• Journal of architectural history
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• v.8 no.4 s.21
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• pp.39-62
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• 1999

Basic concept of this study is that architectural form as a material at present has meaning for the dweller's life on the past historical plane. Main method to recover history is ethnographic interview to dwellers. Secondary method is to analyze ancestors' writings, buildings in the background of the family photos, and past drawings and then to relate them with architectural form at present. Taxonomy is a starting point: general name of the building by outside researcher is quite different from it by inside dwellers. 'Haengrang-chae', servant quarter, has never been used for servants. Function of the haengrang went outside thatched houses at the front village. Firsthand observation or simple analyses as results of several precedent research are reexamined and criticized through this study. The mansion has moaning when we synthesize with the site location based on farming land and tenant farmer, and decline of the Kyongpo Lake. Territoriality of the mansion is reinterpreted to 'In-Out Structure' by Yin-Yang thinking, Dwellers extend buildings gradually to outside village, surrounding rear hills, the lake, DongHae Sea, and finally goes to imaginative Taoist heaven beyond real nature through the literary life. Confucius principle, known to govern upper class house at Yi Dynasty also affect general composition of the buildings: perpetuation of the family by ancestor worship, elder dominance and male dominance, fraternity love in the extended family, charity display by reception of guests, Taoist scholarly life harmonized with nature. However, the study of the particular life and usage of the dwellers reinforces or corrects general supposition of precedent researches. Unique shape of the house has been formed by convenience of the dwellers' life style, early modernized free thought over the rigid Confucius design principle, and female power in male dominant society.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.16-26
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• 2010

In recent, as rediscovery of the modern value is developed through the support by the government and the reinterpretation of the traditional culture, a Korean-style house(Hanok) also becomes an object of interest. Among these various viewpoints to see the Korean-style house, the necessity of a new spatial design approach to contain the types and functions of the architectural space of the Hanok appropriate to the modern society is raised which is not a passive approach to preserve the existing cultural assets. Out of the methods of the new spatial design of the Hanok which reflect the paradigm of the times, this study has the purpose to make an approach from the viewpoint of 'Restoration design'. As the 21 st century started, the recycle design whose active discussion and performance is made largely by Europe and Japan can be called a design method in the hardware part which enables continuous adaptive use of a building by applying a new use purpose and method to a building which doesn't use the recycle design or has low efficiency. In that meaning, it can be considered to be a very important architectural activity historically, archltecturally and spatially. Based on the methodological characteristics of the recycle design, this study largely divides the types of recycle into coherent recycle and imagery recycle and dedto s detailed methods of space, consinto ion and material and wardrobe used for each case to analyze the methods of concrete recycle design through the methodological analysis of recycle cases of the existing modern buildings. For the objects of recycle cases of the Hanok made recently based on the design methods acquired here, it was examined how the architectural and spatial characteristics of the Hanok can be reconsinto ed through what kinrecycmethods. The approach of the recycle design is considered to be a cornerstone to show a new architectural and spatial value in the viewpoint of the Hanok existence in modern times.

• Architectural research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.147-152
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• 2015

Recently, there is an increasing criticism both inside and outside China toward the eco-migration projects. The author focuses on the eco-migration of Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve as a case study as it is one of the main eco-migration projects. At the end of 2010, government invested 4.47 billion CNY in eco-migration and relocated the immigration 55773 people in 10733 units. Benefits of eco-migration is obvious, however, it needs to be recognized that in the aspect of environment justice, it is unfair to sacrifice a group of people in the process of environmental protection because costs and benefits result from the environmental protection have to share among the people without discrimination. Local herdsmen received extra disadvantages in their level of material possessions, social and cultural values and the social inclusion after eco-migration project. As a part of the eco-social system established within several centuries, the local herdsmen are not only threateners to local ecology system, but also the guardians to the natural environment through religion and habits last for generations. The social and cultural values, traditional religion and Nomadic living habits, as important as the environment, are need to be cherished and protected.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.37-52
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• 2012

This research has set up the fire fighting general index for Fire fighting of Crowded Wooden Building Cultural Asset which is composed of traditional wooden building instinct or complex. The results of this study are as follows. First, Fire fighting general index for crowded wooden building cultural asset, it is necessary to set fire fighting priority by considering fire risk and cultural asset characteristic and establish the system to cope with fire disaster in the most effective way by arranging facilities with restricted resource. Second, Fire risk is the index to draw fire and spread risk of cultural asset by applying index calculation processes such as fire load, burning velocity and ignition material spread characteristic to various aspects such as individual building and complex and combining their results. Cultural asset importance index consists of individual building evaluation, publicity security degree, area importance evaluation and historical landscape degree evaluation. Third, for each index combination process, weight of each index is drawn on the basis of AHP analysis result that is performed to the specialists of related fields. The formula to apply and combine it is prepared to apply the model to include meaning of each index and comparative importance degree.

• Journal of the Regional Association of Architectural Institute of Korea
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.63-70
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• 2018

This study is aimed to reflect the current status survey, analysis and response of 10 railway stations using geographical names in one of 19 stations located on Gyeongbu, Honam and Chungbuk line. Most railway stations in the study have shown normal images that are close to the standard type by selecting similar building materials rather than reflecting geographical features. Aside from the shape of the traditional Korean house in Cheongju, almost all newly constructed stations tend to incorporate light gray plating material on their modern exterior to produce Family look design as a railroad station. According to a survey of the sensitivity of the station's name, Osong Station was 73.6 percent, Gyeryong Station 67.3 percent, Heukseok-ri Station was 64.5 percent, Shintan-jin 62.6 percent, and Yeonsan Station 57 percent, more than half. Therefore, the results of the five stations were presented as a calculation and proposed design release focusing on the facades of each station. Each of these stations suggested a way to express the facade design image, considering the railway operation status of Korea Railroad, the area of the station and other surroundings.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.7-20
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• 2023

The construction method of scaffolding structures is different from Mortise and Tenon and bucket arch structure of traditional large woodwork. It forms an independent construction system-fixing nodes with knots, a large number of diagonal braces are used to fix shelves and the structures mostly contain X-shape and triangular shape details. Simple ones include stalls, sheds, rain sheds, altars, lamp racks etc. But the scaffolding with larger scale and more complicated structure are modeled on archways, theatres and other buildings which are used in commercial and festival activities. At present, Macao, Hong Kong, Guangdong, Sichuan, Shanxi and other places in China have retained the custom of using scaffolding structures in important festival activities, but their uses, techniques and building types are slightly different from place to place. Due to building and demolishing at any time, the construction and service cycle is short. As a result, there are almost no physical objects left. We can only deduce the use and technical characteristics of ancient scaffolding skills through the colorful building styles that have been preserved with folk activities in various parts of China, the craftsmanship handed down from generation to generation by the scaffolding guild and artisans, and the description of cultural and historical materials and the mutual corroboration of visual materials.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.374-387
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• 2009

Gerrit Rietveld who is Dutch architect and furniture designer had explored the plastic abstractness based on the universality of De Stijl principle. He had tried to expand the boundary of furniture design bound to traditional form and decorative aesthetics. Beginning of 20th century, he opened the new aesthetic realm of pure and abstract value for furniture design for the first time. Through this research, the results can be summarized as follows. The characteristics of his deign are abstractness, spatial consideration and tectonic construction. The abstractness is attained by simplifying constructional material into geometrical forms such as straight line, rectangle and square. And he adopted unconventional way of construction in order to increase this abstractness. The space included in his furniture can be expressed in the new technology of joint, the visual transparency using linear material, and the destruction of corners. All these aspects harmoniously helped the feeling of architectural space of flow. Through the exposed frame of furniture, Rietveld emphasized on the tectonic construction by methodological treatment such as piling-up or overlapping material. The characteristics of Gerrit Rietveld's design are abstract, spatial and tectonic. These aesthetical tendencies could be understood as a junction between De Stijl's principles and modern architecture's spatial preferences-flow and extension of space-.

• Archives of design research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.197-207
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• 2001

A designed object reveals its meaning and image through form, color and material. Among these three elements, material has more powerful influence with its tactile and visual characteristics. In Korea, traditionally materials itself were mainly used to design artifacts rather than various color or formal decoration. The purpose of this study is to investigate the Korean traditional materials, and to classify them by the characteristics of their texture. For this study, the pictures of Korean traditional artifacts were collected from the national museums and literature. Those are architectural and interior elements, furniture, cloths and textiles, arts and crafts. Total of 533 collected artifacts were classified into seven categories, metal, day, stone, paper, wood, straw, fabric things. : 59 metal things, 115 clay things, 62 stone things, 73 paper things, 80 wood things, 47 straw things, 97 fabric things. Each materials were classified into its forming methods and surface treatment focused on the he characteristics of their surface texture. Throughout this study, the uniqueness of forming method and surface treatment of each materials in Korea has been clarified. And furthermore the classification by this various traditional methods of materials will provide plentiful information and ideas to today's designers of the world.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.161-169
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• 2018

Korea's traditional hanok houses are roughly divided into tiled-roofed, thatched-roofed, shingle-roofed, and oak bark-roofed houses according to their materials. In thatched-roof houses, there are various styles according to regional characteristics regarding building materials, slope, shape, and tying method. Unfortunately, as the number of thatched-roof houses have been rapidly decreasing since industrialization, it is difficult to find these characteristics of traditional houses. The study revealed that there was a roofing material a higher percentage of houses with thatched roofs than houses with tiled roofs. Furthermore, the plane occupies a large number of left and right protruding types and layered types, and there is no partition wall between Jeongji and maru. In addition, the opening in the front has characteristics of the Northern region that is responsible for lighting and ventilation, not for access. In the case of thatched-roof houses in Goseong Wanggok Village, the field survey suggests that a high percentage of buildings can recover their original characteristics.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.331-345
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• 2020

The multi-story timber structure with high platform base is one of the important architectural types in the traditional Chinese buildings. To study the dynamic characteristics and seismic responses on this kind of traditional structure, the 3-D finite element models of Xi'an drum tower which included the high platform base, upper timber structure and whole structure was established considering the structural form and material performance parameters of the structure in this study. By the modal analysis, the main frequencies and mode shapes of this kind of traditional building were obtained and investigated. The three kinds of earthquake excitations included El-Centro wave, Taft wave and Lanzhou wave were separately imposed on the upper timber structure model and the overall structure model, and the seismic responses on the tops of columns were analyzed. The results of time history analysis show that the seismic response of the upper timber structure is obviously amplified by high platform base. After considering the effect of high platform base, the mean value on the lateral displacement increments of the top column in the overall structure is more than 20.478% and the increase of dynamic coefficients was all above 0.818 under the above three different earthquake excitations. Obviously, it shows that the existence of high platform base has a negative influence on the seismic responses of upper timber structure. And the high platform base will directly affect the safety of the upper timber structure. Therefore, the influence of high platform base on the dynamic response of its upper timber structure cannot be neglected.