• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2002

Two dimensional Analysis has been applied to most of tunnel lining design in these days. Two dimensional analysis uses beam or curved beam element for finite element method. But because the behaviors of tunnel concrete lining structure is near to shell, it is required to model the tunnel lining as shell structure for safety design of tunnel lining structure. In this paper, two dimensional analysis by beam element and the three dimensional analysis by shell element of tunnel concrete lining are studied, in which 3 type of tunnel lining and lateral pressure factors are considered. As results of the study, three dimensional analyses of the behavior of tunnel concrete lining structure considering lateral pressure factor shows that the moment of three dimensional analysis is greater than those of two dimensional analysis. The results shows that three dimensional analysis is necessary for safety design of tunnel lining.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2016

PURPOSES: The behavior of a concrete pavement in a tunnel was investigated, based on temperature data obtained from the field and FEM analysis. METHODS: The concrete pavement in a tunnel was evaluated via two methods. First, temperature data was collected in air and inside the concrete pavement both outside and inside the tunnel. Second, FEM analysis was used to evaluate the stress condition associated with the slab thickness, joint spacing, dowel, and rock foundation, based on temperature data from the field. RESULTS : Temperature monitoring revealed that the temperature change in the tunnel was lower and more stable than that outside the tunnel. Furthermore, the temperature difference between the top and bottom of the slab was lower inside the tunnel than outside. FEM analysis showed that, in many cases, the stress in the concrete pavement in the tunnel was lower than that outside the tunnel. CONCLUSIONS : Temperature monitoring and the behavior of the concrete pavement in the tunnel revealed that, from an environmental point of view, the condition in the tunnel is advantageous to that outside the tunnel. The behavior in the tunnel was significantly less extreme, and therefore the concrete pavement in the tunnel could be designed more economically, than that outside the tunnel.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.3-15
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• 2001

일반적으로 지진발생시 터널구조물은 지상구조물에 비해 입는 피해가 매우 작다고 해서 내진설계에 대한 인식이 부족하였다. 그러나, 현재까지 많은 유형의 지하터널이 건설되었고, 앞으로는 더 많은 건설계획이 있으므로 지진시 지하터널구조물에 대한 안정성 확보가 중요하고 많은 연구가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 지진발생시 터널의 동적거동을 파악하고, 적절한 내진해석을 제안하기 위해서 응답변위법과 동적해석법을 이용하여 내진해석을 실시하였다. 해석 결과는 지진발생시 터널구조물이 지반의 변형에 순응한다는 것을 나타내었고, 응답변위법에 의한 내진해석이 동적해석법에 의한 것보다 대부분의 경우 더 보수적인 해석이라는 것을 보여주었으며, 마지막으로 동적해석시 간편화된 2차원유한요소해석이 복잡한 3차원해석보다 내진해석시 더 효율적이라는 것을 보여주었다. 갱구부의 내진해석결과에서는 지진파가 터널축과 평행하게 진행할 때 갱구부에 설치된 라이닝에 가장 큰 단면력이 발생하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2016

PURPOSES: This paper investigates behavior and performance of concrete pavement in tunnel based on temperature data from field. METHODS : In this study, there are 4 contents to evaluate concrete pavement in tunnel, First, Comparison for distress was conducted at outside, transition, and inside part of tunnel. Secondly, temperature data was collected in air and inside concrete pavement in outside and inside tunnel. Thirdly, FEM analysis was performed to evaluate stress condition, based on temperature data from field. Finally, performance prediction was done with KPRP program. RESULTS: From the distress evaluation, failure of inside tunnel was much less than it of outside tunnel, Temperature change in tunnel was less than out side, and also it was more stable. According to result of FEM analysis, both curling stress status of inside tunnel was lower than it of outside tunnel. Based on KPRP program analysis, performance of inside tunnel was longer than outside. CONCLUSIONS : Through all study about behavior and performance of concrete pavement in tunnel, condition in tunnel has more advantages from environmental and distress point of view. Therefore, performance of inside tunnel was better than outside.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 3th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.432-439
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• 2009

This research project was carried out to develop the technique to assess quantitatively and rapidly the stability of a tunnel by using the measured displacement at the tunnel construction site under excavation. To achieve this purpose, a critical strain concept was introduced and applied to an assessment of a tunnel under construction. The new technique calculates numerically the strains of the surrounding ground by using the measured displacements during excavation. A numerical practical system was developed based on the proposed analysis technique in this study. The feasibility of the developed analysis module was verified by incorporating the analysis results obtained by commercial programs into the developed analysis module. To verify the feasibility of the developed analysis module, analysis results of models both elastic and elasto-plastic grounds were investigated for the circular tunnel design. Then the measured displacements obtained in the field are utilized practically to assess the safety of tunnels using critical strain concept. It was verified that stress conditions of in-situ ground and ground material properties were accurately assessed by inputting the calculated displacement obtained by commercial program into this module for the elastic ground. However for the elasto-plastic ground, analysis module can reproduce the initial conditions more closely for the soft rock ground than for the weathered soil ground. The stability of tunnels evaluated with two types of strains, that is, the strains obtained by dividing the crown displacement into a tunnel size and the strains obtained by using the analysis module. From this study, it is confirmed that the critical strain concept can be fully adopted within the engineering judgment in practical tunnel problems and the developed module can be used as a reasonable tool for the assessment of the tunnel stability in the field.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2002

Maintenance monitoring of the tunnel which offers continuous data during and after tunneling has been applying to tunnels in order to meet the maintenance of tunnel and to confirm continuous security of the tunnel after tunneling. But, the maintenance monitoring of tunnel results for long period is not easy to find, and moreover, the rational analysis method on tunnel monitoring has not been established yet. In this study, the relationships between displacement and stress of the tunnel concrete lining using various analysis methods are compared with maintenance monitoring. The tunnel behavior were measured in the subway tunnel passing comparative soft the weathering and analyzed both security and mechanical characteristics of the tunnel concrete lining. Also, analyzed relationship between residual water pressure applied on tunnel design and one obtained by monitoring.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방재학회 2008년도 정기총회 및 학술발표대회
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• pp.541-544
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• 2008

Generally numerical analysis of tunnel lining, under dynamic loading condition, performed not considering pore pressure. But if tunnel excavated under the surface of water, such as bottom of the sea, the river bed, tunnel lining can take pore water pressure. It may be different from evaluated numerical analysis not considering pore pressure. Therefore tunnel design should consider effect of water pressure acting on tunnel lining.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1999년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.193-200
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• 1999

Since Broms and Bennermark(1967) suggested the face stability criterion based on laboratory extrusion tests and field observations, the face stability of a tunnel driven in cohesive material has been studied by several authors. And recently, more general solution for the tunnel front is given by Leca and Panet(1988). They adopted a limit state design concept to evaluate the face stability of a shallow tunnel driven into cohesionless material and showed that the calculated upper bound solution represented the actual behavior reasonably well. In this study, two factors are simultaneously considered for assessing tunnel face stability: One is the effective stress acting on the tunnel front calculated by upper bound solution; and the other is the seepage force calculated by numerical analysis under the condition of steady state ground water flow. The model tests were performed to evaluate the seepage force acting on the tunnel front and these results were compared with results of numerical analysis. Consequently, the methodology to evaluate the stability of a tunnel face including limit analysis and seepage analysis is suggested under the condition of steady state ground water flow.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.118-131
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• 1993

In this study, the results of elasto-plastic analysis for a subway tunnel using finite element method are presented. To determine input data for the analysis we carried out rock mass classificaton, insitu test and back analysis using measured displacements. Tunnel convergence, extension of yielding Zone and support load are described. By comparing the results of four different reinforcement patterns, the influence of those patterns on tunnel stability is presented. As a result of the analysis we suggest a ratonal reinforcement pattern.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2021

This paper analyzed a survey of 388 general target samples to analyze the correlation between disaster safety costs and human risk factor analysis and evacuation behavior due to tunnel accidents. Considering the impact of the tunnel accident on disaster safety costs and the correlation between human evacuation and risk factors in the tunnel environment, the system should be reorganized to reflect the tunnel's basic plan, tunnel cross-section, tunnel installation.