• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2012

Objectives : The 10th Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP 10) was held in Nagoya, Japan in October 2010, during which an international convention on access to genetic resources and conventional knowledge and sharing of benefits thereof was adopted. The Oriental Medicine field uses medicinal herbs based on genetic resources, as well as traditional knowledge about genetic resources. As such, if Korea, China and Japan compete over the ownership of such traditional knowledge, it will almost certainly trigger disputes over the payment of royalties among other problems. Notably, since the traditional medicine industry is closely related with China, it is highly likely this will adversely affect Korea's production of medicines using natural materials, including Korean herbal doctors' prescription, formulation and preparation of medicinal herbs. Methods : This study also analyzed the recent situation in Japan, which is the chair nation of the Nagoya Protocol and a member nation like Korea. It analyzed the Japanese people's awareness of the Nagoya Protocol and its strategies in the two years since its adoption, as well as the Guidelines for Genetic Resources, which were newly revised in 2012. Conclusions : The Nagoya Protocol requires the preparation of legislative and administrative measures and policies in order to pave the way for sharing the benefits deriving from the use of genetic resources and the relevant traditional knowledge with the providers of such resources. Thus, corresponding domestic legal measures need to be taken. Such measures include the refining of the procedure of accessing genetic resources, the designation of liaison offices, a competent agency and a supervisory agency, and the building of a system designed to issue internationally acknowledged certificates. It is also important to operate related professional consulting offices, as is the case in Japan. In addition, in the case of genetic resources, there is a need to seek multinational and bilateral cooperation including free trade agreements. Regarding traditional knowledge about genetic resources, measures need to be prepared to enable the three East Asian countries, namely, Korea, China and Japan, to commonly use ancient literature on Oriental medicine and to claim exclusive rights to such intellectual properties. Notably, with China now moving to expand the scope of traditional knowledge through the WIPO, Korea needs to prepare response measures.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.75-97
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• 2019

The growing importance of biological resources as sovereign rights to healthcare, energy, and food has sparked international discussions on Genetic Resources (GRs) and Traditional Knowledge (TK). As the bio-industry continues to grow, research and development utilizing patented biological resources are advocated. Currently, World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is actively discussing GRs and TK, and an effective response to national interest has been sought. Of late, there have been growing disputes over issues like ownership, control, and access and benefit-sharing between indigenous peoples and users of GRs and TK resources. Resolution of disputes concerning GRs and TK are thus becoming critical not only to stakeholders such as the indigenous peoples and corporations, but also to third-party users. Due to the weakness of the current IP and court system however, such disputes are not addressed adequately. This paper will address the use of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR), which is an out-of-court dispute resolution system, on conflicting issues regarding GRs and TK. It will consider the WIPO as a forum for ADR and ADR for GRs and TK disputes and it will seek both parties in the dispute to benefit from the use of the ADR process.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.83-93
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• 2000

The purpose of this study were to suggest the method of sex education by designing and implementing multimedia program about sex education, to search the efficiency between a teaching using multimedia program and a teaching of traditional method. To put above aims into practice, these were required : 1. are there any differences in the alteration of sex attitude according to teaching methods. 2. are there any differences in the completion of sex knowledge according to teaching methods. 3. are there any differences in the alteration of sex attitude according to learning level and teaching methods. 4. are there any differences in the completion of sex knowledge according to learning level and teaching methods. 5. are there any differences in the alteration of sex attitude according to sex and teaching methods. 6. are there any differences in the completion of sex knowledge according to sex and teaching methods. To carry out a reseach for this purpose, the subjects for this study were 160 sixth grade students from 2 elementary schools in Pu-Chun, Kyung Ki. The tools for study were two kind of questionnaires: sex knowledge test, sex attitude test. Each test consists of 20 items. Collected data was analysed with t-test by means of SPSS program. The main results of this study are as follow: 1. The Alteration of sex attitude according to teaching methods. There was a significant difference among teaching methods(P<.001). a teaching using multimedia program was more efficient than a teaching of traditional method in the alteration of sex attitude. 2. The Completion of sex knowledge according to teaching methods. There was a significant difference among teaching methods(P<.001). a teaching using multimedia program was more efficient than a teaching of traditional method in the completion of sex knowledge. 3. The Alteration of sex attitude according to learning level and teaching methods. There was a significant difference among teaching methods in the superior class. a teaching using multimedia program was more efficient than a teaching of traditional method in the alteration of sex attitude(P<.001). However, there was not a significant difference among teaching methods in the inferior class(P>.05). 4. The Completion of sex knowledge according to learning level and teaching methods. There was a significant difference among teaching methods in the superior class. a teaching using multimedia program was more efficient than a teaching of traditional method in the completion of sex knowledge(P<.001). Also, there was a significant difference among teaching methods in the inferior class. a teaching using multimedia program was more efficient than a teaching of traditional method in the completion of sex knowledge(P<.001). 5. The Alteration of sex attitude according to sex and teaching methods. There was a significant difference among teaching methods in the man class. a teaching using multimedia program was more efficient than a teaching of traditional method in the alteration of sex attitude(P<.01). However, There was not a significant difference among teaching methods in the woman class(P>.05). 6. The Completion of sex knowledge according to sex and teaching methods. There was a significant difference among teaching methods in the man class. a teaching using multimedia program was more efficient than a teaching of traditional method in the completion of sex knowledge(P<.001). Also, there was a significant difference among teaching methods in the woman class. a teaching using multimedia program was more efficient than a teaching of traditional method in the completion of sex knowledge(P<.05).

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.1161-1170
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• 2014

오늘날과 같은 글로벌 경쟁에서는 전통지식, 전통문화표현물, 유전자원 등과 같은 새로운 분야의 지식재산이 중요한 자산으로 인식되고 있다. 이와 함께 우리나라의 문화콘텐츠, 브랜드, 디자인 등 지식재산의 총체적 경쟁력 확보가 시급한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 2014년 이후 발효예정인 나고야의 정서에 의해 향후 다양하게 파생될 이익 공유 문제와 지적재산권 분쟁에 대비할 수 있도록 하기 위하여, 우리나라 중부지방 문헌 전통지식 2,047건과 구전 전통지식 931건을 대상으로 전처리 과정을 거쳐 200건의 전통지식을 선정하였다. 이들을 대상으로 양적 연구방법인 델파이 (Delphi) 조사를 활용하여 우선순위 상위 50건의 전통지식을 선정하였다. 선정된 50건 중 문헌 전통지식은 30건, 구전 전통지식은 20건으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 포커스그룹인터뷰 등과 같은 질적 조사연구의 기본 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. 나아가 선정된 전통지식은 향후 유효 공표 (특허를 위한 선행성 확보)를 통하여 국제사회에서 인정받을 수 있는 우리나라 생물 전통지식의 자산 확보 등에 크게 기여할 수 있다는 점 등에 본 연구의 의의가 있다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.65-87
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate the consciousness, knowledge and food preferences for the Korean traditional foods, using a questionnaire survey for 560 high school students in seoul. The data were analyzed with simple frequency, percentage, t-test, chi-square test, dispersion analysis, Pearson's correlation and hierarchical multiple-regression analysis using the SPSS/PC+ Package system. The results of the survey are summarized as follows ; Girls showed a more interest in Korean traditional foods than boys. The motive of having interest in korean traditional foods were through mass communication or home education. Most of students were preffered korean traditional foods and were proud of native foods. The most preffered foods were Kim-chi and beverage. and they thought that color, appearance, foodstuff combination of Korean traditional foods were better than those of foreign foods. they showed a tendency to decrease the use Korean traditional foods because it is difficult to cook and they have little time to cook. They have taken more Korean traditional foods at home. Most students were responded that it is necessary to develope Korean traditional foods at home for the succeeding of korean dietary life culture. For the idea of improving Korean traditional foods, it is thought that simplified cooking method, new cooking method and fastfood is developed.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.3885-3890
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• 2014

Background: This study aimed to determine nursing student knowledge, behavior and beliefs for breast cancer and breast self-examination receiving courses with a traditional lecturing method (TLM) and the Six Thinking Hats method (STHM). Materials and Methods: The population of the study included a total of 69 second year nursing students, 34 of whom received courses with traditional lecturing and 35 of whom received training with the STHM, an active learning approach. The data of the study were collected pre-training and 15 days and 3 months post-training. The data collection tools were a questionnaire form questioning socio-demographic features, and breast cancer and breast self-examination (BSE) knowledge and the Champion's Health Belief Model Scale. The tests used in data analysis were chi-square, independent samples t-test and paired t-test. Results: The mean knowledge score following traditional lecturing method increased from $9.32{\pm}1.82$ to $14.41{\pm}1.94$ (P<0.001) and it increased from $9.20{\pm}2.33$ to $14.73{\pm}2.91$ after training with the Six Thinking Hats Method (P<0.001). It was determined that there was a significant increase in pre and post-training perceptions of perceived confidence in both groups. There was a statistically significant difference between pre-training, and 15 days and 3 months post-training frequency of BSE in the students trained according to STHM (p<0.05). On the other hand, there was a statistically significant difference between pre-training and 3 months post-training frequency of BSE in the students trained according to TLM. Conclusions: In both training groups, the knowledge of breast cancer and BSE, and the perception of confidence increased similarly. In order to raise nursing student awareness in breast cancer, either of the traditional lecturing method or the Six Thinking Hats Method can be chosen according to the suitability of the teaching material and resources.

• 셀메드
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.21.1-21.15
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• 2016

In Kenya, traditional knowledge on herbal medicine has remained a mainstream source of maintaining wellbeing for generations in many communities. However, the knowledge has been eroded in the course of time due to sociocultural dynamics virtually advanced by Christianity and formal education especially in the Kikuyu community. The study documented current ethnobotanical knowledge and threat to the traditional knowledge on medicinal plants among the Kikuyu community. A survey was carried out in Mathira, Tetu, Kieni, Othaya, Mukurweini, and Nyeri Town constituencies. Thirty practicing herbalists were purposively sampled; 5 per constituency. Data was obtained through semi - structured questionnaires and analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. A total of 80 ailments treated using 111 medicinal plant species distributed within 98 genera and 56 families were documented. Prevalent communicable diseases treated using herbal medicine included; gonorrhea (17.5%), malaria (15%), respiratory infections (12%), colds (10%) and amoebiasis (10%). Non-communicable diseases were; joint pains (11.1%), ulcers/hyperacidity (8.7%), high blood pressure (8.7%), intestinal worms (11.1%) and arthritis/gout (10%). Frequently harvested plant materials were; roots, barks and leaves. The study concluded that, traditional medicine practitioners in Nyeri County possessed wide knowledge of herbal medicine but this knowledge was on the verge of disappearing as it was largely a preserve of the aged generation. The study recommended massive campaign about the benefits of using herbal medicine in the study area. Further pharmacological studies are recommended on the mentioned plant species aimed at establishing their efficacy and safety as well as standardization as potential drugs.

• 농촌계획
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2016

This Research was carried out to investigate landscape characteristics of the traditional Chinese village through the landscape analysis. The Purpose of this study was to offer suggestions for improving Korea's traditional village scenery. This research was conducted by analysis about an important component of the landscape in Ping-shan traditional village. It was studied natural landscape, life landscapes, agricultural production landscapes and symbols landscape. This study was carried out through literature research, field research and interviews. The results of Chinese traditional village's landscape characteristic was First, Ping-shan traditional village was located on the basis of Feng-Shui settings. Second, Ping-shan traditional village was clan-based. Third, It is composed of a large green space on the outskirts of the village. Fourth, Ping-shan traditional village was a typical channel village. Fifth, Ping-shan traditional village was a living landscape with various features. sixth, Ping-shan traditional village was a lot of space to agricultural production, most of the arable land surround village. Suggestions for improving Korea's traditional village scenery are as follows ; First, proposes actively re-design on the base of defense fengshi landscape interpreted as a modern sense. Seconds, when large-scale farmland project is established in Korea, you can expect to gain knowledge from traditional Chinese village spacing. Thirds, It seems to require a study of the public space for festival. in the case of china, ancestral shrine space is center and space for festival. Fourth, It was important to seek knowledge about protection for frequent in flood plains in Korea's traditional village. Ping-shan traditional village was well-known for housing with contact water, connected channels and beautiful defense pond. Fifth, for improving Korea's traditional village scenery, we need to make various focus landscape features. Most of the visitors to Ping-shan traditional village was interested in the big and small beautiful landscapes and shelters.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.137-147
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• 2011

In 2009, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) recognized the unique outstanding ecosystem biodiversity and distinct ecocultural values of the Shinan Dadohae Biosphere Reserve in the island region. The Dadohae area, which has been sustainably conserved for scores of years, boasts not only a unique ecosystem, but also has residents with a wide range of traditional ecological knowledge. In terms of understanding the soundness of the ecosystem network known as the landscape system, the recent expansion of environmental development has served to heighten the degree of consideration given not only to biodiversity, which has long been used as an indicator to assess ecosystem soundness, but also to assess cultural diversity. Man has used the surrounding landscape and living organisms as his life resources since the beginning. Moreover, whenever necessary, man has developed new species through cultivation. Biodiversity became a foundation that facilitated establishing cultural diversity such as food and housing. Such ecological knowledge has been conveyed not only to adjacent regions, but also at the international level. The recent rapid changes in the Dadohae area island ecosystem caused by the transformation of fishing grounds by such factors as climate change, excess human activities, and marine pollution, is an epoch event in environmental history that shows that the balance between man and nature has become skewed. Furthermore, this issue has moved beyond the biodiversity and landscape diversity level to become an issue that should be addressed at the cultural diversity level. To this end, the time has come to pay close attention to this issue.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2008

This study is a report on the restoration process and future projects involving the restoration of the medical records from 1914 to 1974. Cheong-Gang Young-Hoon Kim was born in 1882 and passed away in 1974. His times were the times when Korean Traditional Medicine was being neglected due to the introduction of Western Medicine through Japan. During this time Young-Hoon Kim put much effort into the Korean Traditional Medicine Restoration Movement and left over 150,000 medical records while consistently examining patients. Currently, this data can be found at the College of Oriental Medicine, Kyunghee University and is being compiled into a database as a part of the 2007 Knowledge of Oriental Medicine Web Service Project. The Preface and Chapter 1 introduce the author and the contents of the Cheong-Gang Medical Records, and Chapter 2 briefly discusses the necessity of providing digitalization and modernization to the medical records. Chapter 3 discusses the preservation process of the original medical records, chapter 4 describes the process of restoring and providing web access to the contents of the medical records, and chapter 5describes the main purpose of the medical records as well as future projects and an outlook involving the Knowledge of Oriental Medicine Web Service Project.