• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제11C권5호
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• pp.577-584
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• 2004

본 연구는 통합적 관점에서 전자상거래보안 분야를 전자무역 분야에 체계적으로 접목하여 솔루션을 제시하였다. 전자무역보안에 적용할 수 있는 통합적 관점에서 3가지 정보보안 공격에 대하여 중점적으로 연구하였다. 첫째, 시스템공격, 둘째, 데이터공격, 셋째, 비즈니스공격에 대한 해결책을 중심으로 그 대응방법을 연구하였다. 각각의 해결책에 대하여 다음과 같이 해 볼 수 있다. 전자무역에 관련된 당사자들은 시스템공격, 데이터공격, 비즈니스공격에 대응하기해서 정부측면에서의 전자무역보안에 대한 정책적 관리와 보안인프라의 구축이 요망되고, 기업차원에서는 보안의식 강화와 정보보호장치 즉, 방화벽, 침입탐지시스템(IDS), 공개키기반구조(PKI), 가설사설망(VPN), 안티바이러스제품, 암호화, 생체인식기술 등의 활용 또는 정보보호전문업체를 통한 아웃소싱을 이용한 전자무역보안의 수단을 강구해야 된다. 결론적으로 전자무역기업은 적절한 보안시스템의 도입과 더불어 관리자들의 최근 해킹기술발전에 대하여 신속히 대처하려는 노력이 무엇 보다 중요하다. 전자무역 분야에도 다양한 보안솔루션과 보안인식의 제고가 강조된다.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.25-39
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• 2013

본 연구는 광주와 주요 교역대상국인 미국, 일본, 중국 간 산업내무역을 분석하였다. 산업내무역 분석은 먼저 수평적 산업내무역과 수직적 산업내무역으로 나누고 다시 수직적 산업내무역 중에서 임계치를 0.25로 선정하여 저품질 수직적 산업내무역과 고품질 수직적 산업내무역을 하는 제품으로 나누어 살펴보았다. 광주는 중국과 저품질 수직적 산업내무역을 하는 제품이 거의 없으며 일부 품목에서는 수평적 산업내무역을 하고 있는 것으로 나타나 광주가 중국에 고품질의 제품을 많이 수출하고 저품질 제품을 수입하고 있다는 것을 알 수 있다. 반면 일본 또는 미국과는 주로 저품질 산업내무역을 하고 있어 저품질 제품을 수출하고 고품질 제품을 수입하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 중국과는 다르게 고품질 수직적 산업내무역도 하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 분석결과에 따라, 수출마케팅 방안으로는 고부가치형 수출체제로의 전환, 성숙단계별 차별화 전략, 현지진출 네트워크 구축, 지역 내 중소기업의 네트워크 구축, 무역전시회에 대한 정부의 지원, 지방 중소기업에 대한 특화 프로그램을 제시하였다.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제53권7호
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• pp.414-419
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• 2004

In TWBP new uncertainty will be increased. Risk management is risen to a important problem. Vesting contract makes market Players trade at fixed price in TWBP early stages. In the case of advanced country, market players manage risk with a future contract. When a risk management method moves from vesting contract to future contract, it may have to use together two contracts for schedule period. In this paper, risk management strategy that use vesting contract and forward contract at the same time is proposed.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2003

The Center for Transportation Research at the Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) supports the DOE by evaluating advanced automotive technologies in a systems context. ha has developed a unique set of compatible simulation tools and test equipment to perform an integrated systems analysis project from modeling through hardware testing and validation. This project utilized these capabilities to demonstrate the trade-off in fuel economy and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) emissions in a so-called ‘pre-transmission’ parallel hybrid powertrain. The powertrain configuration (in simulation and on the dynamometer) consists of a Compression Ignition Direct Ignition (CIDI) engine, a Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) and an electric drive motor coupled to the CVT input shaft. The trade-off is studied in a simulated environment using PSAT with different controllers (fuzzy logic and rule based) and engine models (neural network and steady state models developed from ANL data).

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.27-45
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• 2012

Among political scientists, Japan's free trade agreements (FTA) with member nations of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) has been considered to be a political tool that can compete against China for regional leadership in East Asia. However, this paper demonstrates that Japan's so-called FTA diplomacy towards ASEAN nations serves the broad interests of Japanese actors in both the political and economic sectors. Given the attention to Japanese domestic political issues, it is argued that diplomacy primarily facilitates a need for free trade with ASEAN and ASEAN markets for Japanese corporations to compete in the global economy and for the government to nurture Japan's stagnant economy by assisting these corporations. This work also contends that the unclear function of FTA as an economic good is due to the lack of the government capacity to effectively manage FTA diplomacy. This partly results from the conventional view with regard to Sino-Japanese rivalry.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제34권
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• pp.189-223
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• 2007

In Korea-U.S.A. FTA Negotiation, U.S.A. request to eliminate barriers of tariffs and non-tariff in trade of cosmetics. Korea applies tariffs of 8% on most cosmetics and personal care products. There are some non-tariffs barriers in cosmetics trade between Korea and U.S.A., for example, transparency on restriction and regulatory, cosmeceuticals, import clearance review, quality control testing, ingredient labelling. Tariffs of 8% on most cosmetics should be eliminated, a proviso of complementary measures on sanitation of Korean people about imported cosmetics. This is a meaning of reformation of prior management(tariffs) by strong ex post management in cosmetics trade. It is important that Korea should construct system of ex post management, for instance, construction of data base on manufacturer, importer, bland name of cosmetics and all ingredients of cosmetics. This is concerned with labelling of cosmetics and cosmeceutical and publication of Korean edition of INCI(International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredient).

• 통상정보연구
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.113-133
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• 2005

North Korea has stressed Information Technology in policy fostering science as Kim Jong-il has been interested in IT industry. In view of development of e-business in Northeast Asia, South Korea is to cooperate with North Korea. It is the time to look into the current situation, strategy and issues of IT in North Korea. Although North Korea is forced to select the development of IT Industry as growth engine, the problems in the IT Infrastructure are as follows:lack in communication infrastructure, lack in diversity of software, low level of hardware, limited use of internet. This paper deals with the IT Infrastructure of North Korea and IT and e-Commerce Cooperation, introduction of e-Trade between South and North Korea.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.121-135
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• 1991

Facing the international open-trade of agricultural and livestock products, a basic strategy is urgently necessary to improve the domestic livestock industry to an international level. Price and quality competitions are the most important target in international trade. Improvement in productivity of livestock is the most important factor in price competition. In recent trade of livestock products, quality competition becomes more important than price competition in livestock products, and will be severer in the future. Basic strategies for higher productivity and safety of livestock products are listed as follows ： 1. Protection from exotic diseases 2. Eradication of indigenous diseases 3. Development of new methods and techniques for control of animal diseases 4. Application of hygiene and management techniques 5. Safety evaluation of feedstuffs and animal drugs, and 6. Development of technique and regulations for prevention and monitoring of residue of harmful chemicals.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.174-196
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• 2021

Even though Sino-American relations of the Donald Trump era were perceived as predominately confrontational, with a symbolic trade war between the two, the scale of economic interdependencies between the United States and China results in either a need for collaboration or in serious losses on both sides in the case of lack of cooperation. The paper aims at analyzing economic relations between the United States of America and the People's Republic of China at the time of the Trump presidency. Analysis is based on the complex interdependence theory of Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye. The main hypothesis analyzed in the paper states: Asymmetric interdependence between the People's Republic of China and the United States of America limits the scope, intensity and length of a trade war. For the sake of the paper, economic interdependence will be analyzed. Apart from the reference to the state of the art, the document analysis and descriptive statistics are to be applied in the paper.

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.21-35
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• 2019

This study analyzes factors that affect the corporate value of Korean companies operating in Latin American countries. Primary factors are associated with characteristics of the host country, the parent company, and subsidiaries. Empirical results show that asset specificity is the main factor influencing firm value. This region is geographically far from Korea and culturally different. Therefore, the source of competitive advantage such as asset specificity should be large enough to offset liability of foreignness for successful entry into the region. This paper also found that joint ventures are more advantageous than direct investments. Joint ventures in Latin American can minimize risk, complement technology and information, and reduce trade barriers.