• 한국농공학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.70-81
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• 1996

Solutions of geotechnical engineering problems require predictions of deformation and stresses during various stages of loading. Powerful numerical methods are available to make such predictions even for complicated problems. To get accurate results, realistic stress-strain relationships of soils are dependent on a number of factors such as soil type, density, stress level and stress path. Attempts are continuously being made to develope analytical models for soils incorporating all such factors. Isotropic compression-expansion test and a series of drained conventional triaxial tests with several stress path for Baekma river sand were performed to investigate stress-strain and volume change characteristics of Lade's single work hardening model dependant on the stress path. In order to predicted of stress-strain and volumetric strain behavior were determined the values of parameters for the mode by the computer program based on the regression analysis. Predicted stress-strain behavior of triaxial compression tests and optional stress path tests for increasing confining pressure with parameters obtained conventional triaxial compression tests agreed with several test results but the prediction results for decreasing confining pressure reduced triaxial compression tests make a little difference with test results.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.9-18
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• 1996

실험실에서 재 성형한 정규압밀점토에 대하여 실시된 일련의 삼축압축시험 거동결과를 등방단일경화구성모델에 의한 예측치와 비교검토한다. 이 모델사용에 필요한 열한개의 계수는 등방압밀공시체에 대한 비배수삼축압축시험 결과로부터 간단히 결정된다. 이렇게 결정된 계수를 활용한 이 모델로 이방압밀공시체를 대상으로 한 비배수삼축압축시험시의 응력-변형률 및 간극 수압의 거동이 예측된다. 또한 등방압밀공시체 및 이방압밀공시체를 대상으로 실시한 배수삼축 압축시의 응력-변형률 및 체적변형률 거동예측에도 이 모델을 적용하였다. 예측치와 시험치의 비교결과 비배수삼축압축시험의 경우는 등방압밀공시체와 이방압밀공시체 모두에 좋은 일치를 보이고 있다. 그러나 배수삼축압축시험의 경우는 초기 체적변형률의 예측치가 시험치보다 약간 작게 나타나다가 파괴점에 근접함에 따라서는 예측치가 시험치보다 커지는 경향을 보이고 있다. 그러나 전반적인 응력 -변형률거동은 좋은 일치를 보이고 있음을 알 수 있다. 따라서, 본 연구결과 이 모델은 정규압밀점토의 거동예측에 적용성이 충분히 있다고 생각된다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.713-723
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• 2016

Shear wave velocities of three selected sandy soils subject to drained triaxial compression test were continuously measured using the bender elements. The shear wave velocity during isotropic compression, as widely recognized, increased as confining pressure increased and they were correlated well. However, during drained shearing, the mean effective stress could no further provide a suitable correlation. The shear wave velocity during this stage was almost constant with respect to the mean effective stress. The vertical stress was found to be more favorable at this stage (since confining stress was kept constant). When sample was attained its peak stress, the shear wave velocity reduced and deviated from the previously existed trend line. This was probably caused by the non-uniformity induced by the formation of shear band. Subsequently, void ratios computed based on external measurements could not provide reasonable fitting to the initial stage of post-peak shear wave velocity. At very large strain levels after shear band formation, the digital images revealed that sample may internally re-arrange itself to be in a more uniform loose stage. This final stage void ratio estimated based on the proposed correlation derived during pre-peak state was close to the value of the maximum void ratio.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.301-311
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• 2020

In this study, shear strength behavior of fine-grained soils was investigated under unsaturated conditions. The samples in the unsaturated state were subjected to a net normal stress (σ-u_a) of 40 kPa and different matric suctions (u_a-u_w) of 50, 100 and 150 kPa. The matric suction values applied in the triaxial tests were selected according to the bubbling pressures determined from the SWC curves. The study was carried out on prepared re-constituted cylindrical samples by uniaxial consolidation of soil slurries. First, consolidated drained (CD) triaxial compression tests were performed on the saturated samples and the cohesion and angle of internal friction were determined. After that, drained triaxial compression tests under matric suctions were performed on the unsaturated samples. In order to obtain unsaturated test results, cohesion and internal friction angle values of saturated samples were used. The nonlinear surface representing the shear strength surface was approximated consisting of two planes (double planar surface). The reason for the nonlinear behavior of some soils is that the amount of sand content contained in it is relatively high and the bubbling pressure/permanent water content value is relatively low.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.70-79
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• 1999

The lower ground of structure, in which the strip loads, such as earth dams and embankments , are signiificantly working on , is required to be interpreted as a state of plane strain where the strain of intermediated principal stress direction is put '0' . The plane strain state is frquently observed in actural soil engineering case. For those case, drained stress-strain and strength behavior of Iksan weathered granite soil prepared in cubical specimens with cross-anisotropic fabric was studied by conventional triaxial compression, plane strain and cubial triaxial tests with independent control of the three principal stress. All specimens were loaded under conditions of principl stress directions fixed and aligned with the directions of the material axes. As a result of research , when a ground condition is analyzed under plane strain state, the shear strength obtained from the conventional triaxial compression test can be understimated.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.279-295
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• 2014

A series of one-dimensional consolidation tests and triaxial creep tests were performed on Nansha clays, which are interactive marine and terrestrial deposits, to investigate their time-dependent behaviour. Based on experimental observations of oedometer tests, normally consolidated soils exhibit larger secondary compression than overconsolidated soils; the secondary consolidation coefficient ($C_{\alpha}$) generally gets the maximum value as load approaches the preconsolidation pressure. The postsurcharge secondary consolidation coefficient ($C_{\alpha}$') is significantly less than $C_{\alpha}$. The observed secondary compression behaviour is consistent with the $C_{\alpha}/C_c$ concept, regardless of surcharging. The $C_{\alpha}/C_c$ ratio is a constant that is applicable to the recompression and compression ranges. Compared with the stage-loading test, the single-loading oedometer test can evaluate the entire process of secondary compression; $C_{\alpha}$ varies significantly with time and is larger than the $C_{\alpha}$ obtained from the stage-loading test. Based on experimental observations of triaxial creep tests, the creep for the drained state differs from the creep for the undrained state. The behaviour can be predicted by a characteristic relationship among axial strain rate, deviator stress level and time.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.64-73
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• 1996

The three-dimensional strength behavior of compacted decomposed granite soil was studied using cubical triaxial tests with independent control of the three principal stresses. All specimens were loaded under conditions of principal stress direction fixed and aligned with the directions of compacted plane. For comparable test conditions, the major principal strain and volume strain to failure were smallest when the major principal stress acted perpendicular to the compacted plane. The opposite extremes were obtained when the major principal stress acted parallel to the compacted plane. In cubical triaxial tests with same b values and with ${\theta}$ values in one of three sectors of the octahedral plane, independent of the range of ${\theta}$, higher friction angles are obtained in tests with b greater than in triaxial compression tests in which b 0.0, Comparison between the results of the drained cubical triaxial tests on lksan compacted decomposed granite soil and the cross section of the Mohr-Coulomb failure surface as well as the cross section of the Mohr-Coulomb failure surface were made. Lade's isotropic failure criterion based on vertical specimens overestimates the strengths for tests performed with values of 0 between 90˚ and 1 50˚ the Mohr-Coulomb criterion generally underestimates the strengths of tests performed with values of ${\theta}$ between $0^{\circ}$ and $180^{\circ}$ except around the $120^{\circ}$.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 불포화토의 역학특성을 해명하기 위하여 4개의 횡변위 계측시스템(proximeter)을 이용하는 방법으로 포화 삼축시험기를 개량하여 불포화 삼축압축시험을 수행하였다. 등방응력조건하에서 다양한 석션을 작용시켜 압축 특성을 검토한 결과, 공시체의 초기 석션 보다 작은 석션을 작용시켰을 경우 흡수에 의한 체적압축(wetting collapse)이 발생함을 알았다. 또한 다양한 석션 레벨 및 구속압에서 삼축압축시험을 수행하여, 불포화토에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 그 결과, 초기 석션이 클수록 동일 축변형률에 대한 전단강도가 커지고 체적변형률이 작게 나타났다. 그러나, 구속압에 의한 체적변형률 및 배수량의 변화는 작게 나타났으며, 구속압 보다는 초기 석션에 더 의존하고 있다는 사실을 알았다.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.111-118
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• 1994

A series of drained cubical triaxial tests was performed to investigate the finfluence of the intermediate principal stress on the deformation and strength characteristics of sand. Test results showed that the strength of sand as represented by the friction angle increased from triaxial compression condition (b:0) with increasing magnitude of the intermediate principal stress until the vus of b reached 0.75, land it decreased slightly with closing to b= 1. Also it was found that the projection of the plastic strain increment vector on the octahedral plane was perpendicular to the trace of the failure surface on that plane. The prediction by the isotropic single hardening model sllowed good coinidence with experimental results.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 수치적 구성방정식인 연속 탄소성 캡 모델의 정수추정에 관한 방법이 제시되었다. 캡 모델을 이용하여 실제 토질의 거동을 예측하기 위하여서는 캡 모델을 이루는 토질의 물성과 직접적으로 연관된 여덟개의 정수가 결정되어야 한다. 이를 위하여 첫 번째로, Ottawa 모래를 사용하여 표준압밀시험기를 이용한 일축압축시험 및 배수삼축압측 시험이 토질거동의 실제기준값으로서 수행되었고, 두 번째로 탄소성 캡 수치해석모델의 반응을 실내실험값에 일치시키기 위하여 추정된 정수들을 사용한 수치실험이 수행되었다. 두 실험 간의 오차를 최소화하기 위하여 최적화 기법이 사용되었으며, 최적화 후 결정된 8개의 정수는 실내실험결과와 비교되었다. 특히, 수치적 삼축압축시험시 응력계산에 따른 수평변위 측정에 특별한 주의가 필요하다.