• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권12호
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• pp.2446-2452
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• 2009

A Ceramic Metal-halide lamp is achieved by adding multiple metals to a basic mercury discharge. Because the vapor pressure of most metals is very much lower than mercury itself, metal-halide salts of the desired metals, having higher vapor pressures, are used to introduce the material into the basic discharge. The metal compounds are usually polyatomic iodides, which vaporize and subsequently dissociate as they diffuse into the bulk plasma. Metals with multiple visible transitions are necessary to achieve high photometric efficiency and good color. Compounds of Sc, Dy, Ho, Tm, Ce, Pr, Yb and Nd are commonly used. The maximum visible efficacy of a Ceramic Metal Halide lamp, under the constant of a white light source, is predicted to be about 450lm/W. This is controlled principally by the chemical fill chosen for a particular lamp. Current these lamps achieve 130lm/W and these life time are the maximum 16,000[hr]. So factors of performance lower are necessary to improve lamp performance. In this paper, we analyzed factors of performance lower by accelerated deterioration test. The lamp was operated with short duration turn-on/turn-off procedure to enhance the effect due to electrode sputtering during lamp ignition. The tested lamp that was operated with a longer turn-on/off(20/20 minutes) showed blackening, changed distance between electrodes and lowered color rendering & color temperature by losses of Dy at 421.18nm, I at 511nm, T1 at 535nm and Na at 588nm compared with the new lamp.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.178-182
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• 1992

내경 1.6cm, 길이 50cm의 알루미나 세라믹 방전관을 사용하여 방전전극간의 거리가 45cm인 공쟁식 방전가열형 구리증기레이저를 제작하였다. 방전가열 및 여기를 위한 6kV, 500mA 정격의 직류 고전압 전원장치, 1.8H의 중전 인덕터와 5nF의 에너지저장 캐패시터를 포함하는 resonant charging 방식의 고전압 충전회로와 1-7kHz 범위의 펄스반복률로 동작하는 thyratron 구동회로가 각각 설계 제작되었다. 개발된 레이저장치는 방전관의 온도 $1350^{\circ}C$ 부근에서 발진을 시작하였고, 충전전압 12kV, 펄스반복률 4.5kHz, 네온완충기체압력 50mbar, 동작온도 $1460^{\circ}C$일 때 0.7W의 최대평균 출력을 얻었다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.44-51
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• 2009

In this study, welding distortion analysis is performed for various design of tube shape structures which are assembled with aluminum sheet metal. Aluminum 5052 plates of 1mm thickness are used to analyze. An efficient keyhole model, as a welding heat source, is used for the prediction of full penetration weld size and shape which is required for the thermal analysis. The thermal and mechanical material properties are considered as temperature dependent functions, due to the high temperature variations during the welding. The numerical model is calculated by using a commercial software and evaluated with the experiments. The calculation results could make a comparative study in the view of distortion for the various size and shape of structure.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.1081-1090
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• 2024

The liquid Lead-bismuth eutectic is used as the coolant for Gen-IV reactor concepts. However, due to its strong corrosive and high operating temperature, it is difficult to accurately measure the flow rate in long-term operating conditions. Venturi flowmeter is a simple structured flowmeter, which plays a very important role in the flow measurement of high-temperature liquid metals, especially since the existing flowmeters are difficult to be competent. It has the advantages of easy maintenance and stable operation. Therefore, it is necessary to study the operating conditions of the venturi flowmeter under high-temperature conditions. This work performs a series of simulations of the fluid-solid interaction between the flow liquid metal and venturi flowmeter with COMSOL software, including the dimensional sensitivity analysis of the venturi flowmeter to explore the most suitable structure and parameters for liquid heavy metal, the sensitivity analysis of the geometric parameters of the venturi tube on the varying conditions. It shows that when the contraction angle of the venturi flowmeter is 33°, the diffusion angle is 13°, the diameter of the throat is 8 mm, and the temperature of the lead-bismuth eutectic is 733.15 K, it is most suitable for the measurement in the lead-bismuth circuit.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1999

An innovative concept for a passive reactor shutdown system, so called self-actuated shutdown system(SASS), is inevitably required for the inherent safety in liquid metal reactor, which is designed with the totally different concept from the usual reactor shutdown system in LWR. SASS using Curie point electromagnet(CPEM) was selected as the passive reactor shutdown system for KALIMER (Korea Advanced Liquid MEtal Reactor). A mock-up of the SASS was designed, fabricated and tested. From the test it was confirmed that the mockup was self-actuated at the Curie point of the temperature sensing material used in the mockup. An articulated control rod was also fabricated and assembled with the CPEM to confirm that the control rod can be inserted into core even when the control rod guide tube is deformed due to earthquake. The operability of SASS in the actual sodium environment should be confirmed in the future. All the design and test data will be applied to the KALIMER design.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2010년도 제35회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.115-118
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• 2010

공기 가열 장치는 크게 연소식과 열교환식 2가지가 있으며, 본 논문은 공기를 오염시키지 않은 열교환 방식인 청정 공기 가열 장치의 설계 방법을 기술하였다. 가열 장치는 크게 연소기 (Burner), 가열로 (Furnace), 열교환기 (Heat Exchanger), 배기구로 구성되어 되며, 가열되는 공기 유량과 입/출구 온도값으로부터 가열원인 연소기의 열용량과 연소기 연료인 LNG의 소요량을 구한다. 열교환기 내부에서 연소기의 뜨거운 연소가스와 가열되는 차가운 공기간의 열매체를 통한 간접 열교환이 이루어지므로, 가열되는 공기의 입/출구 온도에서 열교환기의 용량, 크기, 작동 최대 온도를 얻을 수 있게 된다.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2008

There are some methods that have been used to manage a degasing process in recent years, such as an injection method that uses aluminum molten metal powder and chemicals supplier and input method that supplies argon and nitrogen, or chlorine gas by using a gas blow-tube. However, these methods show some problems, and it shows that it is a difficult process to handle, pollution due to producing a lot of toxic gases like chlorine and fluoride gas, irregular effects, and lowering work efficiency due to the excessive processing time. The problems that are the most fatal are the producing a lot of sludge due to the reaction of aluminum molten metal with chemicals, loss of metals, and decreasing the life of refractory materials. In order to solve these problems, this paper develops a technology that is related to aluminum continuous casting molten metal and monolithic degasing apparatus. A degasing apparatus developed in this study improved the existing methods and prevented environmental pollution with smokeless, odorless, and harmlessness by using a new method that applies argon and nitrogen gas in which the methods used in the West and Japan are eliminated. The method developed in this study decreases the molten metal processing and settling time compared to the existing methods and improves the workers' health, safety, and environment because there is no pollution in processes.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.280-285
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to get optimum design and operation conditions of the heating rubber roller for laminating process. The cause of performance degradation of heating rubber roller is delamination of rubber on metal tube, rubber aging due to high temperature. We measured the material properties of thermal expansion, thermal conductivity, specific heat and density and analyzed thermal distributions of rubber layer using finite element method. As a result of heat/flow analysis, the density distribution of heating coil must shorten the stabilization time by reducing the temperature deviation on the length direction at the temperature rising section after increasing the density of the area contacting with the laminate film at the center part which is an opposite of the current composition while enabling to maintain the temperature of heater to be consistent while maintaining the temperature deviation to be low when heat loss is created. Finally, we determined optimum heating method of heating rubber roller.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2004

Condenser tube which is used for a cooling system of automobiles is mainly manufactured by conform extrusion. However, direct extrusion using porthole die in comparison with conform extrusion has many advantages such as improvement of productivity, reduction of production cost etc. In general, the porthole die extrusion process is useful for manufacturing long tubes with hollow sections and consists of three stages(dividing, welding and forming stages). Especially, Porthole die for producing condenser tube is very complex. Thus, in order to obtain the detailed mechanics, to assist in the design of proper die shapes and sizes, and to improve the quality of products, porthole die extrusion should be analyzed in as non-steady state as possible. This paper describes FE analysis of non-steady state porthole die extrusion for producing condenser tube with multi-hole through 3D simulation in the non-steady state during the entire process to evaluate detailed metal flow, temperature distribution, welding pressure and extrusion load. Also to validate FE simulation of porthole die extrusion, a comparison of simulation and experiment results was presented in this paper.

• 한국화재조사학회논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2008

본 연구는 현장에서 발생한 가로등 화재에 대한 원인을 규명하기 위한 것으로 검증실험과 다양한 분석을 수행하였다. 이물질이 부착된 250W 메탈할라이드등은 $410.4^{\circ}C$로 급격하게 온도가 상승하였다. 따라서 환기 및 방진에 대한 개선이 요구된다. MH 램프에 의한 열은 발광판에서 유리구, 등기구로 이어지며 확산되었다. 메탈할라이드등의 사고원인은 등기구 내부의 이물질이 침적되어 축열 및 화재로 이어진 것으로 추정되며, 등기구의 설계에 있어서 외부 이물질 또는 분진이 침적되지 않으면서 축열이 되지 않는 구조 개선이 요구된다.