• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.459-463
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• 2006

For the purpose of developing liner board for water-resistant corrugated board in the cold chain system, several types of base paper for corrugated board were purchased from the market and 6 different boards were produced in the paperboard mill by applying the chemicals on the base paper. Then, water-moisture resistant performance and physical properties of the boards were evaluated and compared each other. The liner board which is dried at high temperature with pressure by the Condebelt showed a superior performance in strength over conventional liner boards. Strength of the board increased by surface chemical treatment up to 60% of compressive strength and 30% of bursting strength. Starch insolubilization with Ammonium-Zirconium -Carbonate and surface coating with a surface size and a moisture resistant chemical on CK paper showed the best result. Therefore, this method was recommended to produce the outer liner board for water -resistant corrugated board.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.293-295
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• 2023

Linezolid, the first oxazolidinone introduced into human clinical use, has become a last resort antibiotic in treatment of serious infections caused by Gram-positive pathogens, including methicillin-resistant staphylococci and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Although oxazolidinones are strictly prohibited for use in food-producing animals, occurrence of linezolid-resistant staphylococci has recently been reported in livestock farms in Korea. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of an optrA-positive linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus rostri strain PJFA-333 isolated from a pig farm in Korea.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.117-127
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• 2011

The aim of this study was to examine the fate of tetracycline resistant bacteria (TRB) and tetracycline resistant genes (TRG) according to the spatial and operational wastewater treatment factors. As part of the effort, TRB and TRG of water samples at each unit processes of three different wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) were analyzed over seven month study periods. With the data about different spatial and operating conditions of these WWTPs, TRB and TRGs, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to find out any general correlation trend. Based on the statistic analysis results, the extent of TRB concentration in the activated sludge (TRBAS) is much related to the TRB concentration in primary clarifier effluent (TRBPE). Also, the study results indicated that the fate of TRB and TRG are significantly affected by the SRT variations.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.201-212
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• 2002

This study investigated the shear bond strengths between abrasion-resistant denture teeth and composite resins according to surface treatments. Denture teeth for this study were Trubyte IPN teeth(Dentsply Inc., USA) with interpenetrating polymer network and Endura Posterio (Shofu Inc. Japan) of composite resin teeth, and restorative composite resins were Clearfil FII (Kuraray, Japan) of the self-cured composite resin and Z100(3M Dental Product, USA) of the light-cured composite resin. Five different surface treatments were evaluated: (1) $50{\mu}m\;A1_2O_3$ sandblasting: (2) #100 carbide paper; (3) chloroform; (4) retentive holes; and (5) no treatment. After surface treatments, denture teeth were examined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and the maximum shear bond strengths between abrasion-resistant denture teeth and composite resins were measured using Instron. The results were as follows; 1. IPN teeth treated with sandblasting had the highest shear bond strength, and Endura treated with sandblasting and carbide paper had significantly greater shear bond strength than with any other surface treatment. 2. Regardless or composite resins, the shear bond strength on Endura was greater than on IPN teeth. 3. Regardless of denture teeth, the shear bond strength of Clearfil FII was greater han of Z100. 4. In appearance of SEM, IPN teeth treated with sandblasting showed generalized roughness on the all of surface, however, carbide paper treatment resulted in partly rough. Endura treated with sandblasting and carbide paper showed similar surface characteristics. Wetting denture teeth surface with chloroform removed the debris and created a particle-free and smooth surface.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.78.1-78.10
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• 2021

Background: Recurrent subclinical mastitis (RScM) due to resistant bacteria has low clinical and bacteriological cure rates, often requiring the culling of cows. The sequential intramammary administration of enrofloxacin hydrochloride-dihydrate (enro-C) followed by ceftiofur HCl may be useful for treating these cases. Objectives: This study assessed the bacteriological and clinical cure-efficacies of the sequentially intramammary administration of enro-C, followed by ceftiofur HCl to treat RScM in Holstein/Friesian cows. Methods: This trial was conducted in a herd with a high prevalence of RScM, and 20 Holstein/Friesian cows were included: 45% suffering subclinical mastitis and 38.9% of the mammary quarters affected. Twenty-nine bacterial isolates in vitro resistant to enro-C were obtained (coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp, 55.2%; Staphylococcus aureus, 27.6%; Escherichia coli, 6.9%; Streptococcus uberis, 6.9%; Corynebacterium bovis, 3.4%). Polymerase chain reaction-isolated the following genes linked to enro-C resistance: chromosomal (gyrA) and plasmid (aac(6')-lb-cr). The treatments were as follows: twice-daily intramammary infusions of enro-C (300 mg/10 mL) for 5 days. Cows clinically considered treatment failures were also treated with intramammary ceftiofur (125 mg/10 mL, twice daily for 5 days. The clinical and bacteriological cure rates were carried out when completing each treatment phase and at 14 and 21 days, aided by a California mastitis test, somatic cell count, and failure to identify the initially causative bacteria. Results: Enro-C achieved 65% clinical and bacteriological cure rates, and 100% cure rates were obtained after the rescue treatment with ceftiofur HCl. Conclusions: Outstanding clinical and bacteriological cure rates in cows affected by RScM were achieved with the consecutive intramammary infusions of enro-C, followed by ceftiofur HCl.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.278-289
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• 2023

Background: Linezolid has been widely used in the treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. However, there are limitations to use it such as long treatment, because of related side effects, even adequate treatment period has been needed for remission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Method: The meta-analysis was performed based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. To choose literatures, systematic literature reviews were conducted with databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE. Results: Efficacy and safety of Linezolid were determined by 85% (95% CI=79~89%, p<0.05) in the sputum culture conversion and 55% (95% CI=45~64%, p<0.01) in side effects related to linezolid, respectively. In addition, I² was estimated by 72%. In the subgroup analysis, efficacy and safety by dose and region were analyzed. In the subgroup analysis, compared with the linezolid dose in groups greater than 600 mg/day and less than 600 mg/day, this study showed 85% (95% CI 79~90%, p>0.05) in 206 patients and 82% (95% CI 73~89%, p<0.05) in 297 patients, respectively. Also, in the subgroup analysis, adverse effects caused by linezolid occurred more than 50% of treated patients. Conclusion: Therapeutic efficacy of linezolid for MDR-TB patients was confirmed regardless of the initial dose of linezolid, especially for sputum culture conversion and it was recommended that the dose of linezolid has been more effective below 600 mg/day. However, it should be necessary to closely monitored for safety issues since serious side effects possibly occurred by administration of long period treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.84 no.6
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• pp.1244-1256
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• 2023

In prostate cancer, the bone is the most common site of metastasis, and it is essential to evaluate metastatic bone lesions to assess the tumor burden and treatment response. Castration-resistant prostate cancer refers to the state wherein the cancer continues to progress despite a significant reduction of the sex hormone level and is associated with frequent distant metastasis. The Prostate Cancer Working Group 3 (PCWG3) released guidelines that aimed to standardize the assessment of treatment effects in castration-resistant prostate cancer using bone scintigraphy. However, these guidelines can be challenging to comprehend and implement in practical settings. The purpose of this review was to provide an overview of a specific image acquisition method and treatment response assessment for bone scintigraphy-based evaluation of bone lesions in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, in accordance with the PCWG3 guidelines.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.312-317
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• 2014

This study was conducted to obtain basis information for effective weed control by the fact-finding survey of herbicides use at farmer's level and distribution of herbicide resistant weeds in paddy field of Jeonbuk province, Korea. The distributions of major paddy field weeds and frequently used herbicide according to the survey were as follows. The dominant weeds in rice paddy field were Echinochloa crus-galli, Eleocharis kuroguwai, Scirpus juncoides, Monochoria vaginalis, etc.. Preferred herbicides widely used by farmers were ranked in the following order, early and middle treatment (48.0%), treatment before transplanting (36.7%) and foliar treatment (15.3%). The occurrence of herbicide-resistant weeds according to collected paddy soils was as follows. The occurring area of herbicide-resistant weeds was 24,413 ha, approximately 18.4% of rice cultivation area. Herbicide-resistant weeds were occurred in four species. The order of occurrence were Scirpus juncoides (39.0%) > Monochoria vaginalis (27.8%) > Echinochloa crus-galli (16.6%) and Cyperus difformis (16.6%). This information could be useful for estimation of future herbicide-resistant weed and establishment of herbicide-resistant weed control methods in Jeonbuk province, Korea.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.1178-1184
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• 2008

In this study, techniques of ion implantation were used in order to improve the characteristics of metal materials such as the oxidation and wear resistant. In particular it is necessary to develope their oxidation and wear resistant that could be used in severe environmental conditions. There are mainly two elementary technologies including ion implantation and/or thin film coating. Ion implantation method was performed for surface modification. As a result, it was found that some ion implantations methods such as Nb, high-temperature Nb ion implantation and Nb+C combined implantation are somewhat effective for improving the oxidation resistance of TiAl alloy. Furthermore, the fluorine PBII treatment is more effective for improving the oxidation resistance of the TiAl alloy with three-dimensional shapes. The implantation of boron ion into thin film of TiN was also effective for improving the properties of materials like high temperature wear resistance. TiCrN film was applied to the actual seal ring for steam turbines, and it was observed that its sliding property showed a successfully good performance.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.49-59
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was performed to report the effect of Giungoroen-therapy based on song psychotherapy in the treatment resistant patient with psychosomatic disease. Methods : A 43 year-old female patient suffered from headache, facial numbness, right upper and lower limb's numbness, ptosis, chest discomfort, dysarthria without identifiable physical cause. We diagnosed her as psychosomatic disease, and tried to apply Giungoroen-therapy with Korean traditional medical treatment. But she was resistant to Giungoroen-therapy. So we applied Giungoroen-therapy based on song psychotherapy. Results : After the Giungoroen-therapy based on song psychotherapy, the patient revealed her unrecognized hidden issues and got some insights about herself. Then the symptoms, such as headache, facial numbness, right upper and lower limb's numbness, ptosis, chest discomfort and dysarthria were reduced considerably. Conclusions : These results suggest that Giungoroen-therapy based on song psychotherapy can be effective on improvement of resistant psychosomatic disease.