quicker, but I prefer elevation of the flap from its outer border because of the lowering the possibilities of damage to vasculature in the flap itself which runs just underneath the subcutaneous tissue of the flap and provide more quicker elevation of the flap with blunt finger dissection after secure pedicle dissection and confirmed the course from the base of the pedicle. There are minimal donor site morbidity with direct skin closure if the flap size is not so larger than 10cm width. This flap has versatility in the design of the flap shape and size, if we need more longer and larger one, we can use parascapular flap or both. Even more, the flap can be used with latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap and serratus anterior flap which have common vascular pedicle from subscapular artery, some instance can combined with osteocutaneous flap if we include the lateral border of the scapular bone or parts of the ribs with serratus anterior. The most important shortcoming of the scapular free flap is non sensating, there are no reasonable sensory nerves to the flap to anastomose with recipient site nerve. Results : Among our 102 cases, overall success rate was 89%, most of the causes of the failure was recipient site vascular problems such as damaged recipient arterial conditions, and there were two cases of vascular anomalies in our series. Patients ages from 3 years old to 62 years old. Six cases of combined flap with latissimus dorsi, 4 cases of osteocutaneous flap for bone reconstruction, 62 parascapular flap was performed - we prefer parascapular flap to scapular. Statistical analysis of the size of the flap has less meaningful because of the flap has great versatility in size. In the length of the pedicle depends on the recipient site condition, we can adjust the pedicle length. The longest vascular pedicle was 14 cm in length from the axillary artery to the enter point cutaneous tissue. In conclusion, scapular free flap is one of the most useful modalities to manage the large intractable soft tissue defect. It has almost constant vascular pedicle with rare anatomical variation, easy to dissect great versatility in size and shape, low donor morbidity, thin and hairless skin.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.385-394
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• 2002

연구배경: 굴곡성 기관지내시경 검사는 검사로 인한 합병증 및 치명률이 적어 각종 폐질환의 진단 및 치료에 널리 사용되고 있다. 그러나 심, 폐기능이 심하게 저하된 환자에서도 기관지경검사가 필요한 경우가 많고, 기관지 내시경 시술중의 저산소혈증이 심각한 심부정맥을 초래할 수도 있기 때문에 저산소혈증의 조기발견 및 적절한 처치는 임상적으로 중요하다. 방 법: 1997년 1월3일부터 1997년 6월 30일까지 경북대학교병원 호흡기내과에서 경기관지폐생검과 기관지 폐포 세척술을 제외한 진단 목적을 기관지내시경 검사를 시행한 379예의 환자를 대상으로 pulse oxmetry를 이용하여 기관지내시경검사를 시행하는 동안과 시술전후에 동맥혈 산소포화도를 지속적으로 감시하였다. 결 과: 1) 남자가 263명, 여자가 116명으로 평균연령은 55세였다. 검사전 시행한 폐기능검사 성적 가운데 FVC는 추정정상치의 백분율의 평균이 $78.9{\pm}20.01%$, $FEV_1$는 추정정상치의 백분율의 평균이 $72.58{\pm}23.89%$, 그리고 $FEV_1/FVC%$는 $66.4{\pm}14.05%$ 이었다. 2) 시술전 기저 동맥혈 산소포화도는 평균 $96.9{\pm}2.85%$였으며, 379예 가운데 62예(16.4%)에서 저산소혈증($SaO_2$ <90%)이 발생하였다. 저산소혈증이 발생한 시기는 기관지경 시술전, 중, 후 각각 12, 37, 13예이었다. 3) 저산소혈증이 있었던 환자들의 성별분포 및 흡연력은 저산소혈증이 없었던 대조군과 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 평균연령은 $59.3{\pm}13.52$세로 정상군의 $54.8{\pm}16.52$세 보다 유의하게 많았고, 기저 산소포화도는 $93.7{\pm}4.29%$로 정상군의 $97.5{\pm}1.89%$에 비해 유의하게 낮았다. 시술시간은 저산소혈증이 있었던 군은 $17.6{\pm}8.93$ 분으로 대조군의 $12.0{\pm}6.30$ 분에 비해 유의하게 길었다. 4) 저산소혈증이 있었던 군의 $FEV_1$은 추정정상치의 백분율의 평균이 $63.6{\pm}22.79%$로 대조군의 $73.9{\pm}23.83%$ 보다 유의하게 낮았고, FVC 및 $FEV_1/FVC%$도 저산소혈증이 있었던 군에서 대조군보다 낮은 경향이었다. 5) 시술전에 저산소혈증이 있었던 12예 가운데 10예는 저농도의 산소투여로 시술을 무사히 진행하였고, 2예는 지속적인 저산소혈증으로 검사를 중단하였다. 시술동안 저산소혈증이 발생한 37예 가운데 27예는 산소투여로, 9예는 깊은 호흡으로 저산소혈증이 소실되었고 1예는 시술을 중단하였다. 시술 후에 저산소혈증이 발생한 13예의 경우 11예는 저산소혈증이 즉시 소실되었으며 2예는 산소투여가 필요하였다. 결 론: 이상의 결과로 기관지 내시경검사시 지속적인 동맥혈 산소포화도의 감시가 필요하며, 특히 저산소혈증의 빈도가 높은 폐기능이 저하된 환자에서는 저산소혈증의 조기발견과 적절한 조치를 위해 반드시 시행해야 할 것으로 생각된다.