• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.119-128
• /
• 2008

The object of this experiment was to investigate the food habits of Korean native goats fed with various roughage sources. The feeding trials were conducted at Chungnam National University and Unbong Animal Genetic Resources Station in 2007. The experimental roughages sources were five including 25 species in all; grass sources: 5 species (Lolium perenne, Festuca arundinacea, Poa pratensis, Agrostis alba and mixed grass, legume sources: 5 species (Trifolium pratense, Medicago sativa, Trifolium repens, Melilotus officinalis and Vicia villosa), browse sources: 5 species(Quercus serrata Thunb., Prunus jamasakura Sieb., Quercus aliena Blume, Robinia pseudoaccacia and Pinus densiflora), weed sources: 5 species(Artemisia princeps Pampanini, Erigeron canadensis, Alopecurus aegualis Sobolewski, Echinochloa crusgalli var. frumentacea (Roxb.) Wight and Rumex crispus), and native grass sources: 5 species(Zoysia japonica Steudel, Agropyron tsukushiense var. transiens(Hack) Ohwi., Arundinella hirta(Thunb.) Tanaka, Miscanthus sinensis Anderss and Phragmites comunis Trin). Ten Korean native goats were selected which had nearly the same body weight(average 30.6kg, 남) as experimental animals. Experimental roughages were prepared by 0.5kg per 1 species fed to Korean native goats, and the experiment was carried out from 08:00 to 20:00. The chemical composition and dry matter digestibility of each roughage source and species were significantly different at the sampling area, plant species, growth stages and cutting period (p<0.05). The Korean native goats ate more roughages which had low fibrous contents, but high dry matter digestibility. Among all the 25 species of roughages, the favorite intake species order by Korean native goats was observed like this: Quercus serrata Thunb., Quercus aliena Blume, Trifolium repens, and Pinus densiflora and Artemisia princeps Pampanini which was lower intake compared to other domestic herbivores. On the other hand, compared to each roughage source, total intake amount by Korean native goats was showed as browse(29.9%), legumes(23.0%), weeds(21.6%), grasses(21.5%) and native grasses(4.0%), respectively. Based on the result, the food habit of Korean native goats seems to be closer to browser type.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.328-330
• /
• 2000

A terget leaf spot of red and white clovers was observed during 1998-2000 growing seasons in several fields of Chungnam and Chungbuk provinces in Korea. Lesions were circular to oval in outline, brown to dark brown, ranging from a pinpoint to 3-4 mm in diameter, often concentrically zonate and presenting a target effect. A fungus associated with the disease was identified as Stemphylium sarciniforme based on the morphological characteristics of the conidiophores and conidia. The fungus was pathogenic on red and white clovers in the inoculation test. This is the first record of a terget leaf spot of red and white clovers in Korea.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.119-123
• /
• 1989

레드 클로버의 葉肉細胞로 부터 原形質體의 裸出에 影響을 미치는 要因들을 調査하여 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 原形質體의 裸出에 使用된 酵素는 Cellulase, Macerozyme, Driselase 및 Pectolyase였으며 그 中 1%의 Cellulase ONOZUKA R-10과 0.5%의 Macerozyme R-10의 組合에서 가장 좋은 結果를 얻었다. 裸出된 原形質體의 適正 膨壓을 維持하기 爲하여 Mannitol의 濃度를 0.3~O.8M의 범위에서 6단계로 조정하였을 때, 0.7M에서 가장 높은 收率을 얻을 수 있었다. 原形質體 裸出을 爲한 酵素溶液의 pH는 5.6에서 가장 좋은 結果를 나타내었으며, 材料로 쓰인 레드 클로버 일을 4가지 크기로 區分하여 裸出實驗한 結果, 작은 잎보다 큰 잎에서 收率이 높은 傾向이었다. 酵素處理 後 裸出된 原形質體의 정제에는 0.8M의 Sucrose가 가장 適當하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.40 no.2
• /
• pp.223-232
• /
• 2023

Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of various skin conditions, resulting in cellular and tissue damage that can contribute to the development of skin tone unevenness, roughness and wrinkles. In this study, we found that Trifolium pratense L. extract (TE) attenuated oxidative-induced damage in HaCaT cells and elucidated the underlying molecular mechanism. Our finding demonstrated that TE effectively protected HaCaT cells against H₂O₂-induced cell death by inhibiting caspase-3 activation, downregulating Bax and upregulating Bcl-2, and attenuating the activation of three mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Our results suggest that TE has remarkable cytoprotective properties against oxidative damage in HaCaT cells and could serve as a complementary or alternative approach to prevent and treat skin damage.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.129-145
• /
• 2014

To evaluate the potential of Hypochoeris radicata L. for the development of environment-friendly organic materials, its growth characteristics, allelopathic effects and antifungal activity was investigated. The growth characteristics of H. radicata L. was investigated by measuring comparative number of shoot and flower, and the diameters of clones in mowing areas and non-mowing areas, respectively. As a result, the number of shoot and flower, and diameters of clones of H. radicata L. grown in mowing areas were much higher than those grown in non-mowing areas. Water extracts of H. radicata L. inhibited seed germination, and shoot, root and root hair growth of 14 test plants including Trifolium pratense, Festuca myuros, Bidens bipinnata and finally reduced heir biomass remarkably. The inhibitory effect of the extract was different depending on the kind and the part of tested plants. The extracts showed high antifungal activity against Pythium spp. and Phytophthora However, it showed comparably less antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani than Pythium spp. and Phytophthora. In conclusion, cutting H. radicata L. resulted increase of its vegetative and seed propagation and helped it to form large colony. Also it had an effect on growth of microbes and germination and growth of other plants. Therefore H. radicata L. holds the competitive dominant position in plant ecosystem in Jeju Island and it can be used as candidate of environment-friendly organic materials.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.92-96
• /
• 1987

To find out the productivity of temperate grasses on the south and north slope, a field experiment was conducted with five forage species of Cactylis glomerata, Festuca arundinacea, Phleum pratense, Agrostis gigantea and Trifolium repens. It was treated by randomized block design with 4 replications and lasted from September, 1983 to October, 1986 in Suweon. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. During the vegetative period for three years, the mean surface temperature and soil temperature at a depth of lOcm on the south exposure were 2.0^{\circ}C$ and 0.8^{\circ}C$ respectively higher than that of north slope, but the soil temperature between exposures were practically not different in the mid-summer season. 2. Early growth and development of forage species on the north exposure were better than that of species on the south slope. 3. Average DM yield of grasses on the north slope was much more increased than that of species on the south, however, Trifolium repens was more positive in the south. 4. Otherwise average DM yield of Dactylis glomerata and Festuca arundinacea on the north slope was a little more increased, that of Phleum pratense and Agrostis gigantea was much more increased than that of same forage species on the south.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.71-99
• /
• 2022

This study was conducted to investigate the vascular flora of Masan, located in Goseong-gun, Gangwon-do, and to comprehend the distribution of remarkable plants such as rare and Korea endemic plants and invasive alien plants. The survey was carried out the distribution of vascular plants 11 times per season from 2010 to 2018. A total of 619 taxa in 93 families, 328 genera, 529 species, 6 subspecies, 78 varieties and 6 forms were identified on mt. Masan. Among them, Korean endemic plants are 21 taxa including Saussurea diamantica Nakai and are plants designated by the Korea Forest Service are 20 taxa counting Saxifraga octopetala Nakai. Invasive alien plants were classified a total of 35 taxa inclusive of Trifolium pratense L. (WS), Aster pilosus Willd. (SS), Coreopsis lanceolata L. (SR), Rumex obtusifolius L. (SC) and Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennell (CS). The naturalization rate was 5% and the urbanization index was 10.0%, respectively. Although this study identified the diverse distribution of major plants such as rare and endemic plants around Masan, it was confirmed that invasive alien plants, which pose a great threat to forest biodiversity conservation and promotion, spread and distributed in a specific section Therefore, it is urgent to establish a conservation strategy and countermeasures.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.171-177
• /
• 1992

The purpose of this study was to compare the test methods for predicting field emergence of Lotus corniculatus and Trifolium pratense. Four seed lots of two herbage legumes were controlled deteriorated, accelerated aged before germination test and conductivity of each seed lot was determined. Those germination percent and conductivity of seed lots were compared with actual field emergence rate. Field emergence rate could be estimated by the controlled deterioration test ($R^2$=0.687), by the accelerated aging test ($R^2$=0.260), and by the conductivity test ($R^2$=0.238). A multiple regression equation for predicting field emergence rate(equation omitted) was estimated as (equation omitted)=-198.16 ＋ 2.3493X$_1$-1.5564X$_2$ ＋ 1.9812X$_3$where X$_1$, percent germination of controlled deterioration test ; X$_2$, percent germination of accelerated aging test; and X$_3$, conductivity of solute leakage in the conductivity test. Conclusively, unless multiple tests are not available, the controlled deterioration test was comparatively high efficient for predicting field emergence rate, however, the combined measurements of those three tests can enhance the efficiency.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.293-304
• /
• 1997

A field experiment was conducted at the forage experimental plots, Seoul National University, Suweon h m 1995 to 1996 to determine the effect of legume residues as a N source and N fertilizer on corn (Zea mays L.) silage yield, N uptake, and availability of inorganic N in the soil. Corn was grown following (i) red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), (ii) crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.), (iii) alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and (iv) winter fallow. The plots were split into two rates of fertilizer N (0 and 90kg Nlha) in a split-plot experimental plan. Compared with fallow treatment, legumes depleted soil water in the surface 15cm at corn planting by 17 to 26%. As a result, corn emergence was markedly delayed with legume residues by 8 to 11 days. Corn silage DM yield was significantly reduced in the presence of legume residues by 2.0 to 3.4 and 1.5 to 2.5 tonlha compared with winter fallow treatment at 0 and 90kg fertilizer Nlha, respectively, but no significant difference in the corn DM yield was found between legume residue treatments. There was an overall tendency for increased corn yields with 90kg fertilizer Nlha compared to Okg fertilizer Nlha, although not all yield increases were significantly greater. The corn yield response to applied N suggests that a source of N from legume residues was not sufficient for a succeeding corn crop. There was significantly more N (P

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.313-322
• /
• 2007

The object of this experiment was to investigate the food habits of dairy goats fed with various roughage sources. The experimental trials were conducted at Chungnam National University in 2007. The experimental roughages include five sources and 25 species in all; grass sources: 5 species (Lolium perenne, Festuca arundinacea, Poa pratensis, Agrostis alba and mixed grass, legume sources: 5 species (Trifolium pratense, Medicago sativa, Trifolium repens, Melilotus officinalis and Vicia villosa), browse sources : 5 species (Quercus serrata Thunb., Prunus jamasakura Sieb., Quercus aliena Blume, Robinia pseudoaccacia and Pinus densiflora), weed sources: 5 species (Artemisia princeps Pampanini, Erigeron canadensis, Alopecurus aegualis Sobolewski, Echinochloa crusgalli var. frumentacea (Roxb.) Wight and Rumex crispus), and native grass sources: 5 species (Zoysia japonica Steudel, Agropyron tsukushiense var. transiens (Hack) Ohwi., Arundinella hirta (Thunb.) Tanaka, Miscanthus sinensis Anderss and Phragmites comunis Trin). Ten dairy goats(Saanen) were selected which had nearly the same body weight(average 31kg). Experimental roughages were prepared by 0.5kg per 1 species fed to dairy goats, and the experiment was carried out from 09:00 to 18:00. The chemical composition and dry matter digestibility of each roughage source and species were significantly different at the sampling area, plant species, growth stages and cutting period. The dairy goats ate more roughages which had low fibrous contents, but high dry matter digestibility. Among all the 25 species of roughages, the favorite intake species order by dairy goat was observed like this: perennial ryegrass, tall fescue and red clover, respectively, and the lower intake species order was Rumex crispus. On the other hand, compared to each roughage source, total intake amount by dairy goats was showed as forage grasses (59.0%) which contained grasses(33.3%) and legumes (25.7%), browse (19.6%), weeds (15.9%) and native grasses (5.5%). Based on the result, the food intake type of dairy goats seems to be closer to grazer type.