• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.10-14
• /
• 2002

1986년부터 1994년까지 진행된 우루과이라운드 협상의 결과로 1995년에 WTO(World Trade Organization：세계무역기구)가 설립되었다. 2001년 총 140여 개 국을 두고, 세계 무역의 총 90%를 차지하는 WTO의 출범으로 세계 경제는 무한 경쟁 시대를 맞이하게 되었으며 특히, 건설 분야에서는 대형 외국 건설 기업들이 후진국 건설 과제의 확보를 위하여 WTO에서 작성한 '건설자유경쟁사항'을 제시하였다. 또한 현재 각 국가별 공업 규격을 조정ㆍ통일하고, 물자와 서비스의 국제적 교류를 유도하며, 지적, 과학적, 경제적 활동 분야에서 세계 상호간의 협력을 증진하는 ISO(International Standardizing Organization)규정에 의해 많은 나라들은 자국의 이익을 보존하며, 나아가 국가간의 경쟁에서 낙오되지 않기 위한 발빠른 대응책을 마련하고 있는 실정이다. 일례로 유럽 국가들은 그 지역에 적합한 건설 시방서를 작성하기 시작하여 최근에는 EC2(European Code 2)를 출판한 실정이고, 아시아에서는 ACMC(Asian Concrete Model Code：아시아 콘크리트 모델 시방서)를 1990년도 초반부터 연구 작성하기 시작하였다.(중략)

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.38 no.12
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study is to identify the change according to income bracket and the trade-off between expenditure items by analyzing expenditure patterns of the urban households as a reset of the IMF. The results of this study are as follows; The composition percentage and the amount of consumption expenditure of urban households after IMF decrease in all classes. But the change of composition percentage by the decrease of consumption expenditure is different in every class. The percentage of decrease of the upper class is higher than that of the lower class in an essential expenditure of household, which is food. And the percentage of decrease of the lower class is higher than that of the higher class in the discretionary expenditures such as clothes and education.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.428-439
• /
• 2011

The main challenge in building efficient broadcast systems is to encrypt messages with short ciphertexts. In this paper, we present a new construction based on the identity. Our construction contains the desirable features, such as constant size ciphertexts and private keys, short public keys and not fixing the total number of possible users in the setup. In addition, the proposed scheme achieves the full security which is stronger than the selective-identity security. Furthermore we show that the proof of security does not rely on the random oracles. To the best our knowledge, it is the first efficient scheme that is full security and achieves constant size ciphertexts and private keys which solve the trade-off between the ciphertext size and the private key size.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.35-39
• /
• 2018

This paper deals with the relaxation of singular stresses developed in an epoxy adhesive at high temperature. The interface stresses are analyzed using BEM. The adhesive employed in this study is an epoxy which can be cured at room temperature. The adhesive is assumed to be linearly viscoelastic. First, the distribution of the interface stresses developed in the adhesive layer under the uniform tensile stress has been calculated. The singular stress has been observed near the interface corner. Such singular stresses near the interface corner may cause epoxy layer separated from adherent. Second, the interfacial thermal stress has been investigated. The uniform temperature rise can relieve the stress level developed in the adhesive layer under the external loading, which can be viewed as an advantage of thermal loading. It is also obvious that temperature rise reduces the bonding strength of the adhesive layer. Experimental evaluation is required to assess a trade-off between the advantageous and deleterious effects of temperature.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.181-187
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine empirically the short- and long-run determinants of entrepreneurial activity in a sample of 15 the Middle East and North African economies between 2006 and 2018. More specifically, four groups of determinants are considered in the analysis, namely economic, demographic, business environment, and institutional. Given the autoregressive feature of the entrepreneurial activity process, a dynamic panel data model is estimated using the system GMM estimator. Findings reveal that unemployment, trade openness, population density, and economic freedom are the main drivers of new business creation in the short-run, while the cost and number of procedures to start a new business negatively affect entrepreneurship. In the long-run, the same findings hold true. Moreover, education and political stability and the absence of violence/terrorism positively affect entrepreneurial activity. Policy recommendations are accordingly designed.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.22 no.10
• /
• pp.201-206
• /
• 2022

The main purpose of the study is to analyze the features of innovation and project management in the system of improving the performance of personnel as a factor in ensuring competitiveness and investment security. For the successful operation of enterprises, regardless of their form of ownership and field of activity, in order to carry out effective activities, they turn to innovative methods related to the formation of the potential of the workforce, and increasing the level of education and qualifications of staff and establishing their potential ability to make independent decisions. Based on the results of the study, the key features of innovation and project management in the system of improving the performance of personnel as a factor in ensuring competitiveness and investment security are characterized.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.22 no.11
• /
• pp.192-198
• /
• 2022

The article is devoted to current problems of the concept leadership. The essence of the concept of "leadership" is considered and leadership theories. The authors of the article conducted a multifaceted analysis of leadership theories, analyzed the factors of their formation and identified their relationship. Also, the reasons for the difference and connection between leadership and leadership. Styles were presented leadership and their role in building effective leadership. To form the basis of effective leadership was compared to the main criteria inherent in this theories. The following research methods were used in the work: theoretical (analysis of regulatory documents and scientific literature on the problem under study, comparison, generalization, modeling), empirical (diagnostics of the level of formation of managerial competencies of students of the system, questioning, observation, peer review, comparative qualitative and quantitative analysis of diagnostic results the level of formation of managerial competencies).

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2007.03a
• /
• pp.490-497
• /
• 2007

Since the foreign currency crisis, Korean economy has suffered recession and the government launches residence and real estate policy in order to increase the demand and trade of real estate and to help the economy revitalization. 1 As a result, the rate of economy growth is shown the high increase with the figure of 10.9% in 1999 and 8.8% in 2000. However, it brings overheating market as a negative effect. Although, the government established the policy for the control of speculation, the policy causes instability of economy. This study is to analyze the effect between the residence policy and the housing cost since the foreign currency crisis through housing sale price estimation and housing lease price estimation and is to apply the basis data of the next residence policy.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.155-176
• /
• 2023

This paper employs datasets from the Enterprise Survey conducted by the World Bank to examine the relationship between four types of innovation defined by the Oslo Manual (OECD, 2005): product innovation, process innovation, marketing innovation, organization innovation, and the firm performance in the selected developing ASEAN economies. The main objective of this paper is to understand the characteristics of innovation activities at the firm level and how various innovation types affect firm performance. The empirical results from ASEAN manufacturing firms reveal that product innovation positively affects firms' performance, while non-technological innovations are negatively related to the performance of firms. The further employed quantile regression provides more insights into the roles of innovation types on different levels of firm performance: while product and process innovations actively contribute to the small and medium-size firms (below 25^th quantile and median), organizational and marketing innovations negatively affect them. Interestingly, the role of process innovation decreases when firm performance grows.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.11 no.9
• /
• pp.3538-3547
• /
• 2010

As Telepresence has emerged as a key collaboration tool for supporting trade business, the need for using Telepresence has also been increased in the foreign countries. In this context, we has studied an exploratory research to analyze how staffs-in-charges of trade support authority, exhibition & convention center and SME(Small and Medium-Size Enterprise) perceive the general concept of Telepresence, the necessity, feasibility, business values and expected problems of Telepresence's adoption and use. The finding indicated that there seemed to be significant differences between the necessity and the feasibility of Telepresence adoption and use. In addition, they were anticipating some problems when building Telepresence. Major reasons are incompatibility between Telepresence systems, lack of usability and difficulties of fixing a rental fee. The results of the perception analysis also showed that Telepresence would positively influence on creating business value. The analysis revealed that the core factors of the successful adoption and use of Telepresence are stable network environment, awareness and accessability, and education and promotion. Through the perception analysis, I came up with the core factors to implement Telepresence successfully and use it properly. And the fact that I presented the guideline to build Telepresence for SME makes this study meaningful.