• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.1285-1291
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• 1999

A feeding trial was carried out over 238 days to determine the effect of compensatory growth in crossbred calves having 166 kg body weight. Fifteen crossbred calves were divided into two groups of five calves (G1 group) and ten calves (G2 group) as per randomized block design. Growth study was conducted on the feeding of wheat straw based diet containing 60 and 30 percent concentrate supplying equal amount of protein in group G1 and G2 respectively for 119 days (phase - I). At the end of phase-I, calves of G2 group were subdivided in to two groups (G3 and G4). One sub group (G4) received 60% concentrate in their diet (during 120 to 238 days of experiment) while other subgroup G3 received 30% concentrate in their diet (phase-II). The calves of G1 group continued to receive the same diet as during phase-I experiment. Mean DM intake was significantly higher in calves fed high level of concentrate (in G1 and G4 groups), which resulted in significantly higher digestibility of all nutrients except NDF. Nitrogen balance was positive in all the groups and showed significant differences in phase-II (higher nitrogen retention in G4 group than G1 group). ME intake was significantly affected by the level of dietary concentrate, being higher in high concentrate fed group (G1 and G4 than G2 and G3 group). Higher daily body weight gain in the calves of G4 group during phase-II than in G1 and G3 groups was due to compensatory growth on shifting animals from low concentrate to high concentrate based ration. Average daily body weight gain was higher in phase-I than in the phase-II. Protein and energy intake per unit body weight gain were significantly lower in calves fed high concentrate diet.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.23-31
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• 2020

In the construction sector, there were 99 fatalities from falls associated with steel tube and system scaffolds for three years from 2016 to 2018 and out of which 27.3 percent (27 workers) were found to have occurred during installing and dismantling procedure. To erect scaffolding which is installed for the work at height, the work platforms are generally installed first and the safety guardrails are installed and vice versa to dismantle. As a result, workers are exposed to the risk of falling because they erect and dismantle scaffolding without guardrails. To minimize the risk of falling, it is necessary to study a new construction method that can erect or dismantle scaffolding while guardrails are installed (called advanced guardrail system). This study analyzed advanced guardrail system in terms of safety regulation, workability and economic efficiency by investigating the domestic situation on the use of scaffolding, reviewing domestic and foreign standards for guardrails and conducting economic feasibility study. The results of this study is expected to greatly contribute to preventing falls in scaffolding installation and dismantlement procedure. As a follow-up study, empirical research is required including physical test of scaffolding with advanced guardrail system and effectiveness analysis after trial applications.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.360-364
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• 1996

유미흉이란 유미액이 유출되는 현상이다. 그리고 드물게 미만성 폐림프관종증도유미흥을유발하나 이에 대해서는 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 본 교실에서는 유미흥을 동반한미만성 폐림프관종증을경험하였기에 보고하는바이다. 환자는 3세된 여자로 기 침과 발열감을 주소로 내원하였다. 단순 흉부 될영상 양측성 흥막 유출 소견과 간질성 침윤 소견을 보였다. 검사실 소견상흥막 유출은유미액으로밝혀 졌으며,폐쇄식 흥강내 삽관술로조절되지않아흥관결찰술을시행하였다. 병리 조직 검사상흥막과 소엽간중격에서 림프관을따라내퍼세포들이 연결되어 있었으며 림프관이 증식된간질부위에평활근조직을관찰할수있었다. 술후, 수차례의 화학적 홍막 유착술을 시행하여 유미흥을 치료하였으며 환자는 퇴원후 10개월동안 특별한 문제없이 잘 지내고 있다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.38-42
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• 2005

We evaluated the effects of different feeding strategies on the growth of young Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L., in a freshwater recirculating system during summer. Each of twenty fish (Mean body weight$\pm$ SD; 37. 7$\pm$0.10 g) were randomly distributed into each of 24 tanks. Eight treatments were prepared in triplicate. Control fish were hand-fed commercial feed twice daily without starvation. The other seven treatments employed different feeding and starvation strategies ranging from I day starved and 1 day fed (1DS+ 1DF) to 7 days starved to 7 days fed (7DS+7DF). All fish survived to the end of the 44-day feeding trial. The amount of food supplied was highest for the control fish in the control. Food supplied to fish in the 3DS+3DF and 4DS+4DF treatments was significantly lower than that of fish in the 1DS+1DF and 2DS+2DF treatments, but significantly higher than that of fish in the 5DS+5DF, 6DS+6DF and 7DS+7DF treatments. The weight gain of control fish was significantly higher than that of fish in other treatments. Feed efficiency ratio (FER) for fish in the 7DS+7DF treatment was significantly higher than that of fish in the control group, but it did not differ from that of fish in the 1DS+1DF and 2DS+2DF treatments. We concluded that young Nile tilapia raised with different starvation and feeding regimes during the summer in a freshwater recirculating system did not catch up in growth to fish fed daily. However, the enhanced FER of Nile tilapia in the 7DS+ 7DF, 2DS+ 2DF, and 1 DS+ I DF treatments partly explains the compensatory growth of the fish, although their weight gain was relatively low.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2004년도 Asia Navigation Conference
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• pp.217-225
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• 2004

Introduction of wave model, considered the effect of shoaling, refraction, diffraction, partial reflection, bottom friction, breaking at the coastal waters of complex bathymetry, is a very important factor for most coastal engineering design and disaster prevention problems. As waves move from deeper waters to shallow coastal waters, the fundamental wave parameters will change and the wave energy is redistributed along wave crests due to the depth variation, the presence of islands, coastal protection structures, irregularities of the enclosing shore boundaries, and other geological features. Moreover, waves undergo severe change inside the surf zone where wave breaking occurs and in the regions where reflected waves from coastline and structural boundaries interact with the incident waves. Therefore, the application of mild-slope equation model in this field would help for understanding of wave transformation mechanism where many other models could not deal with up to now. The purpose of this study is to form a extended mild-slope equation wave model and make comparison and analysis on variation of harbor responses in the vicinities of Ulsan Harbor and Ulsan New Port, etc. due to construction of New Port in Ulsan Bay. This type of trial might be a milestone for port development in macro scale, where the induced impact analysis in the existing port due to the development could be easily neglected.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 1998

A 20-week growth trial was conducted in flow-through aquarium system to investigate the effects of supplemental macroalgae and spirulina in the diets on growth and body cmposition in juvenile abalone (Haliotis discus hannai). Four replicate groups of the abalone averaging 65mg were fed one of ten isonitrogenous (34%) and isolipidic (7.5%) diets containing 8.1% Ulva, 7.5% Undaria, 11% Laminara, 11% Sargassum, spirulina (5, 10 and 15%), or dried Undaria powder (10 and 20%). In addition, these formulated diets were compared with natural food(dried Undaria). Survival rate of abalone were not significantly affected by the different dietary macoralgae sources, spirulina or dried Undaria powder levels (P>0.05). Weight gain and soft body weight of abalone fed the diet containing Sargassum was significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of abalone fed the diets containing Laminaria, 20% dried Undaria powder and natural food. Survival rate, weight gain, soft body weight and shell length of abalone fed natural food were lowest (P<0.05) among all diet. Moisture, protein and lipid contents of soft body were not influenced by experimental diets except natural food. Lipid content of abalones fed natural food was significantly lower than those of abalone fed other diets (P<0.05). These data indicate that abalone can more efficiently utilize Sargassum than Ulva, Undaria, Laminaria or spirulina.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.659-665
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• 2000

A nitrogen (N) balance trial was conducted to examine the effect of N deprivation on subsequent N retention, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and IGF-I levels and the ratio of IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-3 to IGFBP-l and -2. Pigs in treatment (T) 1 were given diet A (2.39% N) and those in T2 and T3 were given diet B (1.31% N) and excreta were collected (period 1 (P1)). Pigs in T1 continued to receive diet A while diets for T2 and T3 were changed to diets A and C (2.74% N), respectively. The excreta were collected for two more periods (P2 and P3). During P1, pigs in T2 and T3 retained 50% less N (p<0.001) than those in T1. However, pigs provided T2 (p<0.01) and T3 (p<0.05) retained more N than those assigned to T1 during P2. Pigs in T3 tended to retain more (p=0.10) N than those receiving T2 for the same period. The BUN values were lower (p<0.05) for pigs assigned to T2 and T3 than T1 during P1 and P2. Both IGF-I and IGFBP ratios of pigs assigned to T1 were higher (p<0.05) than those given T2 and T3 during P1 but no differences were found during P2 and P3.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1255-1259
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• 2016

Background: Oral physiotherapy or mouth exercise is considered to be an adjunct but mandatory treatment modality for oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). This study planned to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a newly designed mouth exercising device (MED) in OSMF patients receiving local ointment, intra-lesional drugs and surgical treatment. Materials and Methods: A total of 231 OSMF patients were selected and treated with basic regime including topical corticosteroids, oral antioxidants and the icecream-stick exercise regime and allotted randomly to two equal groups A and B. Group-A patients were additionally given MED. Subgroups A1 and B1 patients with an inter-incisal distance (IID) 20-35mm were not given any additional therapy; subgroup A2 and B2 patients (IID 20-35mm) were treated additionally with intra-lesional injections. Subgroups A3 and B3 with IID<20mm were managed surgically. IID was measured at baseline and at 6 months recall. The change in IID measurements was calculated and statistically analyzed using 2-way ANOVA and Tukeys multiple post hoc analysis. Results: Average improvement in IID after six months of recall visits was observed to be 8.4 mm in subgroup-A1 (n-53) compared to 5.5 mm in B1(n-50) (p<0.01). The IID improvement in subgroup-A2 was found to be 9.3mm (n-46) compared to 5.1 mm in B2 (n-48) (p<0.01). In the surgery group, mouth opening improvement was observed to be 9.6 mm in subgroup A3 (n-18) compared to 4.8 mm for B3 (n-16) (p<0.01). Conclusions: Use of the MED appears to be effective for increasing oral opening in OMSF patients in conjunction with local, injection and/or surgical treatment.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.185-189
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• 2012

큰 반소수 n=pq의 소인수 p,q를 직접 찾는 것은 현실적으로 거의 불가능하여 대부분의 소인수분해 알고리즘은 $a^2{\equiv}b^2$(mod n)의 제곱합동을 찾아 p=GCD(a-b,n),q=GCD(a+b,n)의 소인수를 찾는 간접 방법을 적용하고 있다. 제곱합동 a,b을 찾는 다양한 방법이 제안되었지만 100자리 이상인 RSA 수에 대해서는 적용이 쉽지 않다. 본 논문에서는 $xa={\lceil}\sqrt{zn}{\rceil}\;or\;{\lceil}\sqrt{zn}{\rceil}+z+z=1,2,{\cdots}$로 설정하고 $(xa)^2{\equiv}(yb)^2$(mod n)을 찾는 간단한 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 알고리즘은 19 자리 수 까지는 제곱합동을 빠르게 찾는데 성공하였으나 39 자리 수에 대해서는 실패하였다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.84-91
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• 2005

$TiO_2-catalyst$ suspensions work efficiently in Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) for wastewater treatment. Nevertheless, once photocatalysis is completed, separation of the catalyst from solution becomes the main problem. The PCO of Cu(II)-EDTA was studied to determine the reusability of the titanium dioxide catalyst. Aqueous solutions of $10^{-4}M$ Cu(II)-EDTA were treated using illuminated $TiO_2$ particles at pH 6 in a circulating reactor. $TiO_2$ was reused in PCO system for treatment of Cu(II)-EDTA comparing two procedures: reuse of water and $TiO_2$ and reuse of the entire suspension after PCO of Cu(II)-EDTA. The results are as follows; (i) Photocatalytic efficiency worsens with successive runs when catalyst and water are reused without separation and filtration, whereas, when $TiO_2$ is separated from water, the reused $TiO_2$ is not deactivated. (ii) The $TiO_2$ mean recovery (%) with reused $TiO_2$ was 86.4%(1.73g/L). Although the mean initial degradation rate of Cu(II)-EDTA and Cu(II) was lower than that using fresh $TiO_2$, there was no significant change in the rate during the course of the three-trial experiment. It is suggested that Cu(II)-EDTA could be effectively treated using an recycling procedure of PCO and catalyst recovery. (iii) However, without $TiO_2$ separation, the loss of efficiency of the PCO in the use of water and $TiO_2$ due to Cu(II), DOC remained from previous degradation and Cu(II)-EDTA added to the same suspension was observed after 2 trials, and resulted in the inhibition of the Cu(II)-EDTA, Cu(II) and DOC destruction.