• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.229-233
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• 2011

BACKGROUND: Soil acidification, which is known to be one of the reasons of forest decline, is associated with decreases in exchangeable Ca and increases in Al concentration, leading to low Ca/Al ratio in soil solution. As tree rings are datable archives of environmental changes, Ca/Al ratios of annual growth ring may show decreasing pattern in accordance with the progress of soil acidification. This study was conducted to investigate Ca/Al pattern of Pinus densiflora tree ring in an attempt to test its usefulness as an indicator of historical soil acidification. METHODS AND RESULTS: Three P. densiflora tree disks were collected from P. densiflora forests in Jeonnam province, and soil samples (0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm in depth) were also collected from the tree locations. Soils were analyzed for pH and exchangeable Ca and Al concentrations, and Ca/Al was calculated. Annual growth rings formed between 1969 and 2007 were separated and analyzed for Ca/Al. Soil Ca/Al was positively (P<0.01) correlated with soil pH, suggesting that soil acidification decreased Ca while increasing Al availability, lowering Ca/Al in soil solution. The Ca/Al of tree rings also showed a decreasing pattern from 18.2 to 5.5 during the period, and this seemed to reflect historical acidification of the soils. CONCLUSION(s): The relationship between soil pH and Ca/Al and the decreasing pattern of Ca/Al of tree ring suggest that Ca/Al of tree ring needs to be considered as a proxy of the progress of soil acidification in P. densiflora forest in southern Korea.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2009

본 연구는 2007년도 조사된 국가산림자원조사 자료를 이용하여 충북지방에 분포하는 주요 수종에 대하여 평균 연륜생장량과 연륜생장량에 영향을 미치는 인자들과의 상관관계를 분석하고자 하였다. 충북지역에서 조사된 고정표본점은 총 56개소로 다양한 수종이 분포하였으며 그 중 개체수 분포 비율이 높은 10개 수종에 대하여 총 800본의 연륜생장량이 조사된 목편 자료를 대상으로 분석하였다. 충북지방에서 평균 연륜생장량이 가장 높은 수종은 아까시나무(2.30mm/yr)로 나타났고, 그 다음으로는 졸참나무(2.27mm/yr)>산벚나무(1.98mm/yr)>일본잎갈나무(1.98mm/yr) 순으로 나타났다. 대부분 주요 수종들의 경우, 영급과 임분밀도가 증가함에 따라 평균 연륜생장량은 감소하는 경향으로 나타났다.

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.15-26
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• 2007

A wide tree-ring data network from Western Himalayan region as well as from Central and Peninsular India have been established by the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Pune, India. This includes several ring width and density chronologies of Himalayan conifers (Pinus, Picea, Cedrus, Abies)covering entire area of Western Himalaya and teak (Tectona grandis L.F.) from central and peninsular India. Many of these chronologies go back to $15^{th}$ century. Tree-ring based reconstructed pre-monsoon (March-April-May) summer climate of Western Himalaya do not show any significant increasing or decreasing trend since past several centuries. High altitude tree-ring chronologies near tree line-glacier boundary are sensitive to the winter temperature. Unprecedented higher growth in recent decades is closely associated with the warming trend over the Himalayan region. Dendroclimatic analysis of teak (Tectona grandis) from Central and Peninsular India show significant relationship with pre-monsoon and monsoon climate. Moisture index over the region indicates strong association with tree-ring variations rather than the direct influence of rainfall. It is evident that, two to three consecutive good monsoon years are capable of maintaining normal or above normal tree growth, even though the following year is low precipitation year.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.700-708
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• 2019

To verify the possibility of using resistograph to estimate the age of big old living trees, we selected three Zelkova serrata and seven Pinus densiflora in Goesan. The mean diameters at breast height of Z. serrata and P. densiflora were 102 (92-116) cm and 80 (65-110) cm, respectively. The heights measured from the ground using a resistograph ranged at 1.2-4.3 m and 0.6-1.1 m for Z. serrata and P. Densiflora, respectively. The most appropriate needle speed to determine tree-ring boundaries for measuring ring width was 1500 r/min for both tree species. Alternatively, the suitable feed speeds for Z. serrata and P. densiflora were 50 cm/min and 150 cm/min, respectively. From the measured data, the mean numbers of tree rings of Z. serrata and P. densiflora were 57 (43-68) and 104 (93-124), respectively, and the mean tree-ring widths were 4.27 mm (3.18-5.09 mm) and 2.93 mm (2.32-3.34 mm), respectively. A comparison between the time series of tree-ring widths by resistograph and that from the local master chronologies tallied for the heartwood part. Finally, this study showed that resistograph can be used to estimate tree ages when a local master chronology is available.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.285-294
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• 1996

Ring-width chronologies of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) from two experimental forest plots in Kaunas, Lithuania were developed to study tree growth-climate relationship in different geohydrological conditions using response function analysis. The tree ring-width chronologies of Scots pine ranged from 1883~1987 A.D. and 1864~1989 A.D., and Norway spruce 1838~1987 A.D. and 2870~1989 A.D., respectively. The response function analysis has vividly demonstrated that the growth of Scots pine is favoured by warm summer and Norway spruce by cool and moist summer. Spring temperature has shown direct relationship with tree growth of both the species. There also exists notable intraspecies analogies in growth responses except some minor differences.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.177-186
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• 2008

본 연구는 우리나라에 생육하고 있는 소나무의 지역별 연륜생장의 특성 및 기후권역 분류에 의한 온도 및 강수량이 임목의 연륜생장에 미치는 영향에 대하여 연륜생태학적 측면에서의 해석을 시도하였다. 전국 28개 시군 지역을 대상으로 기후 권역별 군집분석에 의하여 구분된 5개 기후권역은 거창, 보은, 봉화, 영주, 영동, 영월, 원주, 제천, 태백 등의 백두대간지방과 구미, 대구, 문경, 안동, 영천, 의성 등의 경북내륙지방, 금산, 남원, 임실, 장수 등의 호남내륙지방, 밀양, 산청, 진주, 합천 등의 경남내륙지방과 그리고 김해, 영덕, 울산, 울진, 포항 등의 동부해안지방으로 분류되었다. 이에 따른 각 지역별 소나무의 연륜생장과 월별평균 온도, 월별강수량간의 관계를 분석한 결과, 백두대간지방은 당해연도 3월, 경북내륙지방과 동부해안지방은 당해연도의 2~3월 그리고 호남내륙지방은 생장기 전년도 10월에서 부의 상관으로 나타났다. 백두대간지방은 당해연도 4월, 경북내륙지방은 전년도 8월과 9월 그리고 당해연도 3월에서 정의 상관을, 호남내륙과 경남내륙지방에서는 생장기 당해연도 6월, 동부해안지역에서 6월과 9월의 강수가 정의 상관으로 나타났다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.118-123
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• 2003

본 연구는 서울 도심에 위치한 가로수 중에서 수령이 30년 이상 된 양버즘나무(Platanus occidentalis L.)와 은행나무(Ginkgo biloba L.)를 대상으로 토양 및 가로수의 연륜층별로 중금속 농도를 분석하여 이들 중금속이 가로수의 연륜 생장에 미치는 영향 정도를 비교 검토하였다. 가로수가 식재되어 있는 토양의 pH는 $6.62{\sim}8.01$이었으며, 중금속 평균농도는 Cr 0.63, Zn 109.03, Pb 26.49, Ni 1.98, Cu 44.98 mg/kg으로써 이 중 Zn, Pb, Cu의 농도는 일반 산림토양보다 높은 것으로 나타났다. 특히 금속 및 철물을 취급하는 상가가 밀집해 있고 차량통행이 많은 청계 2가 지역의 중금속 농토가 가장 높게 나타났다. 가로수의 연륜폭을 1979년부터 2000년까지 측정하여 회귀식으로 나타낸 결과, 두 수종 모두 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 또한, 토양 내 Cr, Pb, Cu의 농도는 양버즘나무의 최근 5년간 연륜층 내 Cr, Pb, Cu 농도와 양의 상관관계를 보였으며, 토양 내 Ni 농도는 은행나무의 연륜층 내 Ni 농도와 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 양버즘나무의 5년 단위 연륜층별 Cr 농도와 은행나무의 5년 단위 연륜층별 Ni, Cu 농도는 각각 연륜생장에 음의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 한편 서울지역의 연평균 기온, 강수량, 강수일수와 연륜폭의 연도별 변화 경향은 유사하였으나 통계적으로 유의성은 인정되지 않았다.

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.157-159
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• 2003

Much of northern Asia is lacking in high-resolution palaeoclimatic data coverage. This vast region thus represents a sizeable gap in data sets used to reconstruct hemispheric-scale temperature trends for the past millennium. To improve coverage, we present a regional-scale composite of four tree-ring width records of Siberian pine and Siberian larch from temperature-sensitive alpine timber-line sites in Mongolia. The chronologies load closely in principal components analysis (PCA) with the first eigenvector accounting for over 53% of the variance from ad 1450 to 1998. The 20-year interval from 1974 to 1993 is the highest such growth period in this composite record, and 17 of the 20 highest growth years have occurred since 1946. Thus these trees, unlike those recently described at some northern sites, do not appear to have lost their temperature sensitivity, and suggest that recent decades have been some of the warmest in the past 500 years for this region. There are, however, comparable periods of inferred, local warmth for individual sites, e.g., in 1520-1580 and 1760-1790. The percent common variance between chronologies has increased through time and is highest (66.1%) in the present century. Although there are obvious differences among the individual chronologies, this result suggests a coherent signal which we consider to be related to temperature. The PCA scores show trends which strongly resemble those seen in recent temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere, very few of which included representation from Eurasia east of the Ural Mountains. The Mongolia series therefore provides independent corroboration for these reconstructions and their indications of unusual wanning during the twentieth century.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.9-20
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• 2000

The purpose of thus paper is to provide the knowledge on preparing for the planting soil and planting method, and maintenance at the reclaimed seaside. Based on the collected data from the field work, the soil environment, the growth of height, inter-node, tree ring and roots of the two species had been analyzed. The determinant of soil factors, affecting the growth of trees, turned out to be six elements such as soil hardness, soil acidity, potassium, calcium, magnesium and total nitrogen. Because the variances of both growth of tree height and tree ring are greater than that of root, the growth characteristics of ground parts of the species by the individual tree species is more dynamical than those of underground parts. From the mean difference test the growth of height, root between Pinus thunbergii and Zelkova serrata, have been turned out to be statistically significant at 5 percent level. Pinus thunbergii is a sapling, so it grows faster than Zelkova serrata while Pinus thunbergii has better roots system than Zelkova serrata. From the correlation analysis, it showed the very strong correlation between tree height growth and potassim, while the lowest correlation coefficient was between soil hardness and potassim as 0.744. From the multiple regression analysis, both soil hardness and magnesium affect to the tree growth, soil hardness and potassium to the tree growth, potassium and calcium to the rot growth, respectively. Using this research results, we can be use the planting plan including revegetation, construction and maintenance of the reclaimed seaside. In the future, the planting method including the ground preparation and tree species selection for the reclaimed seaside should be accompanied in advanced through the soil survey and relevant analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.406-414
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• 2013

This study aims to date wooden coffins excavated from graves in Shinnae-dong, Seoul, South Korea, using dendrochronology. The species of woods used to make the coffins were identified as Pinus densiflora S. et Z., one of the major conifers in Korea. Of 12 graves, 10 were successfully dated using various red-pine chronologies of South Korea. Due to the absence of the last-formed tree ring before felling, the number of sapwood rings, used to obtain likely cutting dates, had to be estimated. The terminus post quem for two coffins without plaster frames were AD 1548 and AD 1571, respectively. Eight coffins with plaster frames yielded estimated dates from AD 1664 to AD 1799. The tree-ring dates indicated that the coffins with plaster frames in Shinnae-dong were constructed approximately 100 years later than those without plaster frames.