• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1996년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.243-246
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• 1996

This study was peformed to characterize the physiological signal prior to develop an algorithm which quantifies EEGs evoked by tactile stimulation. The experiment was devised with four experimental conditions, which were control and two levels of pressures in tactile sensation. Twenty subjects were used to obtain EEGs while applying tactile stimulation using two types of textiles, soft towel and sand paper, to the right hand of each subject. EEGs were acquired for 20 seconds, and each trial was repeated five times randomly at the different levels of stimulus intensities. The index, $S_{n}$, was obtained by calculating the ratio of energy distribution in the time-frequency plot for each scored psychological state of the subject. The results showed that dominant aspects of the EEG signals have their maximal frequencies concentrated at a lower ranges for the resting and pleasant state, while the spectral energies were distributed to higher frequency ranges when subjects experience an unpleasant emotion.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.161-173
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• 1991

앉은 자세에서 동적 작업을 수행하는 6명의 실험대상자에 작용하는 관절 모멘트에 대해 통계학적인 해석을 수행하였다. 본 연구에서는 곧게 앉은 자세에서 1kg의 물체를 오른손에 들고 가슴 앞쪽에서 어깨 높이로 물체를 왕복으로 움직이는 작업에 대하여 미시간대학 생체역학 실험실에서 얻은 실험자료를 사용하였다. 각 실험대상자에게 동일한 작업을 3 번씩 수행하게 하여 얻은 자료를 기초로 3 차원 생체역학 모델을 사용하여 손목, 팔꿈치, 어깨관절, 세번째 요추관절, 고관절, 무릎 및 발목과 같은 주요 관절에 작용하는 모멘트를 계산하였다. 관절 모멘트의 실험대상자 사이의 차이와 수행 사이의 차이를 고찰하기 위하여 선형상관계수와 이원분산분석을 적용하였다. 세번째 요추관절에서 가장 큰 크기의 모멘트가 작용하였고 가장 큰 변화량을 나타내었으며, 모멘트와 본 연구에서 시도한 모멘트의 차원을 갖는 량 사이에 선형적인 상관관계를 찾을 수 없었으며, 각 관절에 작용하는 모멘트의 최대값과 변화량은 3번의 수행 사이에서 통계학적으로 동일하지만 6 명의 실험대상자 사이에는 통계학적으로 동일하지 않다는 결과를 얻었다.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.365-376
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• 2018

Purpose: This study investigates research trends in the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) and Movement journal. Methods: This study analyzes the frequency of keywords and their coincidences with medical subject headings (MeSH) over 15 years in 315 papers from volume 1, issue 1 to volume 15, issue 3 of a journal published by the Korean Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Association. The research types and levels are also analyzed, and the journals are classified by subject, diagnosis, application of PNF, and technique used when PNF is applied. All of the variables are classified in five-year units and their trends are examined. Results: A total of 315 papers were published in 40 issues, and 1190 keywords were used over 15 years. The most frequently used keyword was "PNF." For the keywords that coincided with the MeSH, there were 235 (19.74%) complete coincidence words, 167 (14.03%) incomplete coincidence words, and 788 (66.21%) complete incoincidence words. Thus, the number of complete incoincidence words was the largest. For research types, there were 196 (61.90%) experimental studies, which was the most studied research type. For research levels, there were 155 (49.21%) Level 3 studies (non-randomized trial), which was the research level with the largest number of papers. Normal people were the most common subjects (121 cases, 38.41%), and the number of papers that did not use PNF was 187 (59.37%), which was larger than those that used PNF. The most frequently used combination technique was isotonics when PNF was used. Conclusion: Basic data on PNF-related research was obtained by analyzing papers published over the past 15 years. This information can be used to suggest future directions for PNF research.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.94-102
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• 1991

This study was directed to further clarify the effect of resting time or dietary condition for the improvement of exercise capacity and physical fitness, and the changes of some body consitiuents and physiological functions which are related to the exercise metabolism. Sixteen male students(8 athletes and 8 nonathletes)were participated during 3 weeks(Aug. 20-Sep.9, 1989). Each subject performed two treadmill running trials at an absolute intensity (1 mintute in 3.4mph/15% slope and 2 minutes in 5.5mph/20% slope). In the resting time trials, general diet was fed before 1, 2, 4 and 12 hours of the treadmill exercise loaded. in the dietary condition trials, high carbohydrate(HC), high fat(HF) and high protein(HP) diet were fed before 2 hours of the treadmill exercise loaded. Control trial was that of resting time before treadmill exercise loaded after 12 hours of general diet feeding. Measurement were made to study the change of blood glucose, palmitate, lactate, blood pressure and heart rate. The results obtained are summarized as follows: Mean daily metabolizable period. In resting time trial, the blood glucose concentration of athlete and nonathlete from 2 hours group was similar to control group. The blood palmitate concentration of athlete was increased in 1 and 2 hours group but those of nonathlete was not only increased in 1 and2 hours group but was more increased in 12 hours group, compared with both control group. The blood lactate concentration was increased in all experimental group, compared with both control group and those of nonathlete was much higher than athlets. The elevation rate of blood pressure in pre-and after-exercise of athlete was lower than those of nonathlete. In dietary composition trial, the blood glucose concentration of athlete and nonathlete in HC group was higher than other diet groups. The blood lactate concentration of athlete and nonathlete in HC group was lower than other diet groups. There was no remarkable change of the blood palmitate concentration and heart rate in each dietary composition trial, but those of nonathlete was low in HC and high in HP group. In above results, it was suggested that the effective condition of resting time and dietary composition for the improvement of exercise capacity of nonathlete may be 2 hours and HC diet, respectively. But it was showed that the exercise capacity of athlete may not be affected by experimental condition of resting time, except 1 hour after feeding or of dietary composition because of well adaptation in new exercise condition.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.251-263
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• 2022

제1상 임상시험은 '투약 용량 발견 시험(dose finding study)'라고도 불리는데 동물 실험 또는 시험관 실험을 통하여 개발된 신약 물질을 사람에게 시험하는 첫 단계이다. 제 1상 임상시험의 목적 중 하나는 환자에게 허용할 수 있으면서 최대의 효능을 가진 복용량인 최대허용용량(maximum tolerated dose, MTD)을 결정하는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 다양한 멈춤 규칙을 이용한 MTD 추정법들을 소개한다. 또한 모의실험을 통해 SM3, NM, Rim, J3, BSM 방법을 비교하고 효율적인 MTD 추정법에 대해 고찰한다. 모의실험 결과 BSM방법이 목표독성확률에 가장 가깝게 MTD를 추정하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 J3방법의 피험자 수가 가장 적었다. 이러한 결과는 두 방법의 멈춤 규칙의 특성 때문이라고 판단되는데 BSM방법은 독성 반응이 있을 때 같은 용량에 피험자를 2명 또는 1명을 추가한다. 또한 J3방법은 동일한 용량에 할당되는 최대 피험자 수가 다른 방법에 비해 적다. 이러한 특성들을 결합하여 추정법을 개선한다면 더 효율적으로 MTD를 추정할 수 있을 것이다. 특히 BSM방법의 멈춤 규칙을 이용하면서 총 피험자 수를 줄일 수 있다면 적은 수의 피험자로 정확한 추정이 가능할 것이다.

• 대한기관윤리심의기구협의회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.36-41
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate how university hospital Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) in Korea classify risk when reviewing clinical trial protocols. Methods: IRB experts (IRB chairman, vice chairman, IRB administrator) in the university hospitals obtaining a Human research protection program (HRPP) or IRB accreditation in Korea were asked to fill out the Google Survey from September 1, 2020 to October 10, 2020. Result: Among the 23 responder hospitals, 8 were accredited by the American Association for Human Research Protection Program (AAHRPP) and 8 were accredited by the HRPP of Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS). Seven were accredited by Forum for Ethical Review Committees in Asia and the Western Pacific or Korea National Institution for Bioethics Policy. Thirteen of 23 hospitals (56.5%) had 4 levels (less than minimal, low, moderate, high risk), 4 hospitals had 3 levels (less than, slightly over, over than minimal risk), 1 hospital had 5 levels (4 levels plus required data safety monitoring board), and 1 hospital had 2 levels (less than, over than minimal risk) risk classification system. Thirteen of 23 hospitals (56.5%) had difficulty classifying the risk levels of research protocols. Fourteen hospitals (60.9%) responded that different standards among hospitals for risk level determination associated with clinical trials will affect the subject protection. Six hospitals (26.1%) responded that it will not. Three hospitals (13.0%) responded that it will affect the beginning of the clinical trial. To resolve differences in standards between hospitals, 14 hospitals (60.9%) responded that either the Korean Association of IRB or MFDS needs to provide a guideline for risk level determination in clinical trials: 5 hospitals (21.7%) responded education for IRB members and researchers is needed; 3 hospitals (13.0%) responded that difference among institutions needs to be acknowledged; and 1 hospital (4.3%) responded that there needs to be communication among IRB, investigator, and sponsor. Conclusion: After conducting a nationwide survey on how IRB in university hospital determines risk during review of clinical trials, it is reasonable to use 4-level risk classification (less than minimal, low, moderate, high risk); the most utilized method among hospitals. Moreover, personal information and conflict of interest associated with clinical trials have to be considered when reviewing clinical trial protocols.

• 동아시아경상학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.5-15
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• 2016

With vigorous development of global network community, smart phones and mobile devices, enterprises can rapidly collect various kinds of data from internal and external environments. How to discover valuable information and transform it into new business opportunities from big data which grow rapidly is an extremely important issue for current enterprises. This study treats Company S as the subject and tries to find the factors of big data application in enterprises by a modified Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) and perceived benefits - perceived barriers relation matrix as reference for big data application and management of managers or marketing personnel in other organizations or related industry.

• BMB Reports
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.232-237
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• 2011

Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is a major cause of upper and lower respiratory tract illness in infants and young children worldwide. Despite its importance as a respiratory pathogen, there is currently no licensed vaccine for prophylaxis of HRSV infection. There are several hurdles complicating the development of a RSV vaccine: 1) incomplete immunity to natural RSV infection leading to frequent re-infection, 2) immature immune system and maternal antibodies of newborn infants who are the primary subject population, and 3) imbalanced Th2-biased immune responses to certain vaccine candidates leading to exacerbated pulmonary disease. After the failure of an initial trial featuring formalin-inactivated virus as a RSV vaccine, more careful and deliberate efforts have been made towards the development of safe and effective RSV vaccines without vaccine-enhanced disease. A wide array of RSV vaccine strategies is being developed, including live-attenuated viruses, protein subunit-based, and vector-based candidates. Though licensed vaccines remain to be developed, our great efforts will lead us to reach the goal of attaining safe and effective RSV vaccines in the near future.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.393-396
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• 2004

It have been proceeded that research of analysis of extrusion process using porthole die. recently it is performed partly through the finite element method in the non steady state that design variables. The subject of this research is integrity improvement of speaker body which is being produced by porthole die extrusion in my country. Extrusion load of speaker case, and welding pressure of billet in the chamber are estimated by the means of rigid-plasticity finite element method. And then extrusion of trial was performed to estimate the validity of FE analysis.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2003년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.77-87
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• 2003

This paper describes recently developed PC based Aids to Navigation Training Simulator (AtoN-TS) using Virtual Reality Modeling language (VRML). The purpose of AtoN-TS is to train entry-level cadets to reduce the amount of sea-time training. The practical application procedure of VR technology to implement AtoN-TS is represented. The construction method of virtual waterway world, according to the guidelines of International Association of Lighthouse Authorities (IALA) is proposed. Design concepts and simulation experiments are also discussed. Results from trial tests and evaluations by subject assessment, provide practical insight on the importance of AtoN-TS.