• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권11호
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• pp.1705-1714
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• 2019

Objective: Reducing roughage feeding without negatively affecting rumen health is of interest in ruminant nutrition. We investigated the effects of roughage sources and concentrate types on growth performance, ruminal fermentation, and blood metabolite levels in growing cattle. Methods: In this 24-week trial, 24 Hanwoo cattle ($224{\pm}24.7kg$) were fed similar nitrous and energy levels of total mixed ration formulated using two kinds of roughage (timothy hay and ryegrass straw) and two types of concentrate mixes (high starch [HS] and high fiber [HF]). The treatments were arranged in a $2{\times}2$ factorial, consisting of 32% timothy-68% HS, 24% timothy-76% HF, 24% ryegrass-76% HS, and 17% ryegrass-83% HF. Daily feed intakes were measured. Every four weeks, blood were sampled, and body weight was measured before morning feeding. Every eight weeks, rumen fluid was collected using a stomach tube over five consecutive days. Results: The mean dry matter intake (7.33 kg) and average daily gain (1,033 g) did not differ among treatments. However, significant interactions between roughage source and concentrate type were observed for the rumen and blood parameters (p<0.05). Total volatile fatty acid concentration was highest (p<0.05) in timothy-HF-fed calves. With ryegrass as the roughage source, decreasing the roughage inclusion rate increased the molar proportion of propionate and decreased the acetate-to-propionate ratio; the opposite was observed with timothy as the roughage source. Similarly, the effects of concentrate types on plasma total protein, alanine transaminase, Ca, inorganic P, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and creatinine concentrations differed with roughage source (p<0.05). Conclusion: Decreasing the dietary roughage inclusion rate by replacing forage neutral detergent fiber with that from non-roughage fiber source might be a feasible feeding practice in growing cattle. A combination of low-quality roughage with a high fiber concentrate might be economically beneficial.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.189-200
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• 2024

Background and Objectives: Concerns remain that early aspirin cessation may be associated with potential harm in subsets at high risk of ischemic events. This study aimed to assess the effects of P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after 3-month dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) vs. prolonged DAPT (12-month or longer) based on the ischemic risk stratification, the CHADS-P2A2RC, after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: This was a sub-study of the SMART-CHOICE trial. The effect of the randomized antiplatelet strategies was assessed across 3 CHADS-P2A2RC risk score categories. The primary outcome was a major adverse cardiac and cerebral event (MACCE), a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Results: Up to 3 years, the high CHADS-P2A2RC risk score group had the highest incidence of MACCE (105 [12.1%], adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 2.927; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.358-6.309; p=0.006) followed by moderate-risk (40 [1.4%], adjusted HR, 1.786; 95% CI, 0.868-3.674; p=0.115) and low-risk (9 [0.5%], reference). In secondary analyses, P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy reduced the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) types 2, 3, or 5 bleeding without increasing the risk of MACCE as compared with prolonged DAPT across the 3 CHADS-P2A2RC risk strata without significant interaction term (interaction p for MACCE=0.705 and interaction p for BARC types 2, 3, or 5 bleeding=0.055). Conclusions: The CHADS-P2A2RC risk score is valuable in discriminating high-ischemic-risk patients. Even in such patients with a high risk of ischemic events, P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy was associated with a lower incidence of bleeding without increased risk of ischemic events compared with prolonged DAPT.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.383-389
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• 2011

선박 성능과 항해 안전의 관점에서 선박조종 특성을 아는 것은 선박 설계에서 중요한 일이다. IMO 규정에 의하면 만재 적하된 even 조건(트림=0)에서 몇가지 선박 조종 기준이 제시되어 있다. 그러나 선박은 일반적으로 항상 만재 적재 조건으로 운항되지 않는다. 따라서 선박이 IMO 규정을 만족시키고, 모든 적재 조건에서 안전하게 항행하도록 하기 위해 다양한 적재 조건에서 선박 조종 특성을 추정해야 한다. 본 논문에서 우리는 실선 실험과 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 조종특성을 조사하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과와 비교하였을 때 실선실험은 시뮬레이션 값 및 이전 연구와 그 경향이 일치한다. 실 해역에서 얻은 조종실험 데이터가 선박 조종성능 추정에 활용 될 수 있음을 확인하였고, 실시한 실해역 실험을 통하여, 선박 운항 상태에 따른 조종성의 변화를 추정할 수 있었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.337-343
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• 1998

In a feeding trial, Jamunapari male kids (18) of about 4 months age were equally divided into two groups of nine animals each. Goats in the experimental group were fed sun-dried pelleted Leucaena leucocephala leaves and those in the control group were offered a conventional diet without Leucaena leaves as per Kearl (1982) recommendations for a period of 6 months. Daily dry matter intake DMI/100 kg BW was $3.13{\pm}0.04kg$ in the Leucaena group and $3.30{\pm}0.05kg$ in the control. There were significant (p < 0.01) differences in the apparent digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, EE, CF and NFE being lower in the Leucaena group. Contents of digestible crude protein (DCP) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) were 11.40 and 52.20%, respectively, in the Leucaena group and 14.04 and 66.10%, respectively in the control. The nitrogen in the Leucaena group was not well utilized as compared to the control, though kids were in positive nitrogen balance in both the groups. The average daily weight gain of kids on pelleted Leucaena was $29.95{\pm}2.60g$ as against $42.09{\pm}3.24g$ observed in the control. The mean DMI/kg LW gain was significantly (p < 0.01) higher in the Leucaena group ($14.70{\pm}0.78kg$) as compared to the control ($11.55{\pm}0.46kg$). The Hb, BUN, SGOT and SGPT concentrations were statistically similar in both the groups. Histopathological examination of thyroid gland of goats sacrificed at the end of experiment did not reveal any signs of colloidal goitre associated with mimosine toxicity. No significant pathological alterations were observed in vital organs irrespective of dietary treatment. Sundried, pelleted Leucaena foliage appears to be a promising potential feed for growing goats without any significant deleterious effect.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.8228-8233
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• 2015

본 연구는 국내 최초로 설치되어 운영되고 있는 서울지방경찰청 관광경찰대를 중심으로 관광경찰대의 도입과 적응단계에 관한 인식을 조사한 것이다. 관광경찰대의 목적, 운영방향, 활동분야의 성격, 근무 환경에 대한 심층 면접을 통하여 자료를 수집하고 분석하였다. 관광경찰대 경찰공무원들의 활동에 대한 인식은 향후 관광경찰대 설치에 많은 영향을 줄 수 있다. 조사는 서울지방경찰청 관광경찰대 소속 경찰공무원 16명을 대상으로 실시하였으며, 자료의 분석은 질적 연구 분석 프로그램인 NVivo 10.0을 통해 진행되었다. 관광경찰대원들의 업무 경험에서 나타나는 인식을 착수기, 시행착오기, 숙련기, 관망기로 구분하였으며, 각 단계별 차이를 분석하였다. 각 단계는 개인별 근무 기간에 따라 차이를 나타냈으며, 관광경찰대의 정착과 완성도에 대한 견해도 차이를 나타내고 있음을 확인하였다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.27-40
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• 2009

Background : Qigong is an energy-healing intervention used to prevent and cure ailments and to improve health through regular practice. Although qigong-neither itself nor its postulated mechanism of action-are within the paradigm of modern Western medical science, its effects on the human body could be possible. Objectives : This study aims to review the bibliography, biological responses and therapeutic effects of Qigong. In the process, this review will grasp trends in this field of studies and will direct further researches into the right direction. Method : The computerized Korean databases were searched from their respective inceptions up to January 2008. The search terms used were 'qi', 'qigong', 'doin', 'training', 'bioenergy', 'life nurturing' and random or Korean language terms related to qigong. Several specialized journals were also manually searched for relevant articles. Result : Since the 1990s, Qigong papers in the Korean Literature are increased. The articles on Korean traditional medicine had been published more than those on physical education or nursing etc. However, since the majority of the trials determine questionnaire, it was difficult to determine the efficacy of a specific intervention. The methodological quality of the trials was generally low (Jadad score: mean, 1.3; range, 1 to 4), questioning their reliability. Conclusions : More profound studies for Qigong are needed. Further rigorous clinical trials with more objective outcome measures that include sham procedures should be performed. Specifically, we think it should be clinical studies and qualitative research methods for evaluation are needed.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.558-564
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• 2010

Cleaning up the landfill soil by phytoremediation in association with biomass production and utilization of biosolid as a soil amendment will be an attractive green technology. In order to examine this integrated green technology, in the current study of pot trial, heavy metal removal rate and biomass production were determined following cultivation of three different plant species in the landfill soil incorporated with biosolid at two different levels (25 ton $ha^{-1}$ and 50 ton $ha^{-1}$). Among the three plant species including Indian mustard (Brassica juncea), giant sunflower (Helianthus giganteus. L), and giant cane (Arundo donax. L), sunflower appeared to produce the largest biomass yield (19.2 ton $ha^{-1}$) and the produced amounts were magnificently increased with biosolid treatment compared to the control (no biosoild treatment). The increased production associated with biosolid treatment was common for other plant species and this was attributed to the biosolid originated nutrients as well as the improved soil physical properties due to the organic matter from biosolid. The elevated heavy metals in soil which was originated from the incorporated biosolid were Cu and Zn. Based on the phytoavailable amount of heavy metals from biosolid, the removed amount by plant shoots were 95% and 165% for Cu and Zn, respectively, when sunflower was grown. This indicated that mitigation of heavy metal accumulation in soils achieved by the removal of metal through sunflower cultivation enables the successive treatment of biosolid to soils. Moreover, sunflower showed heavy metal stabilization ability in the rhizosphere resulting in alleviation of metal release to ground water.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2013

The expression of transgenic traits in genetically modified crops is sometimes associated with decreases in crop performance or fitness. These decreases in performance or fitness of transgenic plants in unfavourable conditions may provide valuable information about the ecological consequences of transgene escape. In a glasshouse trial, we tested the cost associated with resistance to herbicides by comparing the growth, yield, and competitive ability of transgenic rice with its parental non-transgenic line. This new line was developed for constitutive overexpression of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) to increase resistance to herbicides. We evaluated nine agronomic traits of transgenic and non-transgenic rice grown in a replacement series design over four densities. Competitive ability was also assessed between transgenic and non-transgenic plants by analyzing their relative yields based on biomass and seed weight data. Our results indicated that non-transgenic plants showed greater performance than did the transgenic plants when those genotypes were grown in mixtures. The non-transgenic rice plants exhibited superior competitive ability at certain combinations of planting densities and genotype proportions. These results suggest that PPO-herbicide resistance incurs some costs in plant performance and competitive ability.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.25-38
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• 2012

Objective : This study was conducted to underpin the theory of Taegeuk Acupuncture systematically and increase the utility of clinical trial and a range of application. Method : This study analysed ByungHaeng Lee's theory, who is the originator of Taegeuk Acupuncture, by focusing on "Young Chu GuChimSibYiWon" Result & Conclusion : 1. ByungHaeng Lee's thought about Viscera and Bowels is following medicine of Internal Classic. Even though JeMa Lee's thought about Viscera and Bowels has same name with ByungHaeng Lee's, but the functional meaning and related part is totally different. So, four constitution types in Taegeuk Acupuncture are different from four constitution types in Four-Constitution Medicine. Therefore, Taegeuk Acupuncture isn't related with Four-Constitution Medicine 2. On the authority of "Young Chu GuChimSibYiWon", we can extend 4 therapeutic acupuncture point combinations of Taegeuk Acupuncture to ten therapeutic acupuncture point combinations which tentatively named 'Five Viscera Source Point Acupuncture'. 3. To consider an example of eight constitutional acupuncture, Taegeuk Acupuncture thoroughly says constitutional acupuncture. Especially, JaeGyuKim's Taegeuk Acupuncture has specific diagnosis standard that after treating a patient with acupuncture, he checks an oppressive pain at the precordial region and a voiced sound at liver and then he makes sure constitution of patient. So we can consider JaeGyuKim's Taegeuk Acupuncture as constitutional acupuncture. However, it has to change the name of four constitution types to taegeuk greater yang person, taegeuk lesser yang person, taegeuk greater yin person, taegeuk lesser yin person so as to avoid confusion. 4. Taegeuk Acupuncture is markedly simple in comparison with other acupuncture, so it needs to extend the utility of clinics by enlarging treatment acupuncture points.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.61-71
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• 1986

An iodized oil such as Ethiodol or Lipiodol was selectively retained in the tumor vessels of the large hepatomas as well as in the small daughter hepatomas for long periods following the intra-arterial hepatic injection of such contrast material. The specific aim of the study is to deliver a high internal radiation dose to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in an attempt to control the disease. We were able to replace a small fraction of the stable iodine (I-127) of the 37% iodine in Lipiodol by the $I^{-131}$ with 100% exchange efficiency. $I^{-131}$ labeled Lipiodol was injected through the super-selected tumor feeding artery under superselection or into the proper hepatic arterial level of patients who have malignant hepatomas confirmed by aspiration cytology serum AFP and various imaging modalities. Clinical traial was performed on 43 cases during recent 6 months and follow-up observation was carried out. No severe complications or other adverse reactions were encountered until nowdays. $I^{-131}-Lipiodol$ was stable in vivo and no significant activity was noted in the thyroid, stomach, blood and urine after the injection. Only small fraction of radioisotope activity was noticed in the both side of lungs. Tumor to normal liver radio was very high. Therefore, $I^{-131}-Lipiodol$ (or P-32-Lipiodol) will be effective delivering high internal radiation dose to the tumor while delivering small radiation doses to normal tissues. Labeling, tumor dose calculation and preliminary findings will be presented.