• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.370-381
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• 2016

As a single-channel pump is used for wastewater treatment, this particular pump type can prevent performance reduction or damage caused by foreign substances. However, the design methods for single-channel pumps are different and more difficult than those for general pumps. In this study, a design optimization method to improve the hydrodynamic performance of a single-channel pump impeller is implemented. Numerical analysis was carried out by solving three-dimensional steady-state incompressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations using the shear stress transport turbulence model. As a state-of-the-art impeller design method, two design variables related to controlling the internal cross-sectional flow area of a single-channel pump impeller were selected for optimization. Efficiency was used as the objective function and was numerically assessed at twelve design points selected by Latin hypercube sampling in the design space. An optimization process based on a radial basis neural network model was conducted systematically, and the performance of the optimum model was finally evaluated through an experimental test. Consequently, the optimum model showed improved performance compared with the base model, and the unstable flow components previously observed in the base model were suppressed remarkably well.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.157-167
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• 2011

A numerical model was developed to predict the stage-discharge curve and lateral distribution of unit discharge in open channels with nonuniform cross section or compound open-channels. The governing equation is the one-dimensional momentum equation based on assumptions of the steady and uniform flow conditions in the longitudinal direction and the uniform water surface elevation in a cross section. Vegetative drag force term was included in governing equation in order to reflect the effect of floodplain vegetation on the flow characteristics. Finite element method was applied to obtain the numerical solution of the governing equation. Stage-discharge curve and lateral distribution of unit discharge for a given water surface are calculated based on input data, such as the cross sectional geometry, Manning's roughness coefficient, vegetative information and longitudinal slope of channel bed. The developed model was verified by comparing the calculated results with the observed data and the results of Darby and Thorne's(1996) model and the nonlinear k-$\epsilon$ model. The verified model was applied to estimate the upstream boundary conditions in two-dimensional flow model. The numerical results using laterally distributed unit discharge were compared with those obtained using uniformly distributed unit discharge in two-dimensional flow model.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.305-310
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• 2005

The velocity and pressure fields of a ship's propulsion mechanism of the Weis-Fogh type, in which a airfoil moves reciprocally in a channel, are studied in this paper using the advanced vortex method. The airfoil and the channel are approximated by a finite number of source and vortex panels, and the free vortices are introduced from the body surfaces. The viscous diffusion of fluid is represented using the core-spreading model to the discrete vortices. The velocity is calculated on the basis of the generalized Biot-Savart low and the pressure field is calculated from integrating the equation given by the instantaneous velocity and vorticity fields. Two-dimensional unsteady viscose flows of this propulsion mechanism are numerically clarified, and the calculated results agree well with the experimental ones.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.741-751
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• 1996

The coupled conduction and convection heat transfer from the protruding heat source in a vertical channel is numerically investigated. Conjugate solution of the two-dimensional energy equation is obtained for the incompressible air flow over the rectangular block with local heat source. It was found that several recirculation zones and separation bubble near the block were related to Re and Gr. And the results show that fractions of the heat transfer through each of the block face, maximum temperature of the block and the relative effect of each parameter on the maximum temperature and heat transfer.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.41 no.8
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• pp.1045-1052
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• 2009

A calculation model is developed to predict the transient free surface flow on the containment floor following a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA) of pressurized water reactors (PWR) for the use of debris transport evaluation. The model solves the two-dimensional Shallow Water Equation (SWE) using a finite volume method (FVM) with unstructured triangular meshes. The numerical scheme is based on a fully explicit predictor-corrector method to achieve a fast-running capability and numerical accuracy. The Harten-Lax-van Leer (HLL) scheme is used to reserve a shock-capturing capability in determining the convective flux term at the cell interface where the dry-to-wet changing proceeds. An experiment simulating a sudden break of a water reservoir with L-shape open channel is calculated for validation of the present model. It is shown that the present model agrees well with the experiment data, thus it can be justified for the free surface flow with accuracy. From the calculation of flow field over the simplified containment floor of APR1400, the important phenomena of free surface flow including propagations and interactions of waves generated by local water level distribution and reflection with a solid wall are found and the transient flow rates entering the Holdup Volume Tank (HVT) are obtained within a practical computational resource.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.12-18
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• 2019

Direct numerical simulation of a fully developed turbulent plane Couette-Poiseuille flow with a two-dimensional (2-D) rod-roughened wall is performed to investigate the impacts of the surface roughness. It is shown that the logarithmic region in the mean velocity profile over the rough wall Couette-Poiseuille flow is significantly shortened by the surface roughness compared to that over a turbulent Couette-Poiseuille flow with smooth wall. The Reynolds shear stress over the rough wall Couette-Poiseuille flow is decreased compared to that for a smooth case in the outer layer. These results are attributed to weakened turbulence activity or roll-cell mode over the rough wall Couette-Poiseuille flow near the channel centerline due to suppressed development of u'-structure on the top wall, as documented through spanwise energy spectra of the streamwise velocity fluctuations. Inspection of congregation motion near the bottom wall and time evolution of u'-structure reveal weakened co-supporting cycle for the rough wall case.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.229-236
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• 2016

Exergetic analysis was introduced in optimization of a rotating equilateral triangular internal cooling channel with staggered square ribs to maximize the net exergy gain. The objective function was defined as the net exergy gain considering the exergy gain by heat transfer and exergy losses by friction and heat transfer process. The flow field and heat transfer in the channel were analysed using three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations under the uniform temperature condition. Shear stress transport turbulence model has been selected as a turbulence closure through the turbulence model test. Computational results for the area-averaged Nusselt number were validated compared to the experimental data. Three design variables, i.e., the angle of rib, the rib pitch-to-hydraulic diameter ratio and the rib width-to-hydraulic diameter ratio, were selected for the optimization. The optimization was performed at Reynolds number, 20,000. Twenty-two design points were selected by Latin hypercube sampling, and the values of the objective function were evaluated by the RANS analysis at these points. Through optimization, the objective function value was improved by 22.6% compared to that of the reference geometry. Effects of the Reynolds number, rotation number, and buoyancy parameter on the heat transfer performance of the optimum design were also discussed.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• v.12 no.3_4
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• pp.165-173
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• 2000

Three-dimensional numerical simulation of isothermal/nonisothermal coextrusion process of two immiscible polymers through a rectangular channel has been done using the finite element method. The encapsulation phenomenon with the less viscous layer encapsulating the more viscous layer was investigated with the generalized Newtonian fluids. The interface position around the symmetric plane obtained by numerical simulation nearly coincided with the one observed in experiments, but the degree of encapsulation was less than the one observed experimentally. Open boundary condition method was found to be applied to the simulation of nonisothermal coextrusion process, however, the results are not far from those using the fully developed boundary condition, because the temperature development along the downstream direction is very slow in the case of convection dominated flow. When the inlet velocity is increased, the interface profile does not change in isothermal flow, while it moves upward in nonisothermal situation. The degree of encapsulation decreases along the downstream direction in nonisothermal flow. When the inlet temperature increases compared to the wall temperature, the outlet interface moves downward and the degree of encapsulation increases. The difference of degree of encapsulation between the simulation and the experiments seems to arise from the viscoelastic effect of the materials. It was concluded that the nonisothermal effect alone does not explain the complex coextrusion process and the viscoelastic effect needs to be considered.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.6-9
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• 2008

Injection molding is representative process of plastic production. Most of numerical analyses for injection molding have been based on the Hele Shaw's approximation: two-dimensional flow analysis. The present work covers numerical analyses of injection molding using three-dimensional solid elements. The accuracy of the analysis results has been verified through some numerical examples in comparison with the various conditions. In this study, moldflow software was used to analyze the cooling analysis. The results of cooling analysis and testing catapult were compared for plastic products.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.51-60
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• 1987

A two dimensional negatively buoyant flow from a shallow channel into rectangular ponds is analysed numerically by a finite difference scheme in a stretched coordinate system. In rectangular ponds, the confuguration of plunge flow largely depends on the densimetric Froude number, $Fr_e$, of the inflow. The velocity of front of the plunging flow increases with increasing negative buoyanty(decrease of $Fr_e$). The location of stable plunge point and maximun travel distance of plunge point are found to be a function of dimensionless time and densimetric Froude number. Large vortices develop on the both sides of negative buoyant flow or plunge flow.