• 경영과학
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.79-90
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• 2012

Focusing on the rapid market penetration of smart phones, the importance of LBS (Location Based Service) is drastically increased. However, traditional GPS method has critical weakness caused by limited availability, such as indoor environment. WPS is newly attractive method as a widely applicable positioning method. In WPS, RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) data of all Wi-Fi APs (Access Point) are measured and stored into a huge database. The stored RSSI data in database make single radio fingerprint map. By the radio fingerprint map, we can estimate the actual position of target point. The essential factor of radio fingerprint database is data integrity of RSSI. Because of millions of APs in urban area, RSSI measurement data are seriously contaminated. Therefore, we present the unified filtering method for RSSI measurement data. As the results of filtering, we can show the effectiveness of suggested method in practical positioning system of mobile operator.

• 대한간호
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• 제20권3호통권111호
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• pp.49-57
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• 1981

Current population trends, marked by an increasing accumulation of old members, must be followed by major adjustment in socioeconomic planning since our traditional family structure has been changing as a result of scientific and sociologic advances. Welf

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2006

Welwyn Garden City benefits from the greater design cohesion and management of development which gave it a more distinctive 'brand image' almost from the outset than its older garden city(Letchworth, Hampstead). Its planner, Louis de Soissons, brought a more obvious sense of traditional formal urbanism to the design of the second garden city. This was rather different to the distinctive but rather more informal arts and crafts approach of Raymond Unwin. Here it attempts to analyze how they greatly and firmly established the concept of Housing Group in the residential design, and what similar elements between Unwin and de Soissons in the New Town planning. It is pointed out that the Housing Group theory is composed of recognizing urban life as totality, and group planning theory, and that they definitely originated a new technique in the residential area. It is analyzed that the syntactic relations between the group planning theory and enclosed housing cluster designs in the English garden city are epitomized in Welwyn Garden City.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제13권21호
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• pp.29-41
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• 1990

An assessment of risk in industrial and urban environments is essential in the prevention of accident and in the analysis of situations which are hazardous to public health and safety. The risk imposed by a particular hazard increases with the likelihood of occurence of the event, the exposure and the possible consequence of that event. In a traditional approach, the calculation of a quantitative value of risk is usually based on an assignment of numerical values of each of the risk factors. Then the product of the values of likelihood, exposure and consequences called risk score is derived. However vagueness and imprecision in mathematical quantification of risk are equated with fuzziness rather than randomness. In this paper, a fuzzy set theoretic approach to risk analysis is proposed as an alternative to the techniques currently used in the area of systems safety. Then the concept of risk evaluation using linguistic representation of the likelihood, exposure and consequences is introduced. A risk assessment model using approximate reasoning technique based on fuzzy logic is presented to drive fuzzy values of risk and numerical example for risk analysis is also presented to illustrate the results.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2019

Citic Tower is the first over-500 m-tall super highrise building in the world, located in the high seismic intensity area with paek ground acceleration over 0.2g in 475 years. This project is unique in its complexity, large volume, and challenging site conditions (zero site for construction). The traditional techniques can hardly meet safty, quality and schedule requirements of the construction. This article introduces the key construction technologies that are innovatively developed and applied in Citic Tower project construction, including intelligent super-high-rise building integrated construction platform system, independently developed by the CCTEB; Jump-Lift Elevator, which is the first of the kind with service height over 500 meters; combined temporary-and-permanent fire protection systems. The BIM technology is also applied in this project. Through technical innovation, and utilization of technologies, construction speed and safety had been greatly improved.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2018

Copper pollution around the world has caused serious public health problems recently. The heavy metal adsorption on traditional membranes from wastewater is limited by material properties. Different adsorptive materials are embedded in the membrane matrix and act as the adsorbent for the heavy metal. The carbonized leaf powder has been proven as an effective adsorbent material in removing aqueous Cu(II) because of its relative high specific surface area and inherent beneficial groups such as amine, carboxyl and phosphate after carbonization process. Factors affecting the adsorption of Cu(II) include: adsorbent dosage, initial Cu(II) concentration, solution pH, temperature and duration. The kinetics data fit well with the pseudo-first order kinetics and the pseudo-second order kinetics model. The thermodynamic behavior reveals the endothermic and spontaneous nature of the adsorption. The adsorption isotherm curve fits Sips model well, and the adsorption capacity was determined at 61.77 mg/g. Based on D-R model, the adsorption was predominated by the form of physical adsorption under lower temperatures, while the increased temperature motivated the form of chemical adsorption such as ion-exchange reaction. According to the analysis towards the mechanism, the chemical adsorption process occurs mainly among amine, carbonate, phosphate and copper ions or other surface adsorption. This hypothesis is confirmed by FT-IR test and XRD spectra as well as the predicted parameters calculated based on D-R model.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.116-122
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• 2016

Purpose: This study compared the effects of two six-week school-based intervention programs - a health promotion program using a school forest and a traditional school health promotion program (TSHPP) - on physical and mental health among elementary school students. Methods: A total of 73 students participated in the study: 21 students in the 6-week school forest program conducted in a rural area and 52 students in the 6-week TSHPP conducted in an urban area. Children's health promotion behavior, depression and hyperactivity were measured using a self-report questionnaire. To assess children's physical health, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, and heart rate variability (HRV) were used. Results: Overall, both intervention programs improved participants' physical and mental health. Both programs significantly decreased the body fat percentage; this effect was more prominent in the TSHPP group. Only the TSHPP significantly decreased the participants' BMI after the intervention. The school forest group showed significantly improved relaxation and diminished hyperactivity; the TSHPP group showed significantly improved health promoting behavior and social relationship after the intervention. Comparing the two groups'post-pre difference scores, the two groups significantly differed only in social relationship. Both group showed significantly improved depression after the intervention. Conclusion: These findings support the effectiveness of these 6-week school-based health promotion programs in improving physical and mental health among school-aged children.

• 농촌계획
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.113-127
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• 2018

This study comprehends that the landscape of Ipsan Village is the accumulated output of the landscape management and social behavior by the historic personages through the reference research and field surveys. And the study sorted out the over-layered landscape characteristics of Ipsan Village by analyzing the dispersed landscape elements as follows. First, right before the start of Japanese invasions to Korea(1592-98), Tamjin(耽津) An(安) Family moved into Ipsan and started establishing the a single clan village. At a site with mountain background and facing the water(背山臨水), the village used to be a typical farming one with an organically planned road-system and housing area following the traditional order. However, the landscape has changed drastically since the 20th century with the construction of banks, roads and readjustment of arable land etc. Second, the original landscape, which can be figured out through the 'Gosanjaesibyukgyeong(高山齋十六景)' in the 18th century, shows its harmony with natural landscape: mountain & valley, stream & field, traditional trees, etc, cultural landscape: village, well, spring, etc, and momentary landscape: seasons, time, weather phenomena, sound, behavior, etc. Third, based on the second, 16 natural landscape elements: mountain & stream, planting, etc. and 25 cultural landscape elements: housing spaces, self-cultivation & ceremony spaces, community spaces and modern education & enlightenment spaces were selected and interpreted as landscaping meanings. Fourth, the over-layered landscape which stems from the compositive functions and inter-connectivity of landscape elements which consists Ipsan Village is regarded as 'Natural geographical and Fungsu landscape', 'Rural production and livelihood landscape', 'Confucian ceremony and symbolic landscape' and 'Modern education and enlightenment landscape.'

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.3-11
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• 2015

산업 및 사회발전의 고도화를 통해 국내 도시는 주택 및 각종 시설이 개선된 반면, 농촌은 그에 크게 미치지 못하고 있다. 또한, 주민의 고령화로 인한 유지보수를 적기에 실시 못하는 문제나, 경제적으로 어려운 상황 속에서 제대로 된 공법, 기술, 재료를 이용한 개축 등을 하는 것을 기대할 수 없는 실정이다. 본 연구는 농촌주민의 고령화 및 농촌주거의 노후화에 따른 문제점에 대한 현황조사를 통해 지역실정에 적합한 농촌주거의 재생방안을 모색하였다. 그 결과, 주거양식은 한국의 전통가옥양식이 절반가량을 차지하고 있었으며, 서구식 주거양식의 농촌주택에 비해 상대적으로 주거수준이 열악한 것으로 나타났다. 구조형식은 순수구조와 복합구조가 각기 절반씩을 차지하고 있었으며, 그 중에서 한국의 전통가옥양식은 순수구조보다는 복합구조가 많았다. 이는 본래의 모습으로는 내구성능, 거주자의 용도 등의 기능을 충족시킬 수 없기 때문에 거주자에 의해 지속적인 변화가 계속되었기 때문인 것으로 사료된다. 이러한 문제점에 대해 농촌지역의 특성에 알맞는 농촌주거 개선이 필요하다.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.200-213
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• 2014

독일 루르지역은 1850년대부터 현지에서 채굴되는 석탄과 주변지역에서 생산되는 철광석을 기반으로 제철공업이 크게 발전하였다. 그러나 1950년대부터 루르지역의 제철공업이 경쟁력을 잃게 되었고, 석탄광업과 제철공업이 사양화되면서 조업중단과 공장폐쇄가 이어졌다. 루르지역의 탈공업화현상은 1970년대 및 1980년대에 최고조에 달했고, 1990년대 이후에는 공장폐쇄로 도시경제가 피폐해지고 사회간접자본의 노후화와 방치된 공장지구 등으로 도시경관과 환경오염이 심각하였다. 루르지역의 대표적인 도시 중 하나인 도르트문트시는 2000년부터 도르트문트 프로젝트라고 하는 도시재생사업으로 도시경제를 재건하고, 도시경관을 개선하여 도시경제구조를 쇄신하는 성공적인 모델을 제시하고 있다. 이 논문은 경로이론(Path Theory)에 입각하여 도르트문트의 도시재생사업을 조사, 연구하여 이론적, 정책적 시사점을 도출하고자 한다.