• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.77-82
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• 2018

This paper aims to analyze the accident based on changing patterns of traffic culture index. For this purpose, this paper particularly focuses on classifying the traffic culture patterns and developing the traffic accidents using panel count data model. The main results are as follows. First, the traffic culture patterns are divided into 'increasing', 'decreasing' and 'other' patterns. The null hypotheses that the number of accident are the same over patterns are rejected. Second, 4 fixed effect negative binomial models which are all statistically significant are developed. Third, the regions with 'increasing' pattern are analyzed to be mostly the counties, and to demand the traffic law enforcement. Fourth, the regions with 'decreasing' pattern are evaluated to be mainly the districts and to require such the traffic culture as turn signal usage. Finally, the regions with 'other' pattern are analyzed to be mostly the cities and to ask for enhancing the level of traffic culture.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 2015

In this paper, we proposed an algorithm for the identification of relieving or worsening current traffic congestion using historic traffic congestion patterns. Historical congestion patterns were placed in an adjacency list. The patterns were constructed to represent spatial and temporal length for status of a congested road. Then, we found information about historical traffic congestions that were similar to today's traffic congestion and will use that information to show how to change traffic congestion in the future. The most similar pattern to current traffic status among the historical patterns corresponded to starting section of current traffic congestion. One of our experiment results had average error when we compared identified changes of the congestion for one of the sections in the congestion road by using our proposal and real traffic status. The average error was 15 minutes. Another result was for the long congestion road consisting of several sections. The average error for this result was within 10 minutes.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.93-101
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• 2013

PURPOSES : This study is to investigate the relationship of socioeconomic characteristics and road network structure with traffic growth patterns. The findings is to be used to tweak traffic forecast provided by traditional four step process using relevant socioeconomic and road network data. METHODS: Comprehensive statistical analysis is used to identify key explanatory variables using historical observations on traffic forecast, actual traffic counts and surrounding environments. Based on statistical results, a multiple regression model is developed to predict the effects of socioeconomic and road network attributes on traffic growth patterns. The validation of the proposed model is also performed using a different set of historical data. RESULTS : The statistical analysis results indicate that several socioeconomic characteristics and road network structure cleary affect the tendency of over- and under-estimation of road traffics. Among them, land use is a key factor which is revealed by a factor that traffic forecast for urban road tends to be under-estimated while rural road traffic prediction is generally over-estimated. The model application suggests that tweaking the traffic forecast using the proposed model can reduce the discrepancies between the predicted and actual traffic counts from 30.4% to 21.9%. CONCLUSIONS : Prediction of road traffic growth patterns based on surrounding socioeconomic and road network attributes can help develop the optimal strategy of road construction plan by enhancing reliability of traffic forecast as well as tendency of traffic growth.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.186-192
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• 2014

In this paper, we analysed vessel traffic volume and patterns of traffic flow for ships using areas where included wind farm site and adjacent waters of Daejeong Offshore Wind Farm, and estimated traffic volume by classified navigational routes according to suggestion of rational routeing measures on the basis of classified patterns after installation of offshore wind facilities. Also, we assessed vessel traffic safety for each designed routeing measures on the basis of estimated traffic volume and proposed requisite countermeasures for the safe navigation of ships. With a result of analysing patterns of traffic flow, the current traffic flow was classified by 8 patterns and the annual traffic volume was predicted to 8,975 ships. On the basis of these, expected the vessel traffic volume according to designed four routeing mesaures after installation of wind farm. As result of assessing vessel traffic safety by using powered-vessel collision model of SSPA on the basis of the estimated traffic volume, the value of collision probability was less than safe criteria $10^{-4}$. Thereby we made sure usability of the designed routeing measures for the safe navigation of ships.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.35-62
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• 1995

Traffic has a very important function but has caused such social problems as traffic congestion parking and traffic accidents in metropolitan areas. It is difficult to examine the causes of traffic accidents related to human life, which occur by human, vehicle and environmental factors. But human factor is the only measure requlating these factors together an analyzing factors influencing establishment of counterplan of traffic accidents. Consequently , this study employs the principal component analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis to estimate the characteristics and influential factors of traffic accidents and defines the typical patterns of happening lots of traffic accidents. Accordingly, this study establishes an acknowledgement model of the causes and preference model of the counterplan of traffic accidents using Multi-Dimension Preference(MDPREF) method.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.89-101
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• 2018

Objectives To understand current status of clinical practice patterns on Korean Medicine treatment practice of traffic injury patients by 2nd on-line survey for developing Korean Medicine treatment clinical pratice guideline (CPG) for traffic injuries. Methods A revised questionnaire about current practice patterns of Korean Medicine treatments for traffic injuries was distributed by e-mail survey to 19,385 respondents of Korean Medicine doctors from May 21th in 2018 to June 21th in 2018. All data were statistically analysed. Results The response rate was 3.5%. Most of the respondents felt necessity of the development of Korean Medicine CPG for traffic injuries. The results showed the detailed usage and trend of current Korean Medicine treatment such as acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, moxibustion, Chuna manual therapy, cupping, Korean Medicine physiotherpy for traffic injury patients. Conclusions This survey helps to determine current Korea Medicine treatments' clinical practice patterns for traffic injury patients. All data from the survey will provide basic data for future clinical studies and adaptation for the revision of Korean Medicine CPG for traffic injuries.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.562-568
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• 2016

In this paper, we focus on recognition of speed-limit signs among a few types of traffic signs because speed-limit sign is closely related to safe driving of drivers. Although histogram of oriented gradient (HOG) and local binary patterns (LBP) are representative features for object recognition, these features have a weakness with respect to rotation, in that it does not consider the rotation of the target object when generating patterns. Therefore, this paper propose the fast rotation-invariant binary patterns (FRIBP) algorithm to generate a binary pattern that is robust against rotation. The proposed FRIBP algorithm deletes an unused layer of the histogram, and eliminates the shift and comparison operations in order to quickly extract the desired feature. The proposed FRIBP algorithm is successfully applied to German Traffic Sign Recognition Benchmark (GTSRB) datasets, and the results show that the recognition capabilities of the proposed method are similar to those of other methods. Moreover, its recognition speed is considerably enhanced than related works as approximately 0.47second for 12,630 test data.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.131-145
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• 2017

Objectives The purpose of this study is to understand current status of Korean Medicine treatment practice patterns for traffic injuries by web-based survey. Methods The structured questionnaire was distributed by a web based survey to 1,630 potential respondents by email from December 19th in 2016 to February 13th in 2017. All data were statistically analysed. Results The response rate was 79.4%. According to the analysis of the outcome of the survey, 88.0% of the participants felt necessity of the development of Korean medicine clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for traffic injuries. Survey results showed cognitive degree about Korean Medicine CPGs' necessity, individual Korean medicine treatments and requirement for extending insurance coverage for patients with traffic injuries. Conclusions This survey study helps to determine current clinical practice patterns of Korea medicine treatments for traffic injuries. These results further anticipate to provide basic data for CPGs for traffic injuries.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.521-539
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• 2009

This study investigates the time-space characteristics of the road traffic flows in Seoul and the relationship with land use patterns. For the purpose, we analyze the road traffic data collected at 118 observation sites over Seoul City area since 1993. We examine the time-trend of the annual average traffic flows per day during the last fourteen years. Three different trends are revealed: rapid increase during the time period between 1993 and 1997, maintenance same level after sharp decrease between year 1997 and 1998, and gradual decrease after sharp decrease between year 2003 and 2004. The spatial distribution patterns of road traffic flows have also been changed significantly during the period. The traffic flows in the urban center have been declined gradually, while the traffic flows in the boundary area and southern CBDs have increased dramatically. In order to examine the relationship with the changes in the land-use patterns and road traffic flows, we analyze the changes in the spatial distribution patterns of population and industries. We developed three multiple linear regression models to test the relationships between the changes in the land-use variables and road traffic flows.

• Archives of design research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.199-207
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• 2000

The planning of large department store is differ from designing other spaces because it holds items to sell. To make effective selling area, those items are to be showed enough to attract potential customers. In well planned space, customers would enjoy shopping convenientiy and comfortably. There are some requirements to make those kind of space. First, the design must consider customers needs. Second. the design must show items own values effectively. And third is identity of the store. At this point entrance or lobby area would possibly take major role to imprint identity and store concept. The purpose of study is to make well planned lobby area in order to lead customers traffic patterns to effective selling spaces. The method of this study is establishing hypothesis about interior and exterior aspects which effect to traffic patterns. And build condition that helps testing the hypothesis. Through the processes mentioned above, we would possibly reach the result like, First, It is important to reserve enough lobby space to prevent oversizing of selling space and advise effective traffic patterns. Second, Organize the aspects that could cause the change of customers traffic patterns and bring those customers selling point. Third, Make useful context which can attract customers passing by.