• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제38권
• /
• pp.41.1-41.6
• /
• 2016

Background: The goal of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the prognosis of minimal invasive horizontal ridge augmentation (MIHRA) technique using small incision and subperiosteal tunneling technique. Methods: This study targeted 25 partially edentulous patients (10 males and 15 females, mean age $48.8{\pm19.7years$) who needed bone graft for installation of the implants due to alveolar bone deficiency. The patients took the radiographic exam, panoramic and periapical view at first visit, and had implant fixture installation surgery. All patients received immediate or delayed implant surgery with bone graft using U-shaped incision and tunneling technique. After an average of 2.8 months, the prosthesis was connected and functioned. The clinical prognosis was recorded by observation of the peri-implant tissue at every visit. A year after restoration, the crestal bone loss around the implant was measured by taking the follow-up radiographs. One patient took 3D-CT before bone graft, after bone graft, and 2 years after restoration to compare and analyze change of alveolar bone width. Results: This study included 25 patients and 39 implants. Thirty eight implants (97.4 %) survived. As for postoperative complications, five patients showed minor infection symptoms, like swelling and tenderness after bone graft. The other one had buccal fenestration, and secondary bone graft was done by the same technique. No complications related with bone graft were found except in these patients. The mean crestal bone loss around the implants was 0.03 mm 1 year after restoration, and this was an adequate clinical prognosis. A patient took 3D-CT after bone graft, and the width of alveolar bone increased 4.32 mm added to 4.6 mm of former alveolar bone width. Two years after bone graft, the width of alveolar bone was 8.13 mm, and this suggested that the resorption rate of bone graft material was 18.29 % during 2 years. Conclusions: The bone graft material retained within a pouch formed using U-shaped incision and tunneling technique resulted with a few complications, and the prognosis of the implants placed above the alveolar bone was adequate.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 하계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.97-98
• /
• 2009

Tunneling barrier engineered charge trap flash (TBE-CTF) memory capacitor were fabricated using the tunneling barrier engineering technique. Variable oxide thickness (VARIOT) barrier and CRESTED barrier consisting of thin $SiO_2$ and $Si_3N_4$ dielectrics layers were used as engineered tunneling barrier. The charge trapping characteristic with different metal gates are also investigated. A larger memory window was achieved from the TBE-CTF memory with high workfunction metal gate.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제8권6호
• /
• pp.1481-1486
• /
• 2013

In this paper, a new two dimensional (2D) analytical model of a Dual Material Gate tunnel field effect transistor (DMG TFET) is presented. The parabolic approximation technique is used to solve the 2-D Poisson equation with suitable boundary conditions. The simple and accurate analytical expressions for surface potential and electric field are derived. The electric field distribution can be used to calculate the tunneling generation rate and numerically extract tunneling current. The results show a significant improvement of on-current and reduction in short channel effects. Effectiveness of the proposed method has been confirmed by comparing the analytical results with the TCAD simulation results.

• 융합보안논문지
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.107-112
• /
• 2015

무선통신기술의 급격한 발달로 인해 상용기술을 접목한 군의 통신 기반체계 또한 무선체계 위주로 변하고 있다. 하지만 군의 통신은 비밀스러운 내용이 많을뿐더러 특히 물리적으로 보안시스템이 불완전한 무선 환경에서는 적의 위협이 더욱더 증가될 것으로 예상된다. 최근 차세대 전술네트워크 통신 시스템이 All IP 기반의 무선체계로 전력화될 예정이다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 무선 환경에서 예상되는 위협요소를 살펴보고 이에 대한 적절한 터널링 기법에 대해 연구해 본다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제17권11호
• /
• pp.148-154
• /
• 2016

최근 인터넷을 통한 CCTV 영상 유출 사건으로 인해, 영상 보안 문제가 중요한 화두로 떠오르고 있다. 한국인터넷진 흥원은 "CCTV 개인영상 정보보호를 위한 가이드라인"을 통해, CCTV 원격 접속 시 암호화된 프로토콜 사용을 권장하고 있지만, 아직도 다수의 제품이 이런 규칙을 지키지 않아서 해킹과 같은 보안 위협에 노출되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 보안 취약성 문제를 해결하기 위해서, SSH 터널링 기법을 사용하여 원격지에서 접속이 가능한 CCTV 시스템을 제안하고 구현하였다. 시스템은 SSH Secure Shell을 사용하여 암호화된 데이터를 전송함으로써, 보안성을 강화하였다. 또한 터널링 기법 사용하여 방화벽 내부에 존재하는 CCTV 녹화기로의 접근이 불가능 했던 문제를 해결하였다. 시스템에 대한 평가를 위해 여러 가지 CCTV 원격 접속 기법과 보안성에 대한 비교를 하였고, 시스템의 효율성에 대한 실험 결과, 전송 품질 및 시간의 큰 차이 없이 원격 접속이 가능함을 확인 할 수 있었다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방법을 현장에 적용한다면, 해킹의 위협으로부터 안전한 시스템을 구성할 수 있을 것이다.

• Progress in Superconductivity
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 2005

A pseudogap in the normal-state quasiparticle density of states of $high-T_c$ superconductors has been revealed in many different kinds of experiments. The existence of the pseudogap and the superconducting gap, and the correlation between them has attracted considerable attention because they are believed to be a key to understanding the mechanism of the $high-T_c$ superconductivity. The interlayer tunneling spectroscopy, excluding the surface-dependent effect, is one of the most accurate means to examine the electron spectral characteristics both in the superconducting and the normal states. In this study, a new constant-temperature intrinsic tunneling spectroscopic technique, excluding the overheating effect using the in-situ temperature monitoring combined with the digital proportional-integral-derivative control, is introduced. The implication on the $high-T_c$ superconductivity of the detailed temperature dependencies of the observed spectral weight in $Bi_{2}Sr_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8+x}\;high-T_c$ material for overdoped and underdoped levels is discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제36권5호
• /
• pp.427-433
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the subperiosteal tunneling technique with iliac block bone graft for bone augmentation in an edentulous alveolar ridge. Patients and Methods: Total of 8 sites in 7 patients were included in this study. The bone height was evaluated by CBCT preoperatively and 4 months after operation. Total of 11 implants were inserted and evaluated clinically and radiographically. Results: Mean value of the increased bone height was 6.29 mm and no implant failure was observed. There were no complications such as soft tissue dehiscence, exposure of the grafted bone and infection. Conclusion: We have achieved excellent clinical outcomes by this technique, so we concluded that it is useful for augmentation of severely deficient alveolar ridge.

• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제29권5호
• /
• pp.368-371
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 개흉술을 실시한 11 마리 개에서 수술 후 흉강 내 음압 형성을 위한 흉강 튜브 삽입방법으로 넓은 등근 아래 흉강 튜브 삽입 방법의 효과를 평가하기 위해 실시 하였다. 흉강 튜브 삽입을 위해 수술 창 뒤쪽으로 다섯 번째 늑간 늑골 위 피부와 넓은 등근에 작은 절개창을 형성하였다. 지혈겸자를 장착한 흉강 튜브를 근육 아래 터널을 통과하여 흉강 내로 삽입하였으며 튜브 장착 후 절개창 주위에 매트리스 봉합법을 이용하여 봉합사를 설치하였다. 수술 후 흉강 내 음압을 형성한 다음 흉강 튜브를 제거하였다. 튜브 관련 부작용을 확인 하기 위해 튜브 삽입 시 튜브 꺽임 현상과 수술 후 신체 검사 및 방사선 검사를 통한 기흉, 피하 기종, 호흡곤란 여부를 확인 하였다. 튜브 삽입 시 튜브 꺽임 현상과 수술 후 기흉 및 호흡 곤란 증상이 11 마리 개 모두에서 확인 되지 않았다. 신체 검사에서 튜브 삽입 주위 피하 기종이 한 마리에서 관찰 되었으나 별다른 치료 없이 3일 후에 사라졌음을 확인 할 수 있었다. 음압 형성 후 평균 (${\pm}SD$) 추적 기간은 $19{\pm}10$ 개월 이었다. 결론적으로 넓은 등근 아래 흉강 튜브 삽입 방법은 튜브가 흉강 내 유지 될 때와 튜브 제거 후 남게 되는 터널을 통한 흉강 내 공기 유입 차단에 효과적이며 흉강 튜브 장착 시 우선적으로 고려 되야 할 방법으로 사료 된다.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.15-20
• /
• 2024

Purpose: Achilles tendon rupture is a frequently encountered ankle pathology associated with a substantial burden of intense pain and functional deficits. Chronic Achilles tendon ruptures with considerable defects pose intricate repair challenges that are often marred by complications such as re-rupture and persistent pain. Various treatment methods, including allograft transplantation, have been proposed, but the literature on this technique is limited. In this study, we propose a surgical approach utilizing allotendon transplantation and a calcaneal tunneling technique and provide clinical evaluation details. Materials and Methods: Fifteen patients with chronic Achilles tendon ruptures treated with allotendon between 2020 and 2022 were included in the study. Patients were evaluated at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively using Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores and Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Scores (ATRSs). Complications were assessed postoperatively. Results: The average VAS score was 7 before surgery, 7.3 immediately after surgery, and 4.3 at 1 month, 2.5 at 3 months, and 1.3 at 6 months after surgery. Because the sample was limited to 15 individuals and distributions were non-normal, the analysis was conducted using the non-parametric Wilcoxon's signed-rank test, and statistical significance was accepted for p-values<0.05. Results showed a significant improvement in ATRS and VAS scores versus preoperative and immediate postoperative values. VAS scores showed a decreasing trend after surgery, whereas average ATRS scores increased from 14 before surgery, 33.8 at 1 month, 82.7 at 3 months, and 93.9 at 6 months. Conclusion: This study suggests that allograft transplantation using the described calcaneal tunnel technique provides an effective treatment for chronic Achilles tendon ruptures. However, extensive research and long-term clinical trials are required to validate and better understand the technique's efficacy.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.269-278
• /
• 2003

본 논문에서는 터널 굴진기의 모든 조작이 시스템 운용자에 의해 수동으로 운용 되고 있는 방법을 개선하여 터널 굴진기의 토크/추력 및 송/배니압을 자동으로 제어하는 방법을 제안한다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 굴진 운용자의 토크/추력 및 송/배니압의 수동 제어 방법에 대해 체계적인 분석을 하였고 이를 바탕으로 퍼지 제어기와 경고 및 긴급 정지를 위한 제어기를 설계하였다. 제안된 시스템은 전문가 규칙으로부터 퍼지 규칙을 추출하였기 때문에 시스템 운용자들의 숙련된 제어 방법을 그대로 따르면서 시스템의 변화에 신속하게 대응 할 수 있다. 따라서 복잡한 환경에서 전문가의 역할을 대신할 수 있으며 기존에 운용자의 인지능력의 한계로 인해 시스템의 상태 변화에 빠르게 대응하기 어려웠던 점을 해결할 수 있다.