• East Asian mathematical journal
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.165-176
• /
• 1999

After the derivation was defined in [19] by Posner a lot of researchers studied the derivations in ring theory in different manners such as in [2], [4], [5], ..., etc. Furthermore, many researches followed the definition of the generalized derivation([3], [6], [7], ..., etc.). Finally, Maksa defined a symmetric bi-derivation and many researches have been done in ring theory by using this definition. In this work, defining a symmetric bi-$\alpha$-derivation, we study the mentioned researches above in the light of this new concept.

• 비료회보
• /
• 통권325호
• /
• pp.26-40
• /
• 1987

• 비료회보
• /
• 통권294호
• /
• pp.30-40
• /
• 1985

• 비료회보
• /
• 통권204호
• /
• pp.37-46
• /
• 1981

• 월간양계
• /
• 제8권5호통권79호
• /
• pp.125-129
• /
• 1976

• 비료회보
• /
• 통권316호
• /
• pp.32-42
• /
• 1986

• 비료회보
• /
• 통권225호
• /
• pp.35-40
• /
• 1982

• 월간양계
• /
• 제8권6호통권80호
• /
• pp.92-96
• /
• 1976

• 월간포장계
• /
• 통권332호
• /
• pp.48-58
• /
• 2020

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권11호
• /
• pp.4575-4581
• /
• 2014

Turkey protects its entire population of 75 million people with all the MPOWER measures at the highest level. The aim of this study is to make a comparison of smoking and addiction data obtained from Sakarya University students in 2005-6 and 2012-13. A total of 4,200 (2,500 and 1,700 for each academic year) students at Sakarya University in Sakarya, Turkey, were randomly selected for sampling purposes. The selected participants represented Sakarya University students. Data were collected using a pretested anonymous and confidential, self-completed questionnaire which took 15-20 minutes to complete and Fagerstrom Test for nicotine dependence. Chi-squared, Spearman correlation, and binary logistic regression tests were used to define associations, if any. The level of significance was kept at alpha=0.05. Smoking prevalance dropped by 8.5% (from 26.9% to 18.5%). Male gender, older age, high family smoking index, low self-rated school success, and high peer smoker proportion were common variables that have correlation with smoking status. In the binary logistic regression test the highest contributor to "being a smoker" was found to be the rate of peer smokers. Having all friends smoking puts the student a a 47.5 and 58.0 times higher risk for smoking for males and females, respectively. Our results suggest an admirable diminution of smoking prevalance among Sakarya University students, which can be attributed to MPOWER protection.