• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.148-166
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to classify elderly patient in long-term care facilities using RUG(Resource Utilization Group)-III. It is designed by measuring patient medical characteristics and medical staff time. Elderly patients are classified into 7 categories by clinical(medical and behavioral) hierarchical typology of patients. Through the tertiary split, all 44 groups are formulated. This classification is explained by each patient resource(staff time) utilization level which is called CMI(Case-Mix Index). Major findings are as follows; 1. The objects in this study were classified into 35 groups out of 44 groups. The most frequent category is clinical complex category(CCC; 38.9%). And extensive service category(ESC; 18.8%), reduced physical function category(RPC; 13.1%), special rehabilitation category(SRC; 12.8%), and impaired cognitive category(ICC; 0.00%) are followed. 2. The mean of total CMI was $1.02{\pm}0.36$, ranging from 0.68 to 1.44(1 vs 2.12). The mean of CMI of SRC is only 1.17 which should be the highest. The means of ESC and see are equally 1.20. The means of CMI of CCI, ICC, BPC, and RPC were 0.90, 0.75, 0.83 and 0.96, respectively. 3. The validity of this classification was tested. Trend-test using Regression Analysis was done in the secondary split level. SCC, CCC, ICC, and RPC which covered 68.4% of this research objects showed linear trend of CMI in interim classification. This results were statistically significant. 4. In clinical hierarchy, the trend were showed linearity. But the multiple comparison of categories using Scheffe-test showed that SRC, ESC and see had same level of CMI means and CCC and ICC, too. This results were statistically significant. Classifying elderly patients with RUG-III, the results showed partly linear trend in clinical hierarchy and in interim classification in conclusion. But, in clinical hierarchy, it was failed to show the consistent order of CMI. It can be explained by two reasons. One is that this research subjects were overlapped in each clinical hierarchy group. And the other is that the some of the characteristics for clinical hierarchy is not appropriate for them. For the further study, it needs to have proper sample size and to modify RUG-III to K-RUG to consider our.. medical environment.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.492-499
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• 2017

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the association of dietary patterns with overweight risk and all-cause mortality in pediatric cancer patients. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Prospective cohort study was undertaken; 83 cancer patients admitted to the pediatric cancer ward at a university hospital in Seoul were included and followed for obesity and death over 24 months. Food consumption data were collected from patients using validated meal order sheets for breakfast, lunch, and dinner at the pediatric cancer ward over 3 days. Using principal component analysis, three dietary patterns were derived from 29 food groups. RESULTS: Eighteen deaths occurred among the patient cohort during the follow-up period. The "spicy & fried meat and fish" dietary pattern was positively associated with overweight risk at both baseline [odds ratio (OR) = 4.396, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.111-17.385, P for trend = 0.023] and after 6 months (OR = 4.088, 95% CI = 1.122-14.896, P for trend = 0.025) as well as all-cause mortality (hazard ratios = 5.124, 95% CI = 1.080-24.320, P for trend = 0.042), when comparing the highest and lowest tertiles after adjusting for covariates. The "fish, egg, meat, and fruits & vegetables" dietary pattern was associated with lower overweight risk after 24 months (OR = 0.157, 95% CI = 0.046-0.982, P for trend = 0.084). CONCLUSION: The results imply that dietary patterns might be associated with weight gain and premature death among pediatric cancer patients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.721-731
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was done to describe the research trend of Complementary and Alternative Medicine(CAM) in Korea and internationally. Method: A Systematic review of CAM related literature published from 2000 to 2005 was done. A comprehensive search by using 34 CAM modalities as search terms to identify all articles dealing with CAM was undertaken from 4 databases: PubMed, RICHIS, KoreaMed, and Riss4U. A Total of 588 abstracts and 223 original articles were reviewed by two independent reviewers using systematic analysis guidelines. Data regarding the types of study design, characteristics of subjects and researchers, and classification of CAM modalities was recorded. The outcome measures of CAM were identified. Results: CAM research has been rapidly increasing worldwide in the last decade. In Korea, nursing(53.5%) followed by medicine(42.7%) occupied the majority of CAM research in comparison to medicine(42.9%) and disciplines in CAM(25.0%), like homeopathy, internationally. Prevailing research designs in Korea were experimental and quasi-experimental, however, randomized clinical trials were found. Internationally, survey research was dominant, with the exception of randomized clinical trials that were mostly an experimental design. Conclusion: The findings suggest that a robust research design in CAM research is needed to accumulate strong scientific evidence and to adopt nursing interventions from CAM modalities.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.75-96
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• 2017

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the treatment trend for allergic rhinitis in Korean Medicine. Methods : We conducted an online survey for Korean Medicine Doctors who were registered in the association of Korean Medicine. The questionnaire was consisted of patient characteristics, diagnosis status, treatment status, and future research needs. Results : Data from total of 396 respondents were analyzed. More than 70% of the patient came to the Korean Medicine Clinic after visiting the Western Medicine Clinic in 43.9% of the respondents. 55.6% of the respondents performed combination therapy. History taking, nasal examination, x-ray, and Korean Medicine diagnostic test were used for diagnosis. The mean duration of treatment ranged from $4.9{\pm}2.91$ to $15.2{\pm}8.45$ for pediatric and early childhood patients and from $17.5{\pm}16.15$ to $5.3{\pm}3.85$ weeks for adolescents and adult patients. The mean number of treatment times was from $9.8{\pm}7.00$ to $33.5{\pm}24.45$ for pediatric and early childhood patients and from $10.8{\pm}11.55$ to $40.4{\pm}48.18$ times for adolescents and adult patients. 64.5%, 48.0%, and 91.2% of the respondents used herbal medication in national health insurance coverage, herbal medication uninsured in health insurance and herbal prescription filled at each medical institution, respectively for pediatric and early childhood patients and 67.6%, 42.8% and 86.1% for adolescents and adult patients. 36.9% and 36.4% of respondents answered that the study of acupuncture and herbal medicine are needed preferentially. Conclusions : The results of this survey will be used to develop clinical practice guideline that reflect actual clinical practice.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.15-28
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• 2009

Traditional korean medicine which has long history and many clinical experiments stands out in bold relief because the medicine's point of view has been changed from medical treatment to disease protection and the wellbeing life through health care and complementary alternative medicine has been emerged for the incurable disease. Many traditional korean medical research has been conducted in the fields of preventive medical application, leading material drawing and medical service upgrade through eastern and western medical treatment and the more advanced project are being studied as time goes by. But because we have the hardship of manifesting traditional korean medicine's knowledge into detailed data and information in the field of analytical science and we don't have well arranged research trend data of it, researchers are using much time to survey the preceding research and planners needing more accurate research trend data to protect duplication and raise efficiency. So we have studied the traditional korean medicine's research trend to solve this problems by the method of bibliography applied for the preceding project results. Through the analysis of traditional korean medicine's 370 project reports we came to a conclusion that the R&D investment is concentrated on the university and research institute, the utilization projects are lower than basic and applied research, regional snobbism is excessive than the whole nation's R&D and advanced project has been started since 2006.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.189-197
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• 2017

Locally advanced prostate cancer (LAPC) is defined as histologically proven T3-4 prostatic adenocarcinoma. In this review, we define the individual roles of radiotherapy (RT), short-term (ST-) and long-term (LT-) androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), and their combination in multimodal therapy for LAPC. Despite limitations in comparing the clinical outcomes among published papers, in the present study, a trend of 10-year clinical outcomes was roughly estimated by calculating the average rates weighted by the cohort number. With RT alone, the following rates were estimated: 87% biochemical failure, 34% local failure (LF), 48% distant metastasis (DM), 38% overall survival (OS), and 27% disease-specific mortality (DSM). Those associated with ADT alone were 74% BCF, 54% OS, and 25% DSM, which appeared to be better than those of RT alone. The addition of ADT to RT produced a notable local and systemic effect, regardless of ST- or LT-ADT. The LF rate decreased from 34% with RT alone to 21% with ST-ADT and further to 15% with LT-ADT. The DM and DSM rates also showed a similar trend among RT alone, RT+ST-ADT, and RT+LT-ADT. The combination of RT+LT-ADT resulted in the best long-term clinical outcomes, indicating that both RT and ADT are important parts of multimodal therapy.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.120-134
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• 2024

Objectives: This research aimed at investigating the trends of acupuncture treatment for Recurrent Implantation Failure (RIF) patients in IVF. Methods: Studies were searched from PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CNKI up to April 2024. Terms as 'Implantation failure', 'Recurrent implantation failure', 'Repeated implantation failure', 'RIF' and 'Acupuncture', 'Electroacupuncture', 'Needling' were used. Results: Of 136 screened, 10 studies are selected and analyzed. Studies were conducted using manual acupuncture and electroacupuncture. The results showed that acupuncture (electroacupuncture) treatment for RIF patients is effective in improving clinical pregnancy rate, endometrial blood flow, uterus morphology, endometrium thickness. The most frequently used acupoints were 三陰交 (SP6) and 子宮 (EX-CA1). Conclusions: Included studies showed that acupuncture (electroacupuncture) might have effect on RIF. Further research and meta-analysis should be conducted to verify its therapeutic mechanisms and safety.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.30-44
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• 1995

This study aimed at analyzing the trend of re-search on pain in Korea, suggesting direction future pain research, and contributing to the use of pain interventions in nursing practice. Research studies on pain were selected from journals of medical and nursing schools, the Korean Nurse, the Korean Nurses' Academic Society Journal, the Central Journal of Medicine, the New Medical Journal, and from theses and dissertations, which were conducted between 1970 and 1994. The total number of the studies was 93. These studies were analyzed for 1) time of publication or presentation, 2) thesis for a degree or nondegree, 3) research design, 4) characteristics of subjects used in each study, 5) measurement tool, 6) types of correlated variables, 7) Korean terms for pain 8) types of nursing interventions, and 9) results of studies. The findings of the analysis can be summerized as follows : 1) The number of studies related to pain has increased rapidly since the early 1980's. The number of experimental research studies related to pain has increased chronologically, but the number of survey research studies related to pain was highest from 1981 to 1985, after that it decreased slowly. 2) The subjects in 19 studies were healthy people and, in 73 studies, patients with various illnesses. Thirty two studies were conducted with surgical patients. 3) Sixty one pain research studies were done for a thesis for a degree and 32 were nondegree research studies. 4) As measurement tools for pain, self- report pain scales were used in 54 studies and more than two tools were used in 28 studies. In the experimental studies, the trend was to use more than two tools. And in the nonexperirnental studies, the trend was to use self-report pain scales only. 5) There were 11 correlational studies. In these studies, the trend was to study anxiety, depression and variables such as intravenous infusion as related to pain.6) In the thirty six experimental studies, the effects of 16 types of nursing interventions weretested. Teaching and information, and relaxation technique were the most popular interventions for pain. 7) In eighteen methodological studies, the majority were studies testing the validity and re-liability of Dr. Lee's Korean Pain Rating Questionnaire. The following suggestions are made based on the above findings : 1) The patterns of these studies related to pain in Korea need to be compared with trends in other countries. 2) Meta - analysis should be done to analyze and integrate the results of various studies. 3) This analysis of pain research is needed to identify the present trend of pain research and to suggest the direction of future pain research, so these patterns of studies should be done in 5 to 10 year intervals. 4) More replicated pain research is needed to prove the effect of nursing interventions and more qualitative research on pain is needed to identify indepth the meaning of pain. 5) Pain researchers should make an effort to apply research result in various clinical settings and try to carry out team research with clinical nurses or with other multidiscipinary researchers.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.56-69
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• 2018

Objectives : The aim of this study is to review the current research trend on the acupuncture and moxibustion treatment for pancreatitis. Methods : Through nine search engines, articles were collected, which had involved the use of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment for pancreatitis. Data were extracted from the selected articles regarding the year, country, type of pancreatitis, study design, evaluation variable, intervention, point for acupuncture and moxibustion, and effectiveness of treatment. Results : Total 56 articles were reviewed. The number of studies increased gradually every ten years. Fifty-one studies(91%) were conducted in China. Most of clinical studies and animal experimentations reported on acute pancreatitis. Thirty-nine studies were randomized controlled trials(RCTs), but most of them were assessed as uncertain in the risk of bias evaluation. The degree of overall improvement(79%) was used mainly as evaluation variable of clinical studies. In animal experimentations, the examination of pancreatitis tissue(77%) and blood test(77%) were used the most. Most of studies were conducted with the acupuncture, one with moxibustion. Among them, electroacupuncture was the most common intervention of treatment group. ST36 was the most frequently used acupuncture point in the included studies. Effective rate increased and serum amylase, clinical symptoms, recovery time of gastrointestinal function decreased statistically significantly in the treatment group of clinical studies. Conclusions : The result of this study could be used for the future practice and research about the acupuncture and moxibustion treatment for pancreatitis.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2017

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze recent clinical studies on treatment for precocious puberty. Methods 28 clinical studies from January 2009 to December 2016 about precocious puberty from the China Academic Journal (CAJ), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), were selected and reviewed: 22 case control studies and 6 case series. Results The main traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment was the herbal decoctions and granules. The frequently used herbs were root of Bupleurum falcatum (柴胡), fruit of Prunella vulgaris var. aleutica (夏枯草), root stem of Anemarrhena asphodeloides (知母), dried fungus nucleus of Poria cocos (茯苓), Rehmannia glutinosa var. purpurea (生地黃), peony Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews (牧丹皮), bark of Phellodendron amurense (黃柏), roots of a plant Paeoniae lactiflora (白芍藥). On the other hand, the main western medicine (WM) for precocious puberty was Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa). Total effective rate of the TCM group was 62.96-100%, that of the WM group was 36.6-93.3% and that of the TCM-WM group was 77.8-93.75%. Conclusions Traditional Chinese medicine has been shown as an effective treatment for precocious puberty. These research results can be utilized in other clinical studies and in treatment of precocious puberty.