• 혜화의학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2011

Objectives: This study analyzed the contents of the research papers of Maekmundong-tang (MMDT). This study was conducted to help development of new clinical application and clinical studies for treating COPD with Oriental medicine. Materials and Methods: We inspected 26 theses and scrutinized their classification, objective diseases, study design, participants, methodological quality of clinical trial. Results: The following results were obtained in this study. 1. The studies of MMDT started in 1989 and have continuously increased, but it decreased recently. 2. The studies were mainly focused on experimental models rather than clinical studies. The topics of studies were mainly relaxation of airway contraction and anti-asthmatic effect. 3. MMDT was showed to have effects on chronic cough and asthma in these papers. Conclusion: MMDT is being used in respiratory disease. However, mechanism study should be conducted at experimental study and more clinical studies on the efficacy of MMDT for chronic respiratory disease are needed.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 1993년도 학술대회지
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• pp.74-83
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• 1993

In an attempt toward the synthesis of the difficulty accessible ginseng saponins the four dammarane glycosides identical to the natural $ginsenosides-Rh_2,$ - F2, compound K and chikusetsusaponin - LT8 have been prepared from betulafolienetriol(=dammar-24-ene-$3{\alpha},12{\beta}\;20(S)-triol).\;3-O-{\beta}-D-Glucopyranoside$ of 20(S) - protopanaxadiol $(=ginsenoside-Rh_2)$ have been obtained by the regio - and stereoselective glycosylation of the $12-O-acetyldammar-24-ene-3{\beta},\;12{\beta},$ 20(S)-triol. The 12-ketoderivative of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol has been used as aglycon in synthesis of chikusetsusaponin - LT8. Attempted regio - and stereoselective glycosylation of the less reactive tertiary C - 20 - hydroxyl group in order to synthesize the $20-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol(=compound K) using 3, 12 - di - O - acetyldammar - 24 - ene - $3{\beta},12{\beta},20(S)$-trial as aglycon was unsuccessful. Glycosylation of 3, 12 - diketone of betulafolienetriol followed by $NaBH_4$ reduction yielded the $20-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside\;of\;dammar-24-ene-3{\beta},12{\alpha},$ 20(S)-triol, the $12{\alpha}-epimer$ of 20(S) - protopanaxadiol. Moreover, a number of semisynthetic ocotillol - type glucosides, analogs of natural pseudoginsenosides, have been prepared.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.377-382
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• 2011

Up to now, process design of multistage profile drawing from initial round material is performed through trial-and-error based on experience of industrial experts. This means the increase in production cost and excessive time consuming. In this study, process design program was developed for multistage profile drawing from initial round material. The program was made using VisualLISP. Therefore, the program can be operated by AutoCAD program. In order to verify the effectiveness of the program, two stage profile drawing process for producing heavy duty guide rail was design by using the program. In addition FE analysis and profile drawing experiment were performed. As a result, the program can be used in order to design profile drawing process design.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.142-146
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• 2002

The effect of potassium phosphonate ($KH_2PO_3 or $K_2 HPO_3$) on the control of Phytophthora root rot of lettuce was evaluated in a liquid hydroponic culture. Phosphonate 100 ppm strongly inhibited mycelial growth of Phytophthora species in vitro but did not affect normal growth of lettuce in a greenhouse test. Application of the chemical before infection showed over 94% control value, while it was less than 35% when applied after infection. In a field trial, phosphonate 100 ppm, which was directly supplemented into the nutrient solution, satisfactorily controlled the disease as it did not develop until 28 days after transplanting and remained at less than 2% infection rate at the end of cultivation. Meanwhile, in the control plot, the disease initiated at 7 days after transplanting and developed rapidly reaching over 70% infection rate at 28 days. Population density of the causal pathogen, R drechsleri, in a heavily infested farm was 22.0-25.0 cfu/100 ml of nutrient solution. However, it decreased to 1.3-2.0 cfu/100 ml at 7 days after treatment with phosphonate 200 ppm.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.28-38
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• 2009

Bifenthrin, chlorothalonil, cypermethrin, diazinon, fenvalerate, phenthoate 및 procymidone 등 7종의 농약에 대한 잔류시험을 통해 외삽적용을 위한 연구를 실시하였다. 실험을 위해 소면적 재배작물 중 잔류농약 부적합 사례가 많은 작물을 중심으로 11종의 엽채류, 5종의 근채류, 그리고 6종의 경채류를 포함한 총 22종의 작물을 선정하여 재배한 후 7종의 농약을 각각 처리하여 24시간 경과 시점을 1일로 하여 1, 3, 5, 7 일차에 수확하여 분석하였다. 실험결과 회수율은 엽채류는 $72.0{\sim}117.0%$, 경채류는 $81.3{\sim}105.0%$, 그리고 근채류는 $70.1{\sim}108.1%$ 수준이었고 검출한계는 엽채류는 0.005-0.1 mg/kg, 경채류와 근채류는 0.001-0.005mg/kg 수준이었다. 농약의 감소경향과 작물의 표면 형태학적 차이에 의한 농약 잔류특성을 파악 비교하여 선정된 작물을 고잔류군과 저잔류군으로 그룹화하였고 이 내용을 바탕으로 대상 농약들에 대하여 경채류 및 근채류 작물을 대상으로 농약데이터의 외삽을 통한 안전사용기준 및 MRL의 설정이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.716-729
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• 2008

Objectives : We designed this study to evaluate the effectiveness of Chungin-troche(CIT) preparation as an adjunctive medicine to a herbal extract of Chungsangboha-tanggagambang(CSBH). Methods : A paralled, comparative study of CSBH+CIT and CSBH was conducted on 42 patients of chronic cough who attended Division of Allergy, Immune & Respiratory System, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University between December, 2007 and June, 2008. The treatment in each group lasted for two weeks. Patients were asked to fill in the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ) before and after administration of each treatment legimen. Results : 42 patients completed the trial and no adverse effects were reported. Both CSBH +CIT group and CSBH group showed statistical significant improvement in total LCQ score after 2 weeks from baseline. Social domain score and total score in patients taking CSBH+CIT showed a statistical significant increase compared to those scores in CSBH patients. Conclusion : CSBH+CIT compositive preparation and CSBH separate preparation appeared to have some benefits in the treatment of chronic cough. However, additional CIT preparation to CSBH can improve social domain in LCQ of chronic cough patients.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권10호
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• pp.1691-1698
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• 2020

Objective: The study sought to estimate the relationship between body surface temperature (BST) and temperature humidity index (THI) and to present the validity of THI as a heat stress index in the field. Methods: Eight Hanwoo heifers (20 to 32 month) were examined in a field trial, with a space allowance of 10 ㎡ per head. The BST was measured using an infrared thermographic camera. The BST of five body regions (eyes, hindquarters, nose, part of horns, and ears), ambient temperature (AT), and relative humidity (RH) were measured 7 times daily (07, 09, 11, 13, 15, 17, and 19 h) during each season with three replicates. Results: The THI ranged 34.0 to 56.9 during spring (AT, -1.0℃ to 13.4℃), 75.1 to 84.7 during summer (AT, 24.9℃ to 33.6℃), 55.8 to 70.9 during autumn (AT, 13.0℃ to 26.0℃) and 17.5 to 39.2 during winter (AT, -10.4℃ to 1.0℃). In the regression analysis, the coefficient of determination (R²) between THI and BST was 0.88, 0.72, 0.83, 0.86, and 0.85 for the eyes, hindquarters, nose, part of horn, and ears area, respectively. This indicates that BST has a strong correlation with AT and RH. Expression equations were estimated as Y (THI) = 31.54+0.1085X (BST of eyes) and Y (THI) = 30.48+0.1147X (BST of hindquarters) by simple linear regression analysis in this experiment. Conclusion: Consequently, the upper bound for heat stress estimation can be specified ranging from THI of 65 (eyes) to 70 (hindquarters). From this we can expect a precise feeding system for Korean native cattle in the field.

• The Korean Journal of Medicine
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• 제91권1호
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• pp.88-91
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• 2016

혈구포식 림프조직구증식증(HLH)은 대식세포와 림프구의 증식과 활성화가 조절되지 않아 발생하게 되는 드문 과염증 증후군으로, 치명적인 예후를 초래하는 경우가 많다. 저자들은 기저 질환이 없는 환자에서 B형 인플루엔자 감염과 연관되어 발생한 혈구포식 림프조직구증식증으로 인하여 사망한 증례를 경험하여 이를 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.904-918
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• 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of cooling systems on reproductive performance, body temperature, blood metabolites, and the intestinal microbiome in early gestating sows exposed to high ambient temperature. In total, 39 pregnant sows (Landrace × Yorkshire; 2 parities) were randomly assigned to and maintained in the following three treatment groups (13 sows per group) over days 0 to 35 of pregnancy: (i) air cooling (AC; 26.87 ± 1.23℃), (ii) water-drip cooling (WC; 28.81 ± 0.91℃), and (iii) a lack of cooling with heat stress (HS; 30.72 ± 0.70℃). Backfat thickness was measured before and after HS. Feces were collected on day 0 and 35 d of the trial for microbiome analysis, whereas blood was taken at day 35 of pregnancy and analyzed. Reproductive performance and physiological responses were identified at day 35. Respiration rate along with rectal and skin temperatures were lower (p < 0.05) in the AC group than in the HS and WC groups. Serum blood urea nitrogen values were increased (p < 0.05) in the WC group compared with those measured in the AC and HS groups. Triiodothyronine was found at greater levels (p < 0.05) in the AC than in the HS group. Reproductive performance was not affected by the cooling systems. At the phylum level, fecal pathogenic Spirochaete and Euryarchaeota were found in higher numbers (p < 0.05) in all groups after HS. Similarly, at the genus level, the amount of Treponema was greater (p < 0.05) in all groups after HS. In conclusion, our results suggest that AC or WC can ameliorate or mitigate the adverse effects of HS on the physiological parameters of pregnant sows reared under high temperatures.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.300-311
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• 2019

An ROV trencher is a type of heavy-duty work class ROV equipped with high-pressure water jet tools for cutting into the sea floor and burying cables. This kind of trencher is mostly used for PLIB operations. This paper introduces the development of this kind of ROV trencher, which has a 698 kW power system, with a 250 kW hydraulic system and two 224 kW water jet systems. The project was launched in January 2014. After four years of design, manufacturing, and system integration, we carried out two sea trials near the Yeongilman port (about 20-30 m in depth) in Pohang to evaluate the system performance in November 2017 and August 2018. Through tests, we found that most of specifications were satisfied, including a maximum bury depth of 3 m, maximum bury speed of 2 km/h, and maximum forward speed of 1.54 m/s.