• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.11 no.1 s.17
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• pp.7-13
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• 1975

In Chinese medicine, it is said that Aconiti tuber has cardiotonic, diuretic and analgesic effects. Kim et al reported that alkaloid free part of Aconiti tuber, $CHCI_3$ insoluble fraction, showed inotropic effect on isolated frog heart and inotropic effect is potenciated by n-butanol fractionation. To investigate the effect of Aconiti tuber butanol fraction on the mechanical and electrical properties of heart, change of active tension, excitability and refractory period of isolated rabbit atrium in the presence of butanol fraction were measured and the comparison with that of ouabain and quinidine was done. The observed results are as follows. 1. $5{\times}10^{-4}g/ml$ concentration of Aconiti tuber butanol fraction showed approximately same effect with therapeutic concentration of ouabain on the increment of contractile force, and the effect of $2{\times}10^{-3}g/ml$ was greater than that of $1{\times}10^{-5}g/ml$ of ouabain. 2. Acceleration of rate of contractile force increment in the presence of Aconiti tuber butanol fraction was greater than in ouabain, and the time to maximum tension was shorter in Aconiti tuber butanol fraction than in ouabain. 3. The excitability of isolated atrium was slightly increased at low concentration of Aconiti tuber butanol fraction, while decreased at higher concentration. 4. Aconiti tuber butanol fraction slightly prolonged refractory period of isolated right atrium at the concentration of $2{\times}10^{-3}g/ml$.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.375-382
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• 2021

For stable cultivation in double cropping, it is important to use potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars with a short dormancy period of 50-70 days and plant seed tubers of appropriate type and size. An experiment was conducted during 2018-2019 to investigate the effects of seed tuber type and size on growth and yield performance in double cropping. Whole tubers of three sizes (10-20 g, 30-40 g, and 50-60 g) and conventional cut tubers weighing 30-40 g from three cultivars with different dormancy periods, namely 'Daeji' (40-60 days), 'Eunsun' (50-60 days), and 'Saebong' (50-80 days), were planted, and their field performance was compared. Regardless of the cultivar, the increase in the whole tuber weight up to 30-40 g led to fast emergence, thereby increasing ground cover rate, shoot growth rate, and tuber growth rate, which ultimately improved tuber yield by 33-54%. Comparing the whole and cut tubers, 'Daeji' and 'Eunsun' showed similar growth and yield performance; as such, the performance of whole tubers weighing 10-20 g was comparable to that of cut tubers weighing 30-40 g. However, 'Saebong', a cultivar with relatively long dormancy period, performed better with cut tuber than with whole tubers. Based on these results, we recommend the use of whole tubers weighing over 30 g for double cropping. Further studies to break tuber dormancy are warranted in cultivars with relatively long dormancy periods (50-80 days), such as 'Saebong'.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.9-14
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• 2021

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to clarify the daily dose and uses of Goju-tang in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases. Methods : We compared major editions of Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases with the original text of Supplement to the Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold and chose the most appropriate text. If none of the existing texts seemed reasonable, We compared texts item by item. When there is nothing adequate even item by item, it was newly modified. These results were compared with currently distributed Pinellia Tuber and standards of eggs. Results : Goju-tang consisted of Goju(vinegar), Pinellia Tuber and an eggshell. Generally, a daily dose was extracted at once and taken 3 times a day, but in Goju-tang, 4 pieces of Pinellia Tuber and one-third Sheong of Goju(solvent) were used, which were one third of average volume. Pinellia Tuber was used cut in small pieces. And it was boiled gradually by low heat. Goju was mainly to reduce the pungency of Pinellia Tuber by cutting raphides of calcium oxalate. The Pot preparing medicines was eggshell which was chosen by its small size, because the volume of Pinellia Tuber and Goju was one-third of average volume. Since an egg shell is consisted of protein, it didn't react with vinegar(Goju). Conclusions : The 4 pieces of Pinellia Tuber and one-third Sheong of Goju(Vinegar) in the Goju-tang were one-third of average dose, and the eggshell was Pot preparing medicines.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.153-160
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• 2013

We screened the pharmacological effects of a 50% ethanol extract of Yacon tubers and leaves on spermatogenesis in rats. As a result, we found that Yacon tuber extracts increased sperm number and serum testosterone level in rats. It has been reported that the crude extract of Yacon tubers and leaves contain phenolic acids, such as, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid and caffeic acid by HPLC/MS analysis. We were interested in the contributions made by phenolic acid, particularly chlorogenic acid of Yacon tuber extract to the spermatogenic activity. After administering Yacon tuber extract or chlorogenic acid to rats for 5 weeks, numbers of sperm in epididymis were increased by 34% and 20%, respectively. We also administered ferulic acid, which has been reported to be a metabolite of chlorogenic acid and a constituent of Yacon tuber extract to investigate its spermatogenic activity in rats. Yacon tuber extract and ferulic acid increased sperm numbers by 43% and 37%, respectively. And, Yacon tuber extract, and chlorogenic acid showed significantly inhibition effect of testoeterone degradation in rat liver homogenate. We considered that the spermatogenic effect of Yacon tuber extract might be related to phenolic compounds and their inhibitory effect of testosterone degradation. Yacon showed the possibility as ameliorable agents of infertility by sperm deficiency and late onset hypogonadism syndrome with low level of testosterone.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.341-345
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• 1992

The tuber of Pinellia ternata Breitenbach(Araceae), which is distributed in Korea, China, and Japan, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine. The prescription containing Pinellia tuber shows anti-emetic, sedative, and anti-tussive effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Pinellia ternata tuber on the xylazine-induced emetic and sedative responses in cats. The results were as follows ; 1. Intramuscular injection of xylazine hydrochloride(1.0mg/kg) reliably evoked vomiting with an incidence of 100% and sedated with a mean sedation time of 34.22 min. 2. The xylazine-induced emetic and sedative responses were not prevented by oral administration of powder (0.5g/head), decoction ($1.0m{\ell}/100g$), and methanol extract ($0.1m{\ell}/100g$) of the Pinellia ternata tuber. 3. The xylazine-induced emetic and sedative responses were inhibited by intravenous injection of decoction($0.3m{\ell}/100g$) of the Pinellia ternata tuber. 4. The xylazine-induced emetic and sedative responses were inhibited by intravenous injection of a combined mixture of yohimbine hydrochloride(0.125mg/kg) and 4-aminopyride(0.3mg/kg).

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.250-258
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• 2009

Male reproductive function seems to have deteriorated considerably in the past 4 to 5 decades. It was observed a significant decline in mean sperm counts from $113{\times}10^6/ml$ in 1940 to $66{\times}10^6/ml$ in 1990; a fall of $0.94{\times}10^6/ml/year$. We reported that Yacon tuber extracts have spermatogenic effects in rat. In the present study, we tested the spermatogenic effect of Yacon tuber extracts in healthy male volunteers. Subjects were assigned randomly to the control group and the Yacon ethanol extracts administered group (each 12 subjects). And, placebo or Yacon tuber extracts (100 ml) were administered two times daily, by oral for 3 months. Sperm numbers, biochemical parameters and hormone levels were recorded before starting administration, then every month. The Yacon tuber extracts administered group showed significant time dependant increases in according to administration period. Especially, the numbers of sperm increased by 54% after 3 months of administration. And, in Yacon tuber extracts administered group, testosterone and estradiol level were significantly higher than placebo group. On the other hands, Yacon tuber extracts didn't show any toxicity in glucose and lipid metabolism and liver and kidney function. The results of the present study suggest that Yacon tuber extract is a possible therapeutic for the treatment of sperm deficiency.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.122-125
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• 2011

The goal of this study was to provide shelf-life of Gugija-Liriope tuber raw makgeolli. After we prepared Gugija-Liriope tuber raw makgeolli by using Gugija, Liriope tuber, nuruk, cooked rice and Saccharomyces cerevisiae C-2, changes of its quality and physiological functionality were investigated during the storage at $4^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$. Ethanol contents was decreased from 8.3% to 7.2% for storage of 9 days at $4^{\circ}C$ and 6 days storage at $20^{\circ}C$, respectively. Antihypertensive angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity of Gugija-Liriope tuber makgeolli was increased from 63.1% to 66.0% after storage for 9 days at $4^{\circ}C$. Total acceptability of 9 days storage makgeolli at $4^{\circ}C$ was still good. In conclusion, shelf-life of Gugija-Liriope tuber raw makgeolli was 9 days at $4^{\circ}C$ in this respect of ethanol contents, antihypertensive action and total acceptability.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.87-93
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• 2001

Objectives : Through the literature on the effect of Aconiti Cliare Tuber, Radix Aconiti, we are finding out the clinical posibility and revealing the more effective to intractable disease. Methods : We inverstigated the literatures of Oriental Medicine and experimental reports about Aconiti Cliare Tuber, Radix Aconiti. Results : 1. The taste of Aconiti Cliare Tuber, Radix Aconiti is hot, sweet, bitter, warm and hot, and the effect is dehumidification, warm up and relieve the pain, so it can be used for arthritis, hemiplegia, carpopedal spasm, sciatica, cancer, numbness. 2. A toxic constituent of Aconiti Cliare Tuber, Radix Aconitiis is induced by aconitine alkaloid, develope toxic symptoms and result in death. So it needs suitabe treatment for safety. 3. It is known that the toxicopathy due to Radix Aconiti was 3-30g(dosage for adult) and Aconiti Ciliare Tuber was 1-9g. But only using aconitine alkaloid to oral feeding, the toxicopathy due to 0.2mg/kg and lethal dose is 3-4mg. So we using this for treating, we must be careful and need more varialble study about toxicopathy, lethal dose. 4. On clinical treatment, we thought Aconiti Cliare Tuber, Radix Aconiti is so effective to intractable disease after control the toxicity, it may be need variable study on toxicity and clinical effects.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2020

Objects : The daily dose of Pinelliae Tuber in ≪Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases≫ is half seung in volume, two and half ryang in weight, and fifteen in total number. But the daily dose should be a whole number. So I found out the background of this setting and correct solution. Methods : I searched Classics of Traditional Medicine, found out the background of the daily dose setting, solution. Results : The daily dose of Pinelliae tuber in ≪Hangdi's Internal Classic Miraculous Pivot≫, ≪Bohenggyuljangbuyongyakbeobyo≫ is half seung. ≪Treatise on Cold Dameage Diseases≫ followed the same daily dose of that because it referred to these books. In ≪Synopsis of Prescription of the Golden Chamber≫, the daily dose of that is half seung, one or two seung. The half seung of the Pinelliae Tuber is thirty three mL, but the diameter is 1~1.5 cm that accurate measurement by volume is difficult. The daily dose by weight is correct considering the unity of marking of the daily dose, accuracy of measurement, the fact that Pinelliae Tuber is currently distributed by cutting. So, two ryang is correct which is thirteen gram. Conclusions : Considering the traditionality, the convenience of measurement, the daily dose of Pinelliae Tuber in the ≪Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases≫ is half seung, but considering the unity, accuracy, current state of distribution, it is correct that the daily dose of it is two ryang. It corresponds to thirteen gram.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.432-436
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• 2002

This study was conducted in 2001 to determine the influence of seed-piece size (SPS) and number (SPN) per mini-tuber produced by hydroponics on growth and yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Treatments consisted of the combination of six SPS (3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13g/seed-piece) and four SPN (whole tuber, and two, three, and four pieces/tuber). Percentage sprout emergence at transplanting was higher for seed pieces weighing 7 to 13 g (83.0 to 85.4%) and for three and four pieces per tuber (85.4 and 84.8%). As SPS were increased from 3 to 9 g/piece, total yields markedly increased from 2,052 to 2,924 kg/10a and seed tuber (31 to 250 g) yield from 1,589 to 2,428kg/10a with no further increase with SPS. As SPN was increased from one to three/ tuber, total yields increased from 1,918 to 2,982 kg/10a and seed tuber yields from 1,422 to 2,579 kg/10a with no further increase with SPN. Average tuber weight increased with SPS (46.3 to 71.5 g/tuber) and SPN (56.5 to 64.9 g/tuber).