• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2015년도 제49회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.169.2-169.2
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• 2015

$VO_2$ is a well-known a metal-to-insulator-transition (MIT) material, accompanied with a first order structural phase transition near room temperature. Because of the structural phase transition and the MIT occur near a same temperature, there is an ongoing argument whether the MIT is induced by the structural phase transition. $VO_2$ exhibits a relatively weak anti-oxidization ability and can be oxidized to higher-valence oxides (e.g., $V_4$ $O_7$ or $V_2$ $O_5$) when annealed at a high temperature in an oxygen-rich atmosphere. We fabricated $VO_2$ films on $Al_2$ $O_3$ (0001) substrates using a DC magnetron sputtering deposition process with carefully control the $O_2$ percentage in an atmosphere. X-ray diffraction measurements from the films showed only (0l0) peaks with no extra peaks, indicating b-oriented films. The temperature-dependent local structural properties of $VO_2$ films were investigated by using in-situ X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements at the V K edge. XAFS revealed that the structural phase transition was occurred nearly $70^{\circ}C$ for heating process and reproducible. Resistance measurements as a function of temperature (R-T) demonstrated that the resistance of $VO_2$ films was changed by a factor of 4 near $75^{\circ}C$ which was higher than $68^{\circ}C$ reported from a $VO_2$ bulk. We will discuss the MIT of $VO_2$ films, comparing with the local structural properties determined by XAFS measurements.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.159-165
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• 2016

The hydrogen has been recognized as a clean, nonpolluting and unlimited energy source that can solve fossil fuel depletion and environmental pollution problems at the same time. Water electrolysis has been the most attractive technology in a way to produce hydrogen because it does not emit any pollutants compared to other method such as natural gas steam reforming and coal gasification etc. In order to improve efficiency and durability of the water electrolysis, comprehensive studies for highly active and stable electrocatalysts have been performed. The platinum group metal (PGM; Pt, Ru, Pd, Rh, etc.) electrocatalysts indicated a higher activity and stability compared with other transition metals in harsh condition such as acid solution. It is necessary to develop inexpensive non-noble metal catalysts such as transition metal oxides because the PGM catalysts is expensive materials with insufficient it's reserves. The optimization of operating parameter and the components is also important factor to develop an efficient water electrolysis cell. In this study, we optimized the operating parameter and components such as the type of AEM and density of gas diffusion layer (GDL) and the temperature/concentration of the electrolyte solution for the anion exchange membrane water electrolysis cell (AEMWEC) with the transition metal oxide alloy anode and cathode electrocatalysts. The maximum current density was $345.8mA/cm^2$ with parameter and component optimization.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.373-373
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• 2014

Resistive-change random access memory (ReRAM) device is one of the promising candidates owing to its simple structure, high scalability potential and low power operation. Many resistive switching devices using transition metal oxides materials such as NiO, Al2O3, ZnO, HfO2, $TiO_2$, have attracting increased attention in recent years as the next-generation nonvolatile memory. Among various transition metal oxides materials, HfO2 has been adopted as the gate dielectric in advanced Si devices. For this reason, it is advantageous to develop an HfO2-based ReRAM devices to leverage its compatibility with Si. However, the annealing temperature of these high-k thin films for a suitable resistive memory switching is high, so there are several reports for low temperature process including microwave irradiation. In this paper, we demonstrate the bipolar resistive switching characteristics in the microwave irradiation annealing processed Ag/HfO2/Pt ReRAM device. Compared to the as-deposited Ag/HfO2/Pt device, highly improved uniformity of resistance values and operating voltage were obtained from the micro wave annealing processed HfO2 ReRAM device. In addition, a stable DC endurance (>100 cycles) and a high data retention (>104 sec) were achieved.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.32-43
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• 2023

저항 변화 메모리 소자(RRAM)는 저항 변화 특성을 기반으로 빠른 동작 속도, 간단한 소자 구조 및 고집적 구조의 구현을 통해 많은 양의 데이터를 효율적으로 처리할 수 있는 차세대 메모리 소자로 주목받고 있다. RRAM의 작동원리 중 하나로 알려진 interface type의 저항 변화 특성은 forming process를 수반하지 않고 소자 크기를 조절하여 낮은 전류에서 구동이 가능하다는 장점을 갖는다. 그 중에서도 전이 금속 산화물 기반 RRAM 소자의 경우, 정확한 물질의 조성 조절 방법과 소자의 신뢰성 및 안정성과 같은 메모리 특성을 향상시키기 위해 다양한 연구가 진행 중에 있다. 본 논문에서는 이종 원소의 도핑, 다층 박막의 형성, 화학적 조성 조절 및 표면 처리 등의 방법을 이용하여 interface type 저항 변화 특성의 저하를 방지하고 소자 특성을 향상시키기 위한 다양한 방법을 소개하고자 한다. 이를 통해 향상된 저항 변화 특성을 기반으로 한 고효율 차세대 비휘발성 메모리 소자의 구현 가능성을 제시한다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1996년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.475-479
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• 1996

At present studies, we are going to suggest the new type of Perovskite derived catalysts which modify the defects of transition metals impregnated. Perovskite type catalyst is a typical mixed metal oxides, and there are "defect"s (from like that oxygen, cation, crystallic structure) were made by difference from composition, preparing method and so forth. And because this, its electro-magnetic character could be much changed. By using this phenomena, it could utilize the modification of adsorption/desorption characters as well as the catalytic activities in NOx reduction. Because perovskite type catalyst can exchange the metal of the each lattice site freely and it is possible to represent the peculiar.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2016년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.115.1-115.1
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• 2016

Electrochemical anodization has been interested due to its useful way for the nano-scale architecture of metal oxides obtained from a metal substrate. By using this method, it is easy to control the morphology of the oxide materials by controlling electrochemical conditions. Among oxide materials obtained from the transition metals such as Ti, V, W, etc., in this paper, the morphological study of anodized $TiO_2$ was employed at various voltage conditions in fluoric based electrolyte, and the effects of applied voltage (sweep rate and retention time) on the tube morphologies were investigated. Furthermore, by using anodization of tungsten substrate (W), we fabricated the porous structure of $WO_3$ and provided merits of tailored structure for the hybridization of inorganic and organic materials as electrochromic (EC) applications. The hybrid porous $WO_3$ shows multi-chromic properties during the EC reactions at specific voltage conditions. From these results, the anodization process with tailoring nano-structure is one of the promising methods for EC applications.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.1865-1872
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• 2011

This study investigates the sensitivity of a gas sensor to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at various operating temperatures and catalysts. Nano-sized powdered $WO_3$ prepared by sol-gel and chemical precipitation methods was mixed with various metal oxides. Next, transition metals (Pt, Ru, Pd, and In) were doped on the surface of the mixture. Metal-$WO_3$ thick films were prepared using the screen-printing method. The physical and chemical properties of the films were studied by SEM/EDS, XRD, and BET techniques. The measured sensitivity to VOCs is defined as the ratio ($R_a/R_g$) of resistance ($R_{air}$) of $WO_3$ film in the air to resistance ($R_{gas}$) of $WO_3$ film in a VOCs test gas. The sensitivity and selectivity of the films were tested with various VOCs such as acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, methyl alcohol, and BTEX. The thick $WO_3$ film containing 1 wt % of Ru and 5 wt % of $SnO_2$ showed the best sensitivity and selectivity to acetaldehyde gas at an operating temperature of 300 $^{\circ}C$.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.429-436
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• 2012

Mg and Mg-based alloys are regarded as strong candidate hydrogen storage materials since their hydrogen capacity exceeds that of known metal hydrides. One of the approaches to improve kinetic is addition of metal oxide. In this paper, we tried to improve the hydrogenation properties of Mg-based hydrogen storage composites. The effect of transition metal oxides, such as $Nb_2O_5$ on the kinetics of the Magnesium hydrogen absorption kinetics was investigated. $MgH_x$-5wt.% $Nb_2O_5$ composites have been synthesized by hydrogen induced mechanical alloying. The powder fabricated was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (Fe-SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), BET and simultaneous Thermo Gravimetric Analysis / Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TG/DSC) analysis. The Absorption / desorption kinetics of $MgH_x$-5wt.% $Nb_2O_5$ (type I and II) are determined at 423, 473, 523, 573 and 623 K.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.191-196
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• 2012

In this study, tin phosphate glass system($SnO_2-(1-x)P_2O_5-xB_2O_3$) that occur during the melting of the metal oxide inhibition of the oxidation reaction, and to reduce oxides of high melting temperature in the following three methods were melting. The first is the general way in the atmosphere, and the second by injecting $N_2$ gas under a neutral atmosphere, and finally in the air were melted by the addition of a reducing agent Melt in the atmosphere when the oxidation of the metal oxide is inhibited by low temperatures were melting. In addition, the deposition of crystals within glassy or inhibit devitrification phenomenon is also improved over 80% transmittance. This phenomenon, when the melting of glass, many of $Sn^{4+}$ ions are reduced to the $Sn^{2+}$ was forming oxides SnO, because it acts as a modifier oxide.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.651-656
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• 2005

톨루엔은 섬유산업 공정에서 발생하는 주요한 유해성 대기 오염원으로 간주된다. 본 연구에서는 ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$를 지지체로 한 전이 금속 산화물 촉매(Cu, Mn, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Ce, Sn, Fe, Sr, Cs, Mo, La, W, Zn)를 제조하여 톨루엔 완전 산화 반응을 조사하였다. XRD, FE-SEM, BET와 TPR 기법을 사용하여 금속 촉매의 특성을 조사하였다. 촉매 가운데 Cu/${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ 촉매가 가장 우수한 활성을 보여주었다. BET결과 촉매 활성의 증가는 비표면적과는 관련이 적은 것으로 나타났으며, X선 회절 분석에서 대부분의 촉매들이 무정형으로 존재함이 관찰되었다. FE-SEM을 관찰한 결과, 전이금속 산화물 촉매 중 구리산화물 촉매가 지지체 표면에 고르게 분산되어 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 톨루엔 산화반응에 따른 촉매활성 효과는 ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ 지지체 위에 전이금속 산화물 촉매가 고르게 분산된 점과 촉매 표면의 우수한 환원 특성에 기인하는 것으로 설명할 수 있었다.