• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.16-27
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• 2022

Due to climate change, temperature is rising worldwide. Since rapid growth has been achieved focused on cities, South Korea is experiencing serious environmental problems such as heat island and air pollution in urban areas. To solve this problem, the central and each local government are actively promoting tree planting campaigns. This study quantitatively calculated changes in green areas and vegetation of Gumi by the tree planting campaign, and analyzed the temperature changes accordingly. For the target area, the green area, vegetation index, and ground temperature were calculated for 4 different time periods using the given Landsat satellite images. As a result of the study, the green area of was increased by 7.24km² and 4.93km² for two regions, respectively. Accordingly, the vegetation index increased by 0.14 to 0.16, and the temperature decreased by 0.8 to 1.2℃. The Tree planting campaign not only plays a role in lowering the temperature of the city but also does various roles such as air purification, carbon absorption, and providing green rest areas to citizens. Therefore the campaign should be carried out continuously.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2012

This study examines how fence demolition may change the thermal environments of external spaces of houses and suggests what factors need to be considered when a fence is demolished. The results of the research are summarized as follows. In terms of the surface temperature, there was no significant difference in all time plots after the removal of all materials. However, applying greening methods (changing the surface materials, planting trees, and building a green roof following fence demolition) could lower the surface temperatures, calling for proper plans for various greening methods. The MRT results indicates that walls block solar radiation and provide shade, reducing radiant heat from roads and surrounding structures during the daytime when solar radiation directly effects surface temperatures. Also, the application of greening methods such as planting vegetation and trees could have shading and evapotranspiration effects, leading to a lower temperature distribution. The HIP results were similar to the MRT results. They indicated that walls block solar radiation within the residential sections and provide shade, resulting in a lower temperature distribution during the daytime. However, areas where greening methods such as a green roof or tree planting were applied showed $1{\sim}2^{\circ}C$ difference in temperature distribution.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.14-30
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• 2006

It is difficult to secure public lots in the downtown area, school lots can be made the best use of important source to increase the area of green land in the city. The tree-planting campaign for schools has been in force since 1999 by the city of Seoul and at present; it is currently established as the plan of school parks. Thereupon, the purpose of this study is to present some ways to revitalize elementary schools to be used as vest pocket parks through the research of elementary schools, which are subject to the plan of school parks in Seoul. The results of this study are as below : The subjects to revitalize school parks as vest pocket parks are as follows. First, the land has to be utilized for security of space. Second, in addition to the front and back gate, another passage to the park has to be set up for easy access. Third, the fence has to be formed as a hedge used outside the park. Fourth, selecting plants, species of trees suitable for the landscape of school and taking into consideration the aspect of ecology. Finally, it is urgent to enact socially and economically proper standard of law by the new standards of area for school landscape considering not only the building law and regulations of general landscape, but also specific characteristics of school landscape.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.31 no.6_1
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• pp.439-446
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• 2013

This paper is about assessment of soil loss in irrigation reservoir based on GIS. Natural disaster caused by soil loss whose natural incidence has been rapidly reduced due to successful tree planting campaign shows high potential risk, since the latest localized heavy rain resulted from extreme weather event and artificial land development acts as direct factors for land disaster. To prevent it, various techniques and technologies have been used to predict effect of soil loss. However, reliability of techniques and technologies to predict its effect precisely is relatively low so far because the natural disaster by soil loss is taken place by complicated interaction between possible factors and direct factors. Geospatial approach is essential to examine these interactions. In this regard, this study will provide detailed plan to improve prediction reliability for soil loss of irrigation reservoir, using GIS that has Hydrologic -Topographical parameter and digital map as its input parameters.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Environmental Edudation Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.50-56
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• 2003

＃1 The Education from our Environment, The urgent subject for survival and prosperity in the future. - Around Yamaguchi in japan. - ＃2 Days of tour : January, 15, 2003 - January, 28, 2003 ＊ Comprehensive classes involved in ecosystems; Ryojo Elementary school, Guina Elementary school, Dabusei Junior High School, Ube Technical High School, Yashiro Elementary School, Toyota Nishi Junior High School, Seii Elementary School, Yamaguchi Prefectural School for the Mentally Impaired, Yamaguchi Institute for Educational Research and In-service Training, Kirara Beach Nature Watching Park ＃3 Characteristics of Yamaguchi Prefectural Environmental Education - Constant effort by concerned authorities and dedicated teachers - Cooperation of schools with community - Application of the comprehensive classes - Student-centered education through experiences - Acquirement of basic knowledge on environment in their daily lives - The harmony with the ability to survive' ＃4 Characteristics of the environmental education in each school $\square$ Ryojo Elementary School \longrightarrow Breeding the fireflies' larvae and releasing them into nature $\square$ Kuina Elementary School \longrightarrow Keeping the rivers clean $\square$ Yashiro Elementary School \longrightarrow Learning through exploring ‘Akiyoshido Cave’ $\square$ Seii Elementary School \longrightarrow Tree-planting campaign continued for 30 years $\square$ Tabuse Junior High School \longrightarrow Making their village good to live in $\square$ Toyota-Nishi Junior High School \longrightarrow Learning through working on the farm and in the forests $\square$ Ube Technical High School \longrightarrow Purifying the pond by the ‘biotope’ ＃5 Focus on Yashiro Elementary School \longrightarrow Children Guide Activity (25 hours annually) * To love their native place and tourists' attraction, Akiyoshidal * To introduce a variety of local events; - To make a fire in the mountains - To explore the cave - To hold a festival for tourists - To have a family-jointed bike riding ＃6 $\square$ conclusion - Gradual extension of environmental education * individuals \longrightarrow school \longrightarrow community - Finding the environmental problems around themselves and relating them with features of their community < Tips for the environmental education in the future > - Need for encouragement of more lively discussion in class - Expansive application of comprehensive classes to various areas

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 1989

^x As mentioned above, I consider the change of role that is related with Japanese thought of Natural Environmental Conservation, and I divide each part of periods into forest, farmland, open space, urban planning, environmental conservation etc. To summary the content of each period of Natural Environmental Conservation thought is as follows. 1) Previous period before formation(before 1919) In the previous period of Meiji, it could be said that the consciousness of the Natural Environmental Conservation was coming to existence. In this, so called, Natural Environmental Conservation, the thought of Forest Preservation was the main current and it was the thought of territorial integrity for the security of resource, the forestry conservancy and flood control in the forestry farmland. Since the age of Meiji, the theory of Natural Conservation appears from the theory of Japanese landscaping and systematic management about public parks was enforced, but the regular theory of Natural Environmental Conservation did not attain full growth. 2) The period of formation(1919~ 1954) In the period of formation, the base of Natural Environmental Conservation had been established. Parks and Open spaces were admitted as a public facilities in each city, and legislations which supported it had been continuously enacted and so on. In this period, the afforestation counter plan was emphasized on the side of territorial integrity. In the mountainous district. tree planting was emphasized to recover the forest which had been destroied by war. 3) The period of development(1955~ 1974) In the period of development, varied policies was institutionalized for the Natural Environmental Conservation. However, all sorts of development policy had performed simultaneously, thus development had complicated relation with preservation. But after 1970's the framework of system of Natural Environmental Conservation improvement was constituted to control the many kinds of development, and the spontaneous campaign of nature preservation by private lead was being taken root. This is the more progressive period. 4) The pried of root(after 1975) After the latter of 1970's, the role of Natural Environmental Conservation began to take root not in the direction of control but inducement, and, getting out of development - oriented policy, aimed at relation between human being and natural environment and the side of amenity of human environment. Besides, the current of Natural Environmental Conservation had been seperately progressed in the cities and forests. Since this period, it was the character that cities and forests began to be unified as 'amenity'space of man.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.21 no.5_3
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• pp.713-721
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• 1998

The effects of artificial interference on the vegetation landscape in Mt. Nam of Seoul, Korea were clarified by analysing the distribution of vegetation landscape element and the number and size of patch depicted as a vegetation map in terms of landscape ecological principles. The effects of artificial interference on vegetation were also confirmed from the environmental gradient analysis on plant community extended from the lowland to the peak of that mountain. Vegetation landscape elements were divided into plantation and secondary forest in actual vegtation map. The ratio of plantation to secondary forest was higher in the lowland below mid-slope and the southern slope. Most afforested land were occupied by Robinia pseudoacacia and Populus tomentoglandulosa, Pinus rigida, P. koraiensis, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Alnus hirsuta and so on are localy planted. In addition, projects to replace those afforested trees by P. densiflora as a kind of campaign for "Restoration of the one original feature of Mt. Nam" or to replace those tree species by planting young Abies holophylla or P. koraiensis under the mature afforested trees are also carried out in recent years. In cases of secondary forest, the southern slope was dominated by P. densiflora and the northern one by Q. mongolica. But the lowland of the northern slope is dominated by P. densiflora as the same as that in the southern slope. Vegetation landscape elements in Mt. Nam were much simplified comparing with that of suburban area around Seoul. The number of patches, which reflects the degree of diverse artificial interference was more in the lower area than in the upper area and more in the southern slope than in the northern one. On the other hand, the size of patch showed the antagonistic tendency to that of the number of patch. As a result of environmental gradient analysis, vegetation distribution in Mt. Nam was different from that in suburban area around Seoul. For example, Alnus japonica community, Zelkova serrata community, and Carpinus laxiflora community, which is established in mountain comparatively rare in artificial interference disappeared in Mt. Nam. As a result of analysis on vegetational succession in P. densiflora community and Q. mongolica community, both communities showed a tendency of retrogressive succession differently from that in control site located in suburban area around Seoul. In addition, species composition of P. densiflora and Q. mongolica communities in Mt. Nam were also different from those in Mt. Surak located around Seoul. It was interpreted that those results were originated from the environmental pollution and excessive arti ficial interferences.rferences.