• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.49-60
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 국방개혁의 추진과정을 개관하고, 병역제도의 발전과정에서 시행되어 온 대체복무제도 운영실태를 분석하여 이공계 전문인력의 효율적 활용방안을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 제2장에서 병역제도의 개념과 변화요인을 살펴보고, 제3장에서는 이공계 전문인력 활용과 관련된 사례를 분석하였다. 제4장에서는 도출된 시사점을 토대로 병역제도 개선소요를 파악하여 관련 부처의 역할을 제시하였다. 제5장 결론에서는 앞서 논의된 결과를 요약하여 제시하는 방향으로 논지를 전개하였다. 연구결과 도출된 결론은 첫째, 대체복무제도의 존폐여부에 대한 사회적 합의를 도출하여 바람직한 방향으로 병역제도를 발전시켜야 하며, 둘째, 가칭 국군과학부대를 창설하여 우수한 이공계 전문인력을 장교 및 부사관으로 양성하여 개인의 발전과 국가경제의 발전에 기여할 수 있도록 해야 한다. 특히 법적, 제도적 개선소요를 모색하는 과정에서 과거에 시행되었던 제도의 시행착오와 실패사례를 반복하는 우를 범하지 않도록 해야 한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.523-532
• /
• 2004

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of microbial phytase ($Natuphos^{R}$) supplementation in combination with enzyme complex (composed of enzymes targeted to SBM dietary components such as $\alpha$-galactosides and galactomannans; $Endo-Power^{R}$) to diet with low nutrient levels on growth performance and ileal nutrient digestibility of weaned pigs. A total of 210 crossbred weaned pigs (Landrace$\times$Yorkshire$\times$Duroc), 6.68$\pm$0.98 kg of initial body weight, were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments, based on weight and age, according to a randomized complete block design. There were three pens per treatment and 14 pigs per pen. The dietary treatments were 1) CON (Control diet with no phytase and enzyme complex (EC)), 2) LP+EC 100 (Control diet with 0.15% unit lower available phosphorus (aP) level+0.1% phytase (500 FTU/kg diet) and 0.1% enzyme complex), 3) LP+EC 80 (Control diet with 0.15% unit lower aP level+0.08% phytase (400 FTU/kg diet) and 0.08% enzyme complex, 4) LPEA+EC 100 (Control diet with 0.15% unit lower aP and 3% lower ME and amino acid levels (lysine, methionine, threonine and typtophan)+0.1% phytase (500 FTU/kg diet) and 0.1% enzyme complex), 5) LPEA+EC 80 (Control diet with 0.15% unit lower aP and 3% lower ME and amino acid levels+0.08% phytase (400 FTU/ kg diet) and 0.08% enzyme complex). For the determination of ileal nutrients digestibility, a total of 15 T-cannulated pigs (initial body weight; 7.52$\pm$1.24 kg; 3 replicates per treatment) were used in the present study. Piglets were weighted and allotted into same dietary treatments as one in growth trial and phase I experimental diets were provided for ileal digestibility study. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) among dietary treatments during the whole experimental period (0 to 5 weeks). However, piglets in LP+EC 100 group had a significantly higher gain/feed ratio (G:F) than piglets had in control (p<0.05). Crude protein, energy and phosphorus digestibilities were significantly improved when both of phytase and enzyme complex were supplemented at the revel of 0.1%, respectively to diets with low nutrient level (aP or (and) ME and amino acids) (p<0.05). Piglets in LP+EC 100 and LPEA+EC 100 groups showed significantly higher phosphorus content (%) in bone than that of piglets in control group (p<0.05). Supplementation of both of phytase and enzyme complex at 0.1%, respectively, to diet with low nutrient levels (aP or (and) ME and amino acids) significantly improved total ileal essential amino acid and nonessential amino acid digestibilities compared to control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, the results from the present study suggest that the simultaneous inclusion of phytase and enzyme complex to diets at recommended level is advantageous with respect to improving growth performance and nutrient digestibility of weaned pigs and may contribute to increased economic return when added to corn-soy based weaned pig diets.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2005

With recent interest organic farming the use of legumes including vetch and clover to provide N to adjacent crops is increasing in Korea. In the present studies, we conducted a trial to investigate the effects of the application of N rate on nitrogen fixation and transfer from vetch to barley in mixed stands. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Four different N rates(0, 75, 113 and 150/ha) was used and vetch+barley was broadcasted manually on 1.5 $\times$2 m plot in Oct. 2001. Half of urea and K$_{2}O, 200 Phosphate and 75 kg potash per ha were applied as basal dressing md half of N md 75 potash were used for topdressing to soil surface on MarctL 2002. The equivalent of 1kg ha$^{-1}$ at($^{15}$NH$_{4}$)$_{2}$SO$_{4}$ solution at 99.8 atom $\%$$^{15}$N excess was applied to the microplot in mid April. Forage was harvested from each plot at ground level and separated into barley and vetch. Total N content and It values of samples were determined using a continuous flow stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry(IsoPrime-EA. Micromass, UK.). The percentage of legume H fixed from atmospheric N2 were 95.0, 93.8, 94.4 and $84.8\%$ with increment of N levels. The percentage of N transfer from vetch to barley by N-difference method with increment of N fertilizer were from 58 to$49\%$ while 39 to $23\%$ in $^{15}$N-dilution method. The amount of transfer from vetch to barley were 87 to 68 kg/ ha with N level by N-difference moth여 and 58 to -56/ha with N application levels by $^{15}$N dilution method. The amount of nitrogen fixation per ha were from 150 kg / ha to 219 kg / ha by different method, but on the other side 49 to 105kg/ha by N$^{15}$-dilution.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제11권5호
• /
• pp.1845-1855
• /
• 2010

해외진출기업의 브랜드 개발을 위한 브랜드 컨설팅은 현지의 시장 및 소비자 분석, 그리고 기업의 역량 및 자원에 대한 진단을 포함한 내외부의 환경 분석에서부터, 브랜드 전략의 수립, 브랜드 컨셉의 개발, 그리고 디자인 개발에 이르기 까지 제품의 해외 런칭 이전에 선행되는 많은 단계들을 포함하는 개념이다. 따라서 해외진출 브랜드 컨설팅은 브랜드에 대한 전문성을 바탕으로 한 국제마케팅, 디자인, 그리고 국내외 상표권 전문가들의 공동노력이 이루어질 때만이 성공적인 수행이 가능하다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 해외진출기업의 브랜드 개발, 특히 기업역량이 대기업들에 비해 상대적으로 더 적은 것으로 평가되는 중소기업의 비영어권 국가 진출 시 현지브랜드 개발을 지원하기 위한 브랜드 컨설팅 프레임워크를 제시하기 위해서 진행되었다. 본 연구는 중소기업들을 대상으로 현지브랜드에 대한 수요조사 결과를 포함한다. 그리고 다년간에 걸친 시행착오를 거쳐 현장에서 이루어진 브랜드 컨설팅 프레임워크는 현지브랜드 컨설팅을 수행하는 브랜드 전문가뿐만 아니라 해외진출 브랜드 컨설팅을 의뢰하는 중소기업들에게도 상당히 의미 있는 지침이 되리라고 기대한다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제57권10호
• /
• pp.36.1-36.9
• /
• 2015

Background: This study examined the effects of dietary supplementation with rice bran, sire breed and gender on live animal performance and carcass characteristics in Australian crossbred and purebred Merino lambs. Methods: Forty-eight lambs balanced by sire breed (Dorset, White Suffolk, Merino) and gender (ewe, wether) were randomly allocated into three dietary supplementation groups (Control- 24 lambs fed wheat/barley-based pellets, Low- 12 animals fed a 50/50 ratio of wheat-based/rice bran pellets, and High- 12 lambs fed rice bran pellets). The Rice bran pellets replaced 19 % of the barley component of the feed. Animals were group-fed at the rate of 1000 g of the supplement per head per day with ad libitum access to lucerne hay as the basal diet and water. The duration of the feeding trial was 49 days with an initial 21-day adjustment period. Results: Sire breed differences were evident for initial (p < 0.0002) and final (p < 0.0016) liveweights, hot carcass (p < 0.0030) and cold carcass (p < 0.0031) weights, as well as dressing percentage (p < 0.0078), fat thickness (p < 0.0467), yield grade (p < 0.0470) and rib eye area (p < 0.0022) with purebred Merino under-performing compared to the crossbreds. Concentrate feed conversion efficiency, costs per unit of liveweight gain and over the hooks income were comparable between treatments regardless of the observed trend where the high supplementation group tended to show lower feed intake (745.8 g/day) compared to both the control (939.9 g/day) and low supplementation groups (909.6 g/day). No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed between treatments for live animal performance, carcass characteristics, gender and their second-order interactions. Conclusions: Results indicate that Rice bran can be utilised as a cost-effective supplementary feed source in genetically divergent sheep over a 49-day feeding period without detrimental effects on overall live animal performance or carcass characteristics.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제47권6호
• /
• pp.801-809
• /
• 2014

This study was conducted to compare an experimental extruded pellet (EP) and raw fish-based moist pellet (MP) on growth performance, whole-body and dorsal muscle composition, and textural properties of dorsal muscle for olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Four groups of 8,000 fish (initial mean weight $27.1{\pm}0.05g$) per concrete tank ($10{\times}10m$) were fed the experimental diets for 16 months. After the feeding trial, no significant differences were observed in final mean body weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, feed intake, survival, and condition factor between EP and MP groups. However, feed efficiency of fish fed the EP was significantly higher than that of fish fed the MP. Moisture content in the whole-body of fish fed the MP was significantly higher than that of fish fed the EP. Significantly higher contents of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in whole-body and dorsal muscle were observed in fish fed the EP compared with fish fed the MP. Any notable differences in amino acid contents or textural properties of the dorsal muscle were not observed in fish fed either the EP or the MP. The results of this study indicated that the EP could be developed to replace MP for the market size of production in olive flounder without the adverse effects on growth performance. Formulation of the EP could be used as a practical feed for olive flounder.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.7.1-7.8
• /
• 2020

Background: To minimize the use of antibiotics and to obtain a more sustainable fish culture and aquaculture industry, development of alternative natural source of immunostimulant to replace antibiotic in aquafeed is highly needed. Objective: Dietary inclusion effect of yacon (YC), ginger (GG), and blueberry (BB) on growth, body composition, and disease resistance of black rockfish against Vibrio anguillarum was compared to ethoxyquin (EQ). Methods: Four hundred eighty juvenile (an initial weight of 4.2 g) fish were randomly distributed into 12 of 50 L flowthrough tanks (forty fish per tank). Four experimental diets were prepared; the control (Con) diet with 0.01% EQ inclusion, and YC, GG, and BB diets at 1% each additive inclusion. Each additive was included into the experimental diets at the expense of wheat flour. Each diet was assigned to triplicate tanks of fish and hand-fed to satiation twice daily for 8 weeks. At the end of 8-week feeding trial, 20 fish from each tank fish were artificially infected by intraperitoneal injection with 0.1 mL of culture suspension of pathogenic V. anguillarum containing 3.3 × 10⁶ cfu/mL respectively. Fish were monitored for the following 8 days after V. anguillarum infection and dead fish were removed every 6 h for the first 4 days and 12 h for the rest of the study. Results: Weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), and feed efficiency ratio (FER) of fish fed the YC diet was higher than those of fish fed all other diets. However, feed consumption, protein efficiency ratio, and protein retention was not affected by dietary additive. Moisture, crude protein, and crude lipid content of the whole body of fish were affected by dietary additive. Analysis of the Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that survival of fish fed the YC, BB, and GG diets was higher than the Con diet. Conclusion: Oral administration of YC can improve not only weight gain, SGR, and FER of black rockfish, but lower mortality of rockfish at occurrence of V. anguillarum.

• Journal of Magnetics
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.161-169
• /
• 2014

The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) on the alleviation of lumbar myalgia. This is a randomized, real-sham, double blind pilot study. 38 patients were divided into the PEMF group and the Sham group, each of which was composed of 19 patients (1 patient dropped out in the Sham group) of randomized allocation. The PEMF group was treated by using the PEMF device and the Sham group by using a sham device on the lumbar muscle and acupuncture points, three times a week for a total of two weeks. Evaluations of Visual Analogue Scale for bothersomeness (VASB), Visual Analogue Scale for pain intensity (VASP), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), 36-Item Short Form Health Survey Instrument (SF-36), EuroQol-5Dimension (EQ-5D), Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) and Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), etc. before and 1 week after treatment were carried out. The primary outcome measure was the VASB, measured 1 week after the end of the pulsed electromagnetic therapy. VASB scores for the PEMF group changed by $-2.06{\pm}2.12$ from the baseline, and that for the Sham group changed by $-0.52{\pm}0.82$ (p < 0.05). VASP scores for the PEMF group were reduced by $-2.10{\pm}2.12$ from the base line, and that for the Sham group was reduced by $-0.53{\pm}1.50$ (p < 0.05). PEMF group showed significant improvements in all VASB, VASP, ODI, SF-36, EQ-5D, BDI and RMDQ scores, while the Sham group showed significant improvements in all scores, except the VASP score. However, the VASB, VASP and RMDQ scores of the PEMF group were much lower than those of the Sham group. The two groups showed no significant difference in ODI, SF-36, EQ-5D and BDI. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of PEMF treatment for alleviating lumbar myalgia.

• 해양환경안전학회지
• /
• 제24권5호
• /
• pp.519-526
• /
• 2018

본 연구에서는 인명구조활동을 지원하기 위한 피난동선예측 알고리즘 개발의 첫 단계로 피난동선예측 알고리즘의 개념을 정립하고 그 타당성을 수치적으로 명확히 제시하였다. 제안하는 알고리즘은 평상시 선박내 모니터링 시스템으로부터 지속적으로 승객이동 데이터를 취득, 분석, 정형화하고, 재난발생시 이 데이터와 예측 툴을 활용해 도출한 승선자의 피난동선예측 정보를 구조자에게 제공하여 인명피해를 최소화시키는 프로세스로 요약할 수 있다. 피난훈련을 통해 피난특성 데이터를 취득하였고 이를 기존 인명피난예측 툴에 입력하여 피난특성을 예측한 결과, 예측 툴의 구조적 원인으로 인해 가시거리가 충분히 확보되고 피난경로를 충분히 숙지한 상황에서의 피난 시나리오(SN1)에서만 신뢰할 만한 예측결과가 도출되었다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 알고리즘의 타당성을 확인하기 위해 타 분야의 예측 툴을 사용하여 피난특성을 예측한 결과, 제안 알고리즘이 구현될 경우 평균피난시간예측값과 피난동선(지점경유)예측값이 각각 0.6 ~ 6.9 %, 0.6 ~ 3.6 % 범위의 오차에서 실측값과 매우 유사한 경향을 보였다. 향후 선내 모니터링 데이터를 분석하고 이를 활용한 예측성능이 우수한 피난동선예측 알고리즘을 개발할 계획이다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.64-72
• /
• 2013

목적 : 본 연구는 퇴행성 슬관절염 환자의 통증을 줄이고 증상을 개선하는데 있어 현재 침구임상에서 활용되고 있는 온침이 침보다 더욱 유효한지를 알아보기 위하여 임상연구로 시행되었다. 방법 : 총 76명의 퇴행성 슬관절염 지원자가 연구에 참가하였으며, 이들 모두는 선정기준과 제외기준에 의하여 선발되었고 최종적으로 임상연구를 마친 지원자는 66명이었다. 지원자들은 무작위로 온침군과 침군 중에 할당이 되었다. 실험군(온침)에 속한 38명은 온침시술을, 대조군(침)에 속한 38명은 침시술을 받았으며, 8주 동안 총 16회의 시술을 환측의 무릎에 시행하였다. 주된 평가척도는 Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC)이었고, 부수적 평가척도는 physical health score based on the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey(SF-36), Patient Global Assessment이었다. 결과 : 실험군이 대조군에 비해서 WOMAC의 pain, function, total score와 Patient Global Assessment에서 월등한 감소를 나타내었으나 SF-36에서는 유의한 변화가 없었다. 결론 : 이번 연구의 결과를 통해 온침이 침에 비하여 퇴행성 슬관절염 환자의 통증 감소와 기능개선에 유의성있게 효과가 있음을 확인하였다.