• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2006

For decades, simulation technique has been well validated in areas such as computer and communication systems. Recently, the technique has been much used in the area of transportation and traffic forecasting. Several methods have been proposed for investigating complex traffic flows. However, the dynamics of vehicles and diversities of driver characteristics have never been considered sufficiently in these methods, although they are considered important factors in traffic flow analysis. In this paper, we propose a traffic simulation tool called Multi-Agent for Traffic Simulation with Vehicle Dynamics Model (MATDYMO). Road transport consultants, traffic engineers and urban traffic control center managers are expected to use MATDYMO to efficiently simulate traffic flow. MATDYMO has four sub systems: the road management system, the vehicle motion control system, the driver management system, and the integration control system. The road management system simulates traffic flow for various traffic environments (e.g., multi-lane roads, nodes, virtual lanes, and signals); the vehicle motion control system constructs the vehicle agent by using various vehicle dynamic models; the driver management system constructs the driver agent capable of having different driving styles; and lastly, the integrated control system regulates the MATDYMO as a whole and observes the agents running in the system. The vehicle motion control system and driver management system are described in the companion paper. An interrupted and uninterrupted flow model were simulated, and the simulation results were verified by comparing them with the results from a commercial software, TRANSYT-7F. The simulation result of the uninterrupted flow model showed that the driver agent displayed human-like behavior ranging from slow and careful driving to fast and aggressive driving. The simulation of the interrupted flow model was implemented as two cases. The first case analyzed traffic flow as the traffic signals changed at different intervals and as the turning traffic volume changed. Second case analyzed the traffic flow as the traffic signals changed at different intervals and as the road length changed. The simulation results of the interrupted flow model showed that the close relationship between traffic state change and traffic signal interval.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.584-590
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• 2000

Urban traffic situations are extremely complex and highly interactive. The multi-agent systems approach can provide a new desirable solution. Currently, a traffic simulator is needed to understand and explore the difficulties in an agent-oriented traffic control. This paper presents an agent-oriented fuzzy logic controller for multiple crossroads simulation. A fuzzy logic control simulation with variables of arrival, queue, and traffic volume could alleviate traffic congestion. We developed an agent-oriented simulator suitable for traffic junctions with η$\times$η intersections in Visual C++. The proposed method adaptively controls the cycle of traffic signals even though the traffic volume varies. The effectiveness of this method was shown through simulation of multiple intersections.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2003년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집 I
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• pp.69-72
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• 2003

This paper presents a traffic control agent that can perform the dynamic resource allocation by controlling traffic flows on a DiffServ network. In addition, this paper presents a router that can support DiffServ on Linux to support selective QoS in IP network environment. To implement a method for selective traffic transmission based on priority on a DiffServ router, this paper changes the queuing discipline in Linux, and presents the traffic control agent so that it can efficiently control routers, efficiently allocates network resources according to service requests, and relocate resources in response to state changes of the network.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.145-154
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• 2006

In the companion paper, the composition and structure of the MATDYMO (Multi-Agent for Traffic Simulation with Vehicle Dynamic Model) were proposed. MATDYMO consists of the road management system, the vehicle motion control system, the driver management system, and the integration control system. Among these systems, the road management system and the integration control system were discussed In the companion paper. In this paper, the vehicle motion control system and the driver management system are discussed. The driver management system constructs the driver agent capable of having different driving styles ranging from slow and careful driving to fast and aggressive driving through the yielding index and passing index. According to these indices, the agents pass or yield their lane for other vehicles; the driver management system constructs the vehicle agents capable of representing the physical vehicle itself. A vehicle agent shows its behavior according to its dynamic characteristics. The vehicle agent contains the nonlinear subcomponents of engine, torque converter, automatic transmission, and wheels. The simulation is conducted for an interrupted flow model and its results are verified by comparison with the results from a commercial software, TRANSYT-7F. The interrupted flow model simulation is implemented for three cases. The first case analyzes the agents' behaviors in the interrupted flow model and it confirms that the agent's behavior could characterize the diversity of human behavior and vehicle well through every rule and communication frameworks. The second case analyzes the traffic signals changed at different intervals and as the acceleration rate changed. The third case analyzes the effects of the traffic signals and traffic volume. The results of these analyses showed that the change of the traffic state was closely related with the vehicle acceleration rate, traffic volume, and the traffic signal interval between intersections. These simulations confirmed that MATDYMO can represent the real traffic condition of the interrupted flow model. At the current stage of development, MATDYMO shows great promise and has significant implications on future traffic state forecasting research.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2009년도 정보 및 제어 심포지움 논문집
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• pp.94-96
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• 2009

In this paper, we present the Q-learning method for adaptive traffic signal control on the basis of multi-agent technology. The structure is composed of sixphase agents and one intersection agent. Wireless communication network provides the possibility of the cooperation of agents. As one kind of reinforcement learning, Q-learning is adopted as the algorithm of the control mechanism, which can acquire optical control strategies from delayed reward; furthermore, we adopt dynamic learning method instead of static method, which is more practical. Simulation result indicates that it is more effective than traditional signal system.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.84-92
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• 2006

Freeway Corridors consist of urban freeways and parallel arterials that drivers can use alternatively. Ramp metering in freeways and signal control in arterials are contemporary traffic control methods that have been developed and applied in order to improve traffic conditions of freeway corridors. However, most of the existing studies have focused on either optimal ramp metering in freeways, or progression signal strategies between arterial intersections. There have been no traffic control systems in Korea that integrates the freeway ramp metering and arterial signal control. The effective control strategies for freeway operations may cause negative effects on arterial traffic. On the other hand, traffic congestion and bottleneck phenomenon of arterials due to the increasing peak-hour travel demand and ineffective signal operation may generate an accessibility problem to freeway ramps. Thus, the main function of the freeway which is the through-traffic process has not been successful. The purpose of this study is to develop an integrated control model that connects freeway ramp metering systems and signal control systems in arterial intersections. And Optimization of integrated control model which consists of ramp metering and signal control is another purpose. Optimization results are verified by comparison with the results from MATDYMO.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2007

Freeway corridors consist of urban freeways and parallel arterials that drivers can use alternatively. Ramp metering in freeways and signal control in arterials are contemporary traffic control methods that have been developed and applied in order to improve traffic conditions of freeway corridors. However, most of the existing studies have focused on either optimal ramp metering in freeways, or progression signal strategies between arterial intersections. There have been no traffic control systems in Korea that integrates the freeway ramp metering and arterial signal control. The effective control strategies for freeway operations may cause negative effects on arterial traffic. On the other hand, traffic congestion and bottleneck phenomenon of arterials due to the increasing peak-hour travel demand and ineffective signal operation may generate an accessibility problem to freeway ramps. Thus, the main function of the freeway which is the through-traffic process has not been successful. The purpose of this study is to develop an integrated control model that connects freeway ramp metering systems and signal control systems in arterial intersections. And Optimization of integrated control model which consists of ramp metering and signal control is another purpose. The design of experiment, neural network, and simulated annealing are used for optimization.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1735-1740
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• 2005

In this paper, ways of improving the performances of roundabouts under the assumption that the Advanced Vehicle System is proposed. The situation on a road contains uncertainty and complexity caused by different vehicles having different directions and time-varying traffic flow. This sort of system with high uncertainty is called Multi Agent System (MAS). The MAS is a collective system, including numbers of agents and performs high diversity of the configuration as well as it has nonlinear property and complexity. Hence it is difficult to analyze and control the multi-agent system. A roundabout can be considered as an MAS with numbers of moving vehicles. So it must be difficult to use a centralized control technique to all vehicles in an intersection. Therefore, to improve the performances of roundabouts, multi-agents flow control algorithm for vehicles in Roundabouts using 'self-organization' technique is proposed.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제29권3B호
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• pp.325-338
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• 2004

최근 인터넷 기술이 급속도로 발전하고 인터넷상에서의 멀티미디어 통신이 일반화되면서 네트워크 트래픽이 급속히 증가되고 있으며, 이러한 트래픽 급증으로 인하여 네트워크 회선 부족 및 통신 서비스의 품질 저하 등의 문제점들이 발생하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해서 If네트워크 환경에서 선별적인 QoS를 보장하는 DiffServ지원 라우터와 DiffServ 네트워크상의 트래픽 흐름을 제어함으로써 클라이언트의 대역폭 요구에 대한 동적 자원할당을 수행하는 트래픽 제어 에이전트를 제시한다. 본 논문에서는 DiffServ지원 라우터 상에서 트래픽의 선별적인 전송방식을 구현하기 위해 리눅스의 큐 관리정책을 조작하였으며. 이러한 DiffServ지원 라우터를 효율적으로 제어할 수 있는 트래픽 제어 에이전트를 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제시하는 트래픽 제어 에이전트는 클라이언트의 서비스 요청에 대한 자원할당기능을 수행하며. 네트워크 상태변화에 따라 동적으로 자원을 재 할당한다. 특히, DiffServ 지원 라우터에서는 비동기 큐잉과 클래스별 큐잉기능을 제공하는 ACW$F_2$Q$^{+}$(Asynchronous and Class based W$F_2$Q$^{+}$) 패킷 스케줄러를 제안하여 AF PHB의 처리율과 공평성(fairness)을 향상시킨다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.707-741
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• 2005

멀티미디어 스트리밍에서 유니캐스트 방식은 사용자 수가 증가함에 따라 트래픽이 증가하게 되어 추가적인 비용 부담이 있게 된다. 멀티캐스트 방식은 이러한 문제점을 해결할 수 있으나 클라이언트의 접속과 제어정보를 가질 수 없으며, 현재 대부분 라우터들이 유니캐스트 방식만을 지원하고 있는 실정이다. 또한, 다른 ISP 사업자간에는 서비스를 받을 수 없는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위해 원격 화상교육을 위한 유니캐스트 방식과 P2P를 응용한 트래픽 에이전트 시스템을 제안하였다. 제안된 시스템은 컨트를 에이전트에 의해 스트림 서버의 트래픽이 감소되고,네트워크의 비용을 줄일 수 있다. 이 시스템은 JMF와 응용 소프트웨어를 이용하여 원격 화상교육을 시연함으로써 본 시스템의 타당성을 검증하고 분석하였다.