• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2006

As an aging population is increasing, more elderly people are exposed to traumatic stress. Although this issue has received more attention in some literature, it is clear that numerous questions exist in aftermath of trauma exposure in elderly people. In case of Korean elderly suffers, traumatic experience includes the Korean war, military dictatorship and violent demonstration. Studies regarding elderly PTSD is not active and a lot of patients are not still engaged in treatment. We suggest that concerns that are unique to this population are necessary.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.261-266
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• 2012

Purpose: Traumatic pancreatic injury is not common in abdominal trauma injury. However, the morbidity and the mortality rates of patients with pancreatic injury, which are related with difficulties of initial assessment, establishment of diagnosis, and treatment are relatively high. The aim of this study is to review our institution's experience and suggest a diagnosis and therapeutic algorithm for use in cases involving traumatic pancreatic injury. Methods: Eighteen(18) patients with blunt pancreatic injury from January, 2004 to October 2012 were included in this study. We analyzed treatment and diagnosis method, other organ injury, treatment interval, hospital stay and complications retrospectively. Results: Nine patients were treated with conservative medication and another nine patients were treated surgically. Complications occurred in nine patients, and one patient died due to intraventricular hemorrhage and subdural hemorrhage with multiple organ failure. Delayed surgery was performed in three cases. The early and delayed surgery groups showed difference in hospital stay and intensive care unit stay. Delayed surgery was associated with a longer hospital stay (p=0.007) than immediate surgery. Conclusion: In blunt pancreatic trauma, proper early diagnosis and prompt treatment are recommended necessity. Based on this review of our experience, we also suggest the adoption of our institution's algorithm for cases involving traumatic pancreatic injury.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.257-266
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• 2021

Purpose: This study examined the levels of traumatic event experience, self disclosure, social support, and posttraumatic growth of intensive care unit nurses and their relationships. Methods: Participants were 142 nurses who had worked for more than 3 months in six general hospitals, J province from August 7 to September 25, 2020. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression using the program SPSS version 22.0. Results: The posttraumatic growth was found to correlate significantly with self disclosure (r=.23, p=.005), individual support (r=.54, p<.001), and organizational support (r=.32, p<.001). Factors influencing the participants of the posttraumatic growth were individual support (β=.46, p<.001) and organizational support (β=.21, p=.007). These factors explained 32.0% of the variance of ICU nurses' posttraumatic growth (F=14.13, p<.001). Conclusion: Efforts to support positive changes after traumatic event experience for ICU nurses are needed. We suggest to develop individual and organizational supportive programs for posttraumatic growth for ICU nurses and to investigate the effects of the programs.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.124-137
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• 1996

As the society becomes more industrialized and modernized, we have more chances to experience a serious traumatic event. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has 3 major categories of symptoms such as memory disturbance, hyperarousal and avoidance or numbness. I reviewed the psychobiological evidences in 3 main categories of symptoms and the biological treatment after a brief review of the epidemiology, psychosocial etiology and diagnosis of PTSD. The memory disturbance of PTSD might be developed by the potentiation of the memory pathway mediated by norepinephrine. PTSD induces HPA axis abnormality, it might also develop hippocampal dysfunction, which might contribute to the memory disturbance. The kindling effect develops desensitization, which might develop reexperiencing of the traumatic events and hyperarousal state. Chronic aroused state of locus ceruleus with resultant chronic maladaptive state of norepinephrine system, might develop hyperarousal state. Social avoidance and physical numbing state in PTSD might be caused by serotnin or opiate system. Stress induced analgesia might be developed by opiate reliesed against the acute stress. The biologic research results would help the selective treatment of PTSD.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2019

Objectives: Suicide is the most frequent cause of death among Korean adolescents, and adolescents who have experienced trauma have an increased risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, depression, and suicide attempts. However, resilience and self-esteem are protective factors. We examined the effects of resilience and self-esteem on the relationship among traumatic experiences, PTSD symptoms, depression, and suicidal ideation. Methods: Middle-school students (n=403) completed questionnaires assessing traumatic experiences, PTSD symptoms, depression, suicidal ideation, resilience, and self-esteem. Path analysis was performed to investigate the mediating effects of PTSD symptoms, resilience, self-esteem, and depression on the relationship between trauma exposure and suicidal ideation. Results: Traumatic experience was positively correlated with PTSD symptoms, depression, and suicidal ideation. PTSD symptoms and depression were positively correlated with suicidal ideation. The relationship between traumatic experiences and suicidal ideation was mediated by PTSD symptoms, which had both direct and indirect effects on suicidal ideation; the indirect effect was mediated by resilience, self-esteem, and depression. Conclusion: Korean adolescents who had experienced trauma were more likely to develop PTSD symptoms, increasing their risk of depression and suicidal ideation. However, self-esteem and resilience may help protect against depression and suicidal ideation. Our findings could inform suicide prevention initiatives.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제10권7호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 응급실 간호사의 폭력 경험과 외상 후 스트레스, 공감피로가 간호사의 직무만족도에 영향을 미치는지를 파악하기 위함이다. 경기도 소재 9개 종합병원의 응급실 간호사 114명을 대상으로 2019년 7월 1달 동안 진행되었다. 본 연구 결과 폭력 경험은 언어적 폭력 11.50±3.37점, 신체적 위협 11.57±4.15점, 신체적 폭력 11.07±5.20점으로 나타났으며, 외상 후 스트레스는 34.59±14.46, 공감피로는 26.50±7.17점, 직무 만족도는 61.19±8.38점으로 나타났다. 이 중 외상 후 스트레스(β=-.21, p=.090)가 직무 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났으며 회귀모형은 통계적으로 유의하였다(F=23.11, p<.001). 본 연구 결과를 토대로 응급실 간호사의 외상 후 스트레스를 관리하고 감소시키고 위해서는 이를 체계적으로 관리할 수 있는 관리 프로그램의 도입과 예방이 필요하리라 생각된다. 또한 응급실 간호사의 외상 후 스트레스 및 직무만족도에 대한 대처 수준 향상을 위하여 적극적인 대처 방안과 안전한 근무환경 확보를 마련하여야 할 것이다.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제69권2호
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• pp.219-246
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• 2017

본 연구는 트라우마 센터에 근무한 사회복지사들의 소진과 이차적 외상 스트레스 경험을 이해하기 위한 실체 이론 개발을 목적으로 한다. 근거이론을 통해 자료를 분석한 결과, 초기코딩을 통해서 159개의 의미단위, 47개의 하위범주, 그리고 12개의 범주를 구성하였다. 초점 코딩에서 중심현상을 '상처받은 존재성'으로 보고 '사회복지사로서의 자리 찾기'를 핵심범주로 정하였으며 이를 중심으로 연관된 범주들을 연결하였다. 이론적 코딩 결과 트라우마 센터에서 근무한 사회복지사의 소진과 이차적 외상 스트레스 경험 과정은 사명기, 갈등기, 침체기, 해체기로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 재난복지실천에 대한 준비, 트라우마 치유 관점에 대한 논의 및 합의, 그리고 소진과 이차적 외상 스트레스 예방과 대처를 위한 프로그램의 필요성을 제시하였다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.407-412
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• 2023

외상을 경험하는 대상자가 극심한 스트레스를 경험할 때 적절히 대처하지 않으면 외상 후 스트레스 장애(Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD) 등을 포함해 다양한 정신과적 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 또한, 전쟁이 아니더라도 군 복무 중 목숨을 위협하는 사건을 경험한 군인들은 심각하고 만성화된 PTSD 증상을 경험할 수 있음을 고려하면 이에 대한 개입을 위해 장병들이 어떠한 외상사건에 노출되어 있는지, 이로 인한 PTSD 증상을 어느 정도 경험하는지에 대한 연구가 필요하지만, 아직 국내연구가 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 국내 연구의 동향을 파악하고 이를 통해 군 장병의 PTSD와 심리적 지원을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있는 방안을 제공하며 더 나아가 군인뿐만 아니라 전투를 경험한 '민간인'의 PTSD에 대해서도 연구하고 일반외상과 전쟁 외상의 PTSD 차이에 따라 증상 치료 및 완화 프로그램을 민간인들에게 제공한다면 대군 신뢰 상승뿐만 아니라 군이 전쟁 외상 PTSD 연구와 예방, 치료 및 완화 분야에서 주도적 역할을 할 수 있을 것이라 기대된다.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2016

Objective : The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between subjective sleep problems and various types of traumatic events of patients with depressive disorder. Methods : A total of 411 patients diagnosed with depressive disorders were recruited in this study. The participants filled out Life Time Events Checklist (LEC), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). We used the independent t-test and analysis of covariance to compare each component of PSQI between depressive patients with and without traumatic experiences. Results : The groups of patients who experienced a serious accident at work, home or during recreational activity, sexual assault, other unwanted or uncomfortable sexual experience, life-threatening illness or injury, and sudden, unexpected death of a near and dear one showed lower scores in a few components of PSQI. Sleep disturbance was a common problem in all five groups. Lower subjective sleep quality and longer sleep latency was observed in three groups. There were no differences in the other components of PSQI among groups. Conclusion : This study showed that various types of traumatic events may have different effects on subjective sleep quality as a consequence of the traumatic event which they had experienced.

• 우울조울병
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.163-168
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• 2018

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine effects of traumatic experiences in childhood, on depressive symptoms of college students, and to determine how depression depended on positive psychological resources. Methods : A total of 430 students were recruited, from two universities in Jeju area. All participants completed self-report questionnaires, that included demographic variables, Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and Positive Resources Test (POREST). Results : Prevalence of depression was 47.9%, and a total of 133 (30.9%) college students reported traumatic experiences in childhood. Students with depressive symptoms, were likely to report more traumatic experiences in childhood, and less positive psychological resources. Results from regression analyses indicated that, while controlling for a range of demographic variables, positive psychological resources moderated the association, between traumatic experiences in childhood and depression. Conclusion : Based on results, professionals must consider positive psychological and social resources, for treatment to reduce depressive symptoms in patients with history of childhood adversity.