• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2016

고속열차의 주위의 유통특성은 열차의 항력 및 소음 등 전반적인 특성에 영향을 주는 인자이다. 특히 고속열차의 유동 경계층은 유동 특성에 큰 영향을 미치는데, 기존의 연구는 주로 열차 주행 시 발생하는 측면 열차풍이나 열차의 하부 열차풍에 대한 연구가 주로 이루어져왔다. 열차 상부 경계층의 측정 및 분석도 매우 중요한데, 이는 열차 상부에 위치한 팬터그래프의 유동입력 조건에 상부 경계층이 가장 큰 영향을 미치기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 차세대 고속열차의 1/20 축소모델을 이용하여 열차의 상부경계층 조건을 확인하였고, 그 결과를 풀 스케일 전산유체해석결과와 비교하여 그 타당성을 검증하였다. 이를 통하여 팬터그래프로 유입되는 유동속도는 열차 주행속도의 약 85% 수준임을 확인하였으며, 또한 열차 길이방향에 따른 유동 경계층의 성장특성을 분석하였다.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제53권11호
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• pp.589-595
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• 2004

This paper presents a modeling and simulation of a grid-connected wind turbine generation system with respect to wind variations, starting of large induction motor and three-phase fault in the system, and investigates voltage variations of the system for disturbances. It describes the modeling of the wind turbine system including the drive train model, induction generator model, and grid-interface model on MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation results show the variation of the generator torque, the generator rotor speed, the pitch angle, terminal voltage, system voltage, fault current, and real/reactive power output, etc. Case studies demonstrate that the pitch angle control is carried out to achieve maximum power extraction for wind speed variations, starting of a large induction motor causes a voltage sag due to a large starting current, and a fault on the system influences on the output of the wind turbine generator.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제17권3_4호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2010

Purpose: To Provide 3 main principles that needs to be changed for clinical practice and suggest the frame of clinical practice in accordance with the change of generation. Methods: We reviewed literatures related with Clinical Practice. Results: The purpose of physical therapy is to maintain the client's motor and functional ability and enhance the quality of lifestyle. To carry out the principles of clinical practice effectively all the physical therapist must be able to comprehend as follows. First, physical therapy can be different generation by generation. Second, technical terminology must be used when communicate. Third, There are certain ways of process in physical therapy. Conclusion: Physical therapist that is heath care professional occupation in health related, is in need of constant endeavor. Also physical therapist must train oneself self-directed learning.

• 한국암반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국암반공학회 2008년도 국제학술회의
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• pp.33-41
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• 2008

The longest tunnel has been halted at Daekwanryung by the failure of the host country of the Winter Olympiad in 2014, but modern High-Power TBM will come to Korea to excavate these long tunnels to establish the better horizontal connection between the western and eastern countries to improve the strong powerful logistic strategy of Korean peninsula. Train operation provides a key function of air movements in a long underground tunnel, and heat generation from transit vehicles may account of the most heat release to the ventilation and emergency systems. This paper indicates the optimal fire suppress services and safety provision for the long railway tunnel which is designed twin tunnel with length 22km in Gangwon province of Korea. The design of the fire-fighting systems and emergency were prepared by the operation of the famous long-railway tunnels as well as the severe lessons from the real fires in domestic and overseas experiences. Designers should concentrate the optimal solution for passenger's safety at the emergency state when tunnel fires, train crush accidents, derailment, and etc. The optimal fire-extinguishing facilities for long railway tunnels are presented for better safety of the comfortable operation in this hard rock tunnel of eastern mountains side of Korea. Since year 1900, hard rock tunnel construction has been launched for railway tunnels in Korea, tunnels have been built for various purposes not only for infrastructure tunnels including roadway, railway, subway, and but also for water and power supply, for deposit food, waste, and oils etc. Most favorable railway tunnel system was discussed in details; twin tunnels, distance of cross passage, ventilation systems, for the comfortable train operations in the future.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.121-127
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• 2023

A 500 km/h linear motor high speed terrestrial transportation service is planned to launch 2027 in Japan. In order to support 5G service in the train, the Sub-carrier spacing frequency of 30 kHz is planned to be used instead of common 15 kHz sub-carrier spacing to mitigate Doppler effect in such high-speed transportation. In addition, to increase the cell size of 5G mobile system, plural Base Station antenna will transmit the identical Down Link (DL) signal to form the expanded cell size along the train rail. In this situation, forward and backward antenna signals will be Doppler shifted by reverse direction respectively and the receiver in the train might suffer to estimate accurate Channel Transfer Function (CTF) for its demodulation. In this paper, Delay and Doppler Profiler (DDP) based Channel Estimator is proposed and it is successfully implemented in signal processing simulation system. Then the simulated performances are compared with the conventional Time domain linear interpolated estimator. According to the simulation results, QPSK modulation can be used even under severe channel condition such as 500 km/h, 2 path reverse Doppler Shift condition, although QPSK modulation can be used less than 200 km/h with conventional Channel estimator.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2006

대화형 에이전트가 다양한 분야에서 적용됨에 따라서 현실성 있는 대화 생성을 위한 자연언어 생성에 대한 연구가 관심을 끌고 있다. 대화형 에이전트에서는 보통 미리 준비된 답변을 이용하여 사용자와 대화를 수행하지만, 최근에는 문장을 동적으로 생성하고 학습함으로써 보다 유연하고 현실성있는 서비스를 제공하는 대화형 에이전트가 활발히 연구되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 대화형 유전 프로그래밍을 이용한 문장생성 방법을 제안한다. 이 방법은 문장의 구조를 나타내는 문장계획 트리로 인코딩된 개체를 평가자의 평가를 통해 적응적인 문장을 얻는다. 이 방법의 유용성을 검증하기 위해 제안하는 방법으로 열차예약 에이전트를 구현한 후, 사용자 평가를 수행하였다. 그 결과 제안하는 방법이 도메인에 적합한 문장을 생성하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.83-93
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose a novel method that automatically generates real character images to familiarize existing OCR systems with new fonts. At first, we generate synthetic character images using a simple degradation model. The synthetic data is used to train an OCR engine, and the trained OCR is used to recognize and label real character images that are segmented from ideal document images. Since the OCR engine is unable to recognize accurately all real character images, a substring matching method is employed to fix wrongly labeled characters by comparing two strings; one is the string grouped by recognized characters in an ideal document image, and the other is the ordered string of characters which we are considering to train and recognize. Based on our method, we build a system that automatically generates 2350 most common Korean and 117 alphanumeric characters from new fonts. The ideal document images used in the system are postal envelope images with characters printed in ascending order of their codes. The proposed system achieved a labeling accuracy of 99%. Therefore, we believe that our system is effective in facilitating the generation of numerous character samples to enhance the recognition rate of existing OCR systems for fonts that have never been trained.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.125-131
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• 2011

TSI(Technical Specification for Interoperability) is the highest technical specification in the Europe Railway and is composed by assessment items and essential requirements included by safety, reliability, availability, health, environment protection and technical compatibility. It is used on the research and development in the next generation railway technical. Currently, TSI procedures have been asked to bid for high speed rail business in Europe and Brazil. Also, all the railway systems such as infrastructure, signaling, electric and rolling stock system corresponding with standard of TSI procedures are exported and imported. Recently, Safety Critical System which has been studied on future railway R&D business in Korea is the state of the art train control system. And it is needed for system assessment of TSI procedures before system test and operation. In this paper, basic research is performed for analyzing TSI procedures suitable for the state of the art train control system in Korean railway.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.234-238
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• 2008

We demonstrate a simple method to generate a stable 40 GHz pulse train at 1550 nm by spectral filtering of a 10 GHz mode.locked pulse source using a fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer (FFPI). A high finesse FFPI with a 40 GHz free spectral range blocks successfully unwanted spectral components of a 10 GHz pulse source and passes only 40 GHz spaced spectral lines ensuring pulse repetition-frequency quadruplication of the input pulses.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.696-702
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• 2012

In this study, a noncontact laser ultrasonic system is proposed for rail defect detection. An Nd-Yag pulse laser is used for generation of ultrasonic waves, and the corresponding ultrasonic responses are measured by a laser Doppler vibrometer. For the detection of rail surface damages, the shape of the excitation laser beam is transformed into a line. On the other hand, a point source laser beam is used for the inspection of defects inside a rail head. Then, the interactions of propagating ultrasonic waves with defects are examined using actual rail specimens. Amplitude attenuation was mainly observed for a surface crack, and reflections were most noticeable from an internal damage. Finally, opportunities and challenges associated with real-time rail inspection from a high-speed train are discussed.