• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.42-54
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• 2019

The solar and wind power is spreading as a means to $CO_2$ reduction, but it has the characteristics of the volatility depending on the weather changes. This article aims to estimate the additional integration costs in Korea electric system in response to such volatility of increasing solar and wind power generation, using Korea electric power trading analyzer(KEPTA). The analysis utilizes the statistics of "8th Basic Plan for Long-term Electricity Supply and Demand" and "Renewable Energy Plan 3020". As the results, integration costs will be estimated 13.94Won/kWh~32.55Won/kWh, consisting of 8.94Won/kWh as back-up costs, 1.03Won/kWh~4.45Won/kWh as balancing costs, and 3.97Won/kWh~19.16Won/kWh as grid-costs. These results suggest that when the integration costs are secured, Korea electric system will be expected in the stable situation. This article leaves the further studies with taking the technological development of solar and wind power generation, the introduction of energy storage system, and wholesale price of electricity into consideration.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.29-40
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• 2016

Since the late 20th century, there has been much effort to improve the market value of media contents which are commercialized in a digital format, by fusing digital data of video, audio, numerals, characters with IT technology together. Then by what criteria and methodologies could the market value for the drama "Sons of the Sun" or the animated film 'Frozen', often referred to in the meida, be estimated? In the circumstances there has been little or no research on the valuation framework of media contents and the status of their valuation system development to date, we propose a practical valuation models for various purposes such as contents trading, review of investment adequacy, etc., by formalizing and presenting a contents valuation framework for the four types of media of movies, online games, and broadcasting commercials, and animations. Therefore, we develope computational methods of cash flows which includes production cost by media content types, provide reference databases associated with key variables of valuation (economic life cycle, discount rates, contents contribution and royalty rates), and finally propose the valuation framework of media contents based on both income approach and relief-from-royalty method which has been applied to valuation of intangible assets so far.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.1278-1295
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• 2014

The Sixteenth Meeting of the Conferences of Parties of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), which was held in March 2013 in Bangkok, Thailand, listed five shark species and one genus, and uplisted one sawfish species. All new species listings will be come into force of the eighteen months delay, on the fourteenth of September, 2014. The purpose of the delay is to support the preparation of the domestic measures on shark trade by the parties, as there has been no previous experience in trading the commercially exploited aquatic species in the CITES. The CITES Secretary-General has visited several potential shark trade countries to encourage and facilitate the implementation of the new CITES listings. The newly listed sharks have been caught as a target or non-target species by Korean distant water fisheries and introduced into Korea. So the establishment or change of the domestic laws, regulations, and measures for the implementation of the new CITES species must be prepared before the effective entry date. This paper is prepared to assess the effects of the trade of the CITES listed shark species, and to suggest effective government service measures for the management of Korean distant water fisheries. The Ministry of Environment (MOE) is the general Management Authority of the CITES, and the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) is in charge of the medical trade of CITES listed species in Korea. By law, all imported medicines and medical materials must be inspected by the MFDS during the customs examination; this kind of authority sharing is reasonable and effective way of providing government service. Similarly, the designation of new CITES Management Authority for the trade of commercially exploited aquatic CITES species is critical and the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (MOF), which is now in charge of the trade of fisheries products, is the most appropriate governing body for this purpose in Korea. The revision of the National Plan of Action for Conservation and Management of Sharks, initially submitted to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations in 2011 as a practical guideline for shark conservation in all Korean fisheries, could be a effective measure to achieve unification of conservation of endangered species and sustainable use of fisheries stocks. The proper CITES measures for the trade of listed species, such as the establishment of the documenting system for Non-detriment Findings, domestic measures suitable for the "Introduction from the Sea" clause, species specific Harmonized System Codes for the customs service, and an effective shark catch data reporting system should be in place prior to the fourteenth of September 2014.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.851-858
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• 2021

Due to the increase in renewable energy and distributed resources, not only traditional data but also various energy-related data are being generated in the new energy industry. In other words, there are various renewable energy facilities and power generation data, system operation data, metering and rate-related data, as well as weather and energy efficiency data necessary for new services and analysis. Energy big data processing technology can systematically analyze and diagnose data generated in the first half of the power production and consumption infrastructure, including distributed resources, systems, and AMI. Through this, it will be a technology that supports the creation of new businesses in convergence between the ICT industry and the energy industry. To this end, research on the data analysis system, such as itemized characteristic analysis of the collected data, correlation sampling, categorization of each feature, and element definition, is needed. In addition, research on data purification technology for data loss and abnormal state processing should be conducted. In addition, it is necessary to develop and structure NIFI, Spark, and HDFS systems so that energy data can be stored and managed in real time. In this study, the overall energy data processing technology and system for various power transactions as described above were proposed.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.819-831
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• 2019

The types of properties traded in modern times are rapidly increasing due to changes in consumption patterns. However, as the type of properties traded increases, estimation about the value of properties may become inaccurate. There is a problem that it is difficult for consumers to estimate the right value and the variety of trading forms makes it difficult to guarantee the reliability of value estimation As access to a variety of properties has expanded, these shortcomings are considered to be a factor that hinders the stability of the shared economic market. In this paper, to resolve this issue, we present a blockchain-based property contract service through a trusted broker. The developed service registers trusted brokers into smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain and use them for the evaluation and contract process of properties. In addition, registered contents, proposals and contracts of properties are stored in the blockchain to ensure the reliability of the contract process. Every step of the contract process is stored in the smart contract, recorded in the transaction history of the blockchain, ensuring the reliability of the stored data. In addition, the entire process of registration, proposal, and contract is driven by smart contracts designed by state machine technology, enabling users to more securely control the contract process.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.93-106
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• 2020

Trade is an important economic activity. In particular, since the establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO), the scope of trade has been expanding due to events such as the entry of China into the WTO in 2001, the establishment of a multilateral trading system, mitigation and integration of trade barriers, and the establishment of the free trade agreement (FTA). Despite the expansion of the trade market, however, extreme events such as the 2008 global financial crisis, the 2016 Brexit, and the 2018 US-China trade war have had a direct negative impact on the trade market. Therefore, the present this study analyzed the dependence structure between the international shipping freight rate index, a variable representing trade activities, and the trade uncertainty between the US and China. The following is a summary of the analysis results. First, the US-Chinese trade policy uncertainty and international shipping freight rate index presented a Frank copula and rotated Clayton copula 270° distribution, respectively, showing the same distribution structure for each country. Second, the Kendall's tau correlation revealed a negative dependence between the international shipping freight rate index and US-Chinese trade policy uncertainty. The degree of dependence was greater in the combination of uncertainty in China's trade policy and international shipping freight rates. In other words, the dependence of global demand and trade policy uncertainty confirmed that China was stronger than the US. Finally, the tail dependence results revealed that the US-Chinese trade policy uncertainty and international shipping freight rates were independent of each other. This means that extreme events related to the trade policy uncertainty or international shipping rate index were not affected by each other.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.427-447
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• 2011

In global, there is an active movement to reduce the green house gas. Allowance and carbon tax are the one of effective alternatives to mitigate green gas effect. In addition, the clean development machinism(CDM) can be applied between the ANNEX 1 and developing countries. It could be an one good solution to reduce the GHG. In the Northern Asia, the CDM can be the one of the possible solution to reduce the GHG because the Japan has a responsibility to reduce GHG and the China and Korea have a room to supply CDM credit. It is suffice to say that if these three countries decide to collaborate, the new international carbon market can be established that can be the similar form of EU-ETS. It is clear that few barriers must be removed to launched such new form of carbon market. Protection of domestic technology, excessive financial request of business opportunities by CDM, and irrational needs of carbon credit that created by CDM, listed constraints define as an one single word, the national selfishness. Once it is cleared, there is high possibility that the Northern Asia CDM trading system can be launched.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1475-1487
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• 2018

To verify remitter's identity when the remitter transfers money to a recipient using an electronic financial service provided by the financial institution, the remitter inputs the information; such as the withdrawal account number, the withdrawal amount, the password pre-registered with the financial company, or the information from authenticating medium that is previously distributed by the financial institution. However, the 1-Way transaction between the financial institution and the remitter is exposed to a great risk of accidents such as an anomaly remittance or a voice phishing fraud. Therefore, in this study, we propose a 2-WAY trade verification model for electronic financial transaction that can be mutually agreed by allowing the recipient to share the transaction information with the remitter and the financial company. We have improved the traditional electronic financial transaction's method by replacing it to 2-WAY trade method, and it is used for various purposes; such as preventing an error within the remittance or voice phishing fraud, enhancing loan transaction and contract transaction, etc. Through these variety of applications, we are expecting to reduce the inconveniences while improving the convenience of financial transaction and vitalizing the P2P transaction of financial institution.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.133-139
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• 2019

A Convergence Research Study of Southern Fujian Region in China during the Song Dynasty analyzing the Export of Ceramics During the Song Dynasty in China ceramics made in the Southern Fujian (also known as Minnan) region were exported to different countries in Southeast Asia including the Philippines, Thailand and more. They were even exported to Korea, Japan and through trade they traveled as far as Africa. Ceramics was one of the three main sea route export item of China at the time and there were active commercial trading between Korea as well as other countries, enabling ceramics to develop rapidly. The harmonious reciprocal relationship between the geographical, political, cultural, economical characteristics of Southern Fujian enabled a unique type of celadon ware widely recognized to develop. Ceramics of this region is one of a kind in terms of history when we relate it to research on integrating different elements. It suggests a unique convergence of culture when we study its forms and its industrial characteristics. The study attempts to analyze the influence of geography, politics, economy and culture on the different phenomena found in ceramics. Different paradigms associated with changes of environment reflect on continued development in the field of ceramics.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.179-187
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• 2014

The global warming caused by GHG has emerged as a global environmental problem. For this reason the continued efforts to reduce GHG emission by international cooperation and each country are in progress. This study was performed for a successful accomplishment of Korea's ETS aims in 2015, that is to reduce GHG emission, maintain competitiveness of the domestic industries and to reinforce competitiveness of the environmental management of domestic companies through comparing analysis research of major overseas ETSs with main features of Korea's ETS and the analysis of semiconductor industry. In this study, the cases of already being implemented ETS countries such as the European Union, the United States and New Zealand etc. have been investigated by comparing to Korea's ETS. We also suggested the detailed political proposals to stabilize the introduction of Korea's ETS at the enterprise level.