• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.359-364
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• 2014

This paper describes the development of needle type probe that measures temperature and injects medicine for both diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal pain syndrome (MPS). The size of trigger points is from several micrometers to millimeter. Therefore, it is required to develop a medical device that is capable of not only finding the trigger points by temperature measurement, but also injecting medicine at the exact location for treatment. To challenge these difficulties, thermocouple was fabricated on the surface of a needle using metal deposition process. Special type of stainless-constantan thermocouple was achieved from the stainless body of a needle itself and deposited constantan metal film. In particular, parylene coating enables to limit the temperature sensitive area to the end of the needle tip. Fabricated needle type probe produces $3.25mV/^{\circ}C$ of thermoelectric sensitivity and compared its performance with commercial T-type thermocouple in animal muscle sample.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to compare Ultra Sound(U-S), Silver Spike Point(SSP) and Electro-Acupuncture(E-A) with each other and to objectively analyze their concrete validities and their effects on the deactivation of trigger points in patients with myofascial pain syndrome, and to provide basic necessary principles for clinical therapists. Sixty patients were randomly distributed into three groups of twenty persons each and the U-S, the SSP and the E-A were applied to each group respectively. Tree pain evaluation methods of VAS(Visual Analogue Scale), Electrical Stimulation Scale and Pressure Algometer were adopted to measure the effectiveness of each therapy. The results were as follows: The U-S and E-A groups demonstrated statistically significant decrease on the VAS. The pain thresholds by Electrical Stimulation Scale method was increased for all the groups of U-S, SSP and E-A with no statistical significance. however, Pressure Algometer method was found to increase the pain thresholds for both SSP and E-A groups with statistically significance. Statistically significant improvement was found for all the groups together after the administration of the U-S, the SSP and the E-A. From the above results, three methods of U-S, SSP and E-A are found to be effective tools for the deactivation of trigger points in patients with upper trapezius muscle of Myofascial Pain Syndrome. The E-A method was found to be the most effective among three methods.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제56권8호
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• pp.437-442
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• 2018

Patients with a wide range of cerebrovascular disease may have difficulty in opening their mouths, resulting in failing to swallow foods and maintain their oral hygiene. K-point was introduced as an effective trigger point to stimulate the jaw opening reflex for those patients. K-point stimulation may be useful as one of methods of helping open the jaw for dental examinations, or for placing foods onto the dorsum of the tongue and swallowing them effectively. Although this method cannot always guarantee the success of the jaw opening for every patient, it may still be considered to be an effective one to apply to patients having difficulty in jaw opening and swallowing disorder.

• 대한임상전기생리학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2004

This study was conducted to assess the effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation(TENS) and interferential current(IFC) in the patients with myofascial pain syndrome(MPS) on upper trapezius. Twenty patients with MPS on upper trapezius was assigned randomly to TENS group(n=10), IFC group(n=10). In TENS group, TENS was applied to the trigger point. In IFC group, IFC was applied to the trigger point. Duration of treatment was 2 weeks. Effects were assessed before treatment, post treatment by visual analogue scale(VAS), and pain rating score(PRS). Significant change of VAS was noticed in TENS group and IFC group. Significant change of PRS was noticed in TENS group and IFC group. IFC groups were significantly higher than TENS group that of the VAS and PRS. These result showed that IFC is effective treatment method for pain control in patients with MPS.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제64권4호
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• pp.573-577
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• 2015

In this paper, we propose a signal processing board suitable for a semi-active laser tracking to detect an optical signal generated from the laser target designator by applying an analog trigger signal, the quadrant photodetector and a high speed ADC(analog-digital converter) sampling technique. We improved the stability by applying the averaging method to minimize the measurement error of a gaussian pulse. To evaluate the performances of the proposed methods, we implemented a prototype board and performed experiments. As a result, we implemented a frequency counter with an error 14.9ns in 50ms. PRF error code has a stability of less than 1.5% compared to the NATO standard. Applying the three point averaging method to ADC sampling, the stability of 28% in X-axis and 22% in Y-axis than one point sampling was improved.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.43-47
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• 2007

Purpose: This study examined the effect of electro-acupuncture stimulation of the infraspinatus and teres major on the shoulder function reduction. The subjects consisted of 20 female patients with a shoulder dysfunction. Methods: The 20 female patients with shoulder dysfunction participated voluntary in this research. 10 minute electro-acupuncture stimulation (frequency: 5Hz, Intensity: below the pain threshold) with Infra-red therapy, 3 times per week given to the patients' Trigger point of the infraspinatus and teres major. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Apley's Scratch Test and Global Perceived Effect Scale (GPES) were examined before alter six applications. Results: There was a significant decrease in the VAS (p<0.05) and Apley's Scratch Test (p<0.05). In addition, there was statistically significant increase in the Global Perceived Effect Scale (p<0.05). Therefore, the infraspinatus and teres major is a very important muscle for the shoulder function. Conclusion: This data will be used to develop a treatment method for patients with a shoulder dysfunction. These results suggest that the electro-acupuncture stimulation into the infraspinatus and the teres major Trigger point is an effective intervention for patients with shoulder dysfunction and pain.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.142-147
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• 2014

Objective: This study aims to investigate high energy and low energy extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) and which one is more effective for shoulder pain. Design: Single blind randomized controlled trial. Methods: Fifty two subjects with upper trapezius (UT) trigger point (TrP) participated in this study. They were allocated to high energy (n=26) and low energy group (n=26). This study applies ESWT and investigates the changes of pressure pain threshold (PPT) and visual analogue scale (VAS). The high and low energy groups received focused piezo electric type ESWT 4 Hz, 1,000 pulses and 0.351 and $0.092mJ/mm^2$ respectively. Outcome measures of PPT and pain was measured by algometer and pain VAS. These measurements were performed before and after treatment. Results: The PPT value was significantly increased in both groups after treatment (p<0.05) and VAS scores were significantly decreased after treatment in both groups (p<0.05). However, there were no significant differences between groups. Conclusions: ESWT is an effective treatment for the application of the UT TrP. Although there were significant effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on PPT and VAS scores, there were no signficant differences between high and low energy extracorporeal shock wave therapy.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.104-111
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 대체의학기술인 SUKI(Superficial Using Ki energy Instrument) 점압법을 활용한 특정근육(상부승모근 trigger point) 부분을 자극하여 스트레스를 받은 뇌파의 변화를 알아보고자 실시하였다. 연구방법은 스트레스에 의해 승모근통증을 호소하는 12명의 남녀 대학생을 대상으로 실시하였다. 상부승모근 통증유발점에 SUKI를 사용하기 전후의 특정영역의 뇌파를 측정하였다. SUKI자극시간은 3min 자극한 후 각 부위별로 비교하였으며(FP2, F3, F4, FP1, T3, T4, P3, P4), 실험기간은 총 5회 실시하였다. QEEG-S 뇌파측정기를 이용하였고, 데이터 수집을 위해 Telescan(LXE 5208) 프로그램을 사용하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS 22.0 version을 사용하였고, 점압법 전후 차이를 비교하기 위하여 대응표본 t-검정(paired t-test)을 실시하였으며, 통계학적인 유의수준은 p<.05로 설정하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. FP2, F3, F4(*p<0.049, *p<0.042, *p<0.019)는 뇌파는 유의하게 나타났고, FP1, T3, T4, P3, P4는 유의하지 않았다. 따라서 SUKI 대체의학기술에 의한 뇌스트레스 감소 효과가 있었다. 추후 SUKI 대체 의학의 지속적인 연구가 요청된다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제16권1호통권29호
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• pp.36-50
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• 1995

Acupuncture is so effective and simple to use in the pain and dysfunction syndrome of TMD. Acupuncture treatment is a point-specific. So, the selection of acupuncture point is very important. According to the traditional meridian theory, we select the points; local points around TMJ and mastication muscles(ST6, ST7, GB20, GB21) and remote point(LI4). And if there is another pain, one or two other points are added. Both neural and humoral mechanism play an important role in acupuncture analgesia. The discovery of spinal gate mechanisms shows somatic stimulation can induce pain inhibition. Humoral mechanism has been established from the discovery of opioid receptors and endogenous opioids. Acupuncture induces a relaxation in the patient, which further decreases the muscle tension.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.433-438
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• 2014

PURPOSE: The purpose of our study was to compare a 975-nm, 500-mW GaAlAs low-level laser therapy versus placebo low-level laser therapy with regard to the immediate changes on the myofascial trigger point of the dominant upper trapezius muscle in subjects with rounded shoulder posture. METHODS: Thirty-two male college students with rounded shoulder posture and shoulder pain consented to participate in the experiment. The subjects were randomly assigned to a 2-minute procedure with either an active GaAlAs low-level laser or a placebo GaAlAs low-level laser. The pressure-pain threshold and visual analog scale on tenderness at 3 kg were measured with an algometer before and after the laser treatments. RESULTS: The active GaAlAs low-level laser group showed significant changes in pressure-pain threshold and visual analog scale on tenderness at 3 kg (p<0.05). The placebo GaAlAs low-level laser group showed no significant changes in either pressure-pain threshold or visual analog scale on tenderness at 3 kg (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: An immediate effect was observed in pressure-pain threshold and visual analog scale on tenderness at 3 kg following a 2-minute application ($857.14J/cm^2$) of a 975-nm, 500-mW GaAlAs low-level laser to the myofascial trigger point of the dominant upper trapezius muscle in patients with rounded shoulder posture.