• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.140-148
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• 2004

A novel rapid prototyping (RP) process, a full-automated transfer type variable lamination manufacturing process (Full-automated VLM-ST) has been developed. In the full-automated VLM-ST process, a vacuum chuck and a rectilinear motion system transfer the EPS foam material in the form of the plate with two pilot holes to the rotary supporting stage. The supplied material is then cut into an automated unit shape layer (AUSL) with a desired width, a desired length, a desired slope on the side surface, and a pair of reference shapes, which is called the guide shape (GS)’, including two pilot holes in accordance with CAD data through cutting in two steps using a four-axis synchronized hotwire cutter. Then, each AUSL is stacked by setting each AUSL with two pilot holes in the building plate with two pilot pins, and subsequently, adhesive is applied onto the top surface of the stacked AUSL by a bonding roller and pressure is simultaneously given to the bottom surface of the stacked AUSL. Finally, three-dimensional shapes are rapidly and automatically fabricated. This paper describes the method to generate guide shapes in AUSL data for the full-automated VLM-ST process. In order to examine the applicability of the method to generate guide shapes, three-dimensional shapes, such as a piston shape and a human head shape, are fabricated from the full-automated VLM-ST apparatus.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.899-907
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• 2001

Complex variable methods are used to solve the first and the second fundamental problems for infinite plate with two holes having arbitrary shapes which are conformally mapped on the domain outside of the unit circle by means of rational mapping function. Some applications are investigated and some special cases are derived.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.193-199
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• 1995

Two kinds of special 3-dimensional 12-node finite elements-each one contains a traction-free planar surface-have been developed based on Hellinger-Reissner principle by assumed stress hybrid method. Example solutions have demonstrated the advantage of using these special elements for analyzing plates and solids with rectangular holes.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.102-113
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• 1999

결정질 암반에 설치되는 처분공과 처분터널의 구조적 안정성을 평가하기 위해 UDEC과 3DEC을 이용하여 2차원해석과 3차원 해석의 결과를 비교 분석함으로써 불연속면의 존재, 처분공 사이의 간격 등이 처분터널과 처분공의 안정성에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 하였다. 2차원 및 3차원 불연속 해석모델에서 최대주응력 및 파괴발생 가능성이 큰 지점은 터널과 불연속면 사이의 암반이다. 또한 처분공을 포함하는 해석단면에 대한 2차원 및 3차원 해석결과, 합리적인 결과를 얻기 위해서는 3차원 해석이 필요함을 제시할 수 있었다. 그리고 처분공 간격이 8m에서 3m로 감소하더라도 처분터널의 역학적인 안정성에는 큰 변화가 발생하지 않는 것으로 나타났다

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제25권10호
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• pp.1659-1670
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• 2001

It has been reported that cracks at mechanical fastener holes usually nucleate as elliptical corner cracks at the faying surface of the mechanical joints and grow as elliptical arc through cracks after penetrating the opposite surface. The weight function method is an efficient technique to calculate the stress intensity factors fur elliptical cracks using uncracked stress field. In this study the weight function method for three dimensional mixed-mode problem applied to elliptical comer cracks Is modified for elliptical arc through cracks and the stress intensity factors at two surface points of elliptical arc through cracks at mechanical fastener holes are analyzed by the weight function method. This study consists of two parts and in part I , the weight function method for elliptical arc through cracks is developed and verified.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.634-640
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• 2009

Helmholtz resonator has been used, especially in intake and exhaust systems of vehicles, due to its good noise reduction characteristics at low frequencies. Many approaches have been developed to predict the acoustic behavior of the resonator with the assumption that there is no leakage from the resonator. However, its behavior may be affected by leakage which may exist in manufacturing processes or on purpose. This study investigates the effect of leakage on the noise reduction characteristics of Helmholtz resonator with two practical examples. One is a resonator with a gap between baffle and housing of the resonator and the other one is a resonator with two drain holes on the baffle. The measured transmission loss shows that the resonance frequencies are considerably shifted to higher frequency due to the leakage. The Boundary Element Method was applied to predict the transmission loss of the Helmholtz resonator with drain holes. The comparison between the measured and predicted transmission loss shows that the acoustic impedance of the holes is essential for accurate predictions of the transmission loss.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.282-291
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• 2020

The study reports on the design and performance of two air-filled and two partial ethanol-filled photonic crystal fiber (PCF) structures with a tetra core for supercontinuum generation. The PCFs are nonlinear with ultra-flattened zero dispersion. Holes with smaller areas are used to create a tetra-core PCF structure. Ethanol is filled in the holes of smaller area while the larger holes of cladding region are airfilled. Optical properties including dispersion, effective mode area, confinement loss, normalized frequency, and nonlinear coefficient of the designed PCF structures are investigated via full vector finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. A PCF structure with lead silicate as wafer exhibits significantly better results than a PCF structure with silica as wafer. However, both structures report dispersion at a telecommunication wavelength corresponding to 1.55 ㎛. Furthermore, the PCF structure with lead silicate as wafer exhibits a very high nonlinear coefficient corresponding to 1375 W^-1 km^-1 at the same wavelength. This scheme can be used for optical communication systems and in optical devices by exploiting the principle of nonlinearity.

• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.45-58
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• 2003

The entanglement effects were described by means of holes through which the network chain must pass. Inhomogeneous entanglement effects were related to the hole distributions on the surface and in the center of spheres in the network chains. It was assumed that holes were subjected to the affiance deformation and the network chains were gaussian distribution. The results of this model calculation was compared with the compression- extension experimental data of PDMS (polydimethyl siloxane) rubber, and then hole's relative position was known to be in the center of two adjacent holes.

• 천문학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.116-121
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• 1990

It has been suggested that there could be a large number of primordial black holes which were formed in the early universe. We analyze the growth of such a primordial black hole following two different accretion rates - the Eddington accretion rate and the Bondi accretion rate - at the center of a host star like the sun. We find that a primordial black hole with M < ${\sim}10^{17}\;g$ cannot substantially grow in any case throughout the lifetime of a host star. If M > ${\sim}10^{17}\;g$, the evolution of a host star depends entirely on the mode of accretion, but it ends as a black hole in either case. Since more stars may have primordial black holes at the center of a galaxy this may result in a cluster of such black holes, and the cluster may eventually collapse to produce a single supermassive black hole.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.987-991
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• 2003

Ferrule is widely used as fiber optic connecters. In fiber-optic communications, the shape accuracy such as coaxiality and cylindricity of ferrule affects insertion loss. When coaxial grinding of ferrule supported by two pin, pin alignment and chucking accuracy are very important. In this research, the kinematic behavior of the ferrule center is investigated in the case where cone-shaped center pins and round circle holes which make contact with each other near the edge of the holes, using homeogenous coordinate transformation and numerical analysis. The obtained results are as follows: The alignment errors between center holes cause a sinusoidal displacement of ferrule. And the maximum displacement of ferrule centers increase in proportion to the center pin angle. The relationship between center pins displacement in coaxial grinding and grinding accuracy was explained.