• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.787-799
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• 2004

The industrial community in a metropolis has played an essential role to keep business in a large city. This paper aims to analyze the realities of trade network among enterprises at Buksungro Tools Commercial Cooperative in Daegu. The urban style industrial community is found at Buksungro in Daegu. There are more than one hundred small-sized enterprises. Major trades among enterprises are occurred within and/or by the area. The long-term trade networks within the Buksungro Tools Commercial Cooperative have played the key role to maintain the industrial community. The trade relationship has depended on business networks based on social capital rather than commercial mechanism. The trade networks have been established through credit transactions as well as handling troublesome orders. The trade networks help to transfer technology and to learn the tacit knowledge among firms. The long-term trade networks are more influenced by the social accessibility than spatial accessibility.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.58-73
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• 2021

Purpose - In the context of economic globalization and the continuous development of international trade, as countries around the sea peninsula, port construction is particularly important. Based on the research on the influencing factors of port logistics development based on the allocation analysis, QCA (Qualitative Comparative Analysis) provides the basis for the planning and policy of port logistics development and has important theoretical value and practical significance for improving the level of port logistics management, reducing logistics operating costs and increasing economic benefits. In the tide of global integration for the development of port logistics, promote the growth of foreign trade economy of the city. It is also of great significance to the development and progress of commerce and trade. Design/methodology - Based on the relevant data samples of various ports in South Korea, this paper uses fsQCA (fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis) to integrate and analyze the influence mechanism of port logistics development and extracts five influencing factors of port logistics development, including the port's scale and infrastructure in the hard environment, port-neighboring enterprises in the soft environment, hinterland economy and government support. Findings - The five factors are unable to separately constitute the necessary and sufficient conditions of port logistics development, only a combined model can influence lake port logistics development. The scale and infrastructure of the port itself and port-neighboring ring enterprises are the main core conditions, which work together on the port, affect the throughput capacity of the port, and promote the development of port logistics. When the port-neighboring enterprises are not complete and the scale is low, the growth of port throughput will be restrained and the development of port logistics will be affected, whether the hinterland economic benefits are general, the development of port-neighboring enterprises is insufficient, or the government supports are limited. Originality/value - Through the research on the development of port logistics in South Korea from the perspective of configuration, this paper finds the configuration influence of hard environment and soft environment on the development of port logistics, which has important theoretical and practical significance for better promoting the development of port logistics in South Korea.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.23
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• pp.341-372
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• 2004

Since China was admitted to the World Trade Organization (WTO) on December 11, 2001, China has sped up its active participation in the competition of the world economy by lifting its trade and investment restrictions and limits. Its trading system is getting more and more free and its huge market with a population of 1.3 billion has been getting more and more open. With Chinas WTO accession, China has been honoring its commitments to its WTO members by complying with international business practices and WTO rules. For example, it will cut down its import tariffs for automobiles from the present 80% to 25% by 2006. Its financial sector and service industries are open to foreign investors now. As Chinas biggest business partner, Japan has benefited tremendously from Chinas open policies and deepening economic reform. In order to reduce the costs of production, a large number of enterprises from Japan have set up production bases in China since a Chinese workers wages accounts for only one tenth of those of a Japanese worker on the average. Japan has become one of Chinas biggest investors on a par with the United States of America (USA). How are the Japanese enterprises in Japan and in China adjusting themselves to the rapid changes of the Chinese market? What characteristics do the Japanese enterprises in China have? What effects has Chinas WTO accession had on those Japanese enterprises that have invested in China? This paper finds answers to the above questions. It at first reviews the Sino-Japanese economic and trade relations since 1980s, then analyses the situation and characteristics of Japanese-invested enterprises in China, and explores their problems in China. Finally it puts forward some suggestions for the Japanese enterprises in China.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.41-55
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• 2020

Purpose - This paper tries to analyze the factors affecting the utilization of electronic trade of small and medium enterprises and examine how these factors affect the performance of small and medium enterprises. In addition, the leading factors affecting the level of e-trade utilization of small businesses were analyzed by dividing them into external environmental factors affecting the external business and internal resources of the companies themselves Research design, data, and methodology - With a sample of 223 small and medium-sized export firms from South Korea, this study investigates the antecedents of the utilization level of e-Trade such as information exchange, innovation orientation, absorptive capacity and trust by hierarchical regression analysis. Results - The results show that innovation orientation was shown to have a positive effect on e-trade utilization and absorptive capacity has a positive effect on e-trade utilization. Also, information exchange with stakeholders has a positive impact on e-trade utilization. Conclusions - Internal and external factors of companies have a positive effect on the utilization of e-trade. It also showed that the increased utilization of electronic trade had a positive effect on trade performance. Thus, the findings provide policy-makers with implications of the importance of activating e-trade, and furthermore, significant implications for exporter performance.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.37-59
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• 2005

Trade between Korea and Quingdao, Sandongseung has been developed into Private Trade from the Tributary Trade of Silla. Today there are around 6,000 Korean Enterprises in Quingdao, being $22.5\%$ of total Quingdao trades and $60\%$ in the number of investments and monetary scale. Korea is in the first rank among Quingdao's trade parteners. Trade Dispute Settlement System, however, is still in poor condition. It should be improved for the activation of trade. The big solution is the Unification of Arbitration Procedure. For it, First, The staff of The Korean Commercial Arbitration Board should be dispatched to Quingdao Arbitration Commission. Second, there should be common arbitration rules between two institutes.(The Korean Commercial Arbitration Board and Quingdao Arbitration Commission). Third, a single arbitration panel should be made. Fourth, there should be the unification of methods in choosing the place of arbitration and arbitrators. Finally, a common arbitration institute should be installed.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.63
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• pp.245-260
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• 2014

This study is aimed to summarize a tense situation of Risk management for Kaesong Industrial Business Enterprise in 2013 and to investigate trade insurance of K-sure. Now we have to find a new way to protect Kaesong Industrial Business Enterprises from uncertain environment and also need to prevent a recurrence of parallel cases in the domain of South-North economic cooperation in Korean peninsula. There are two method to protect Kaesong Industrial Business Enterprises. First they rely on the Korea government for protection. Second they need to effect trade insurance of K-sure. such as Export Credit Guaranty or Short-term Export Insurance. They shall create a wise predictable environment to protect Kaesong Industrial Business Enterprises themselves without resort to Korea government. Of course there are many things left behind to consider I hope it will be helpful to those who prepare South-North economic cooperation especially in Kaesong Industrial Complex.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.34
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• pp.135-156
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• 2007

Trade Portal Site(TPS) is one of the essential tools which can make it possible for small and medium enterprises(SMEs) to perform international trade activity more efficiently using newest information and communication technology including the Internet. Therefore, Korean SMEs need to utilize TPS more actively to enhance their export competitiveness. In this context, this article analyzes the determinants of export performances of Korean SMEs in utilizing the service of TPS based on the Service Quality Model. As a result of an empirical research by using regressive analysis, various measures of service reliability such as reliability, empathy, and tangibilities have positive effects on SMEs export performance in utilizing TPS. These results provides many useful implications to the TPS managers, e-trade related government agency, along with managers of SMEs using TPS.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.177-197
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• 2023

The rent seeking behavior of monopolistic online platform enterprises against digital contents suppliers is similar to the importing countries transfers the monopoly profit acquired by exporting companies in the imperfectly competitive market through optimal tariffs. If such an optimal tariffs imposing mechanism of importing countries, according to so-called strategic trade policy theories, is applied to the rent-seeking behavior of online platform companies, important insights can be obtained in discussions on regulatory reform. In other words, if an online platform enterprises impose a differentiated fee on each contents-suppliers in a monopolistically competitive markets that pursues contents differentiation through R&D investment, it would reduce the innovation investment by contents suppliers. Nevertheless, profit-maximizing online platform enterprises would not voluntarily give up the discriminatory fee system. Therefore, we would like to propose the introduction of a regulation that can force the introduction of an non-discriminatory fee system for all the contents suppliers.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.147-161
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• 2016

Based on the samples of the Chinese listed companies, this paper studies the influence of political connection on enterprises M&A. We show that the political networks of the listed corporations in China considerably affect their M&A activities. More and greater M&A appear on the companies with political connection. The government mostly influences the political connections on the enterprises M&A. Moreover, we try to find out how much political connection affect the results of the enterprises M&A. Our study can contribute to a new aspect of the political connection in literature, as well as its fiscal consequences in China.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.233-252
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• 2017

The fast changes of global financial environment in recent years increase the risk of trade settlement. This means are required to minimize risk of non payment and to maximize secure payment. Open Account trade accounts for 90% of global trade flows. The O/A system means that the goods, along with all the necessary documents, are shipped and delivered before payment is due, usually within a time frame from 30 to 90 days. Meanwhile, Korean small and medium-sized export enterprises are compelled to globalize their activities owing to limitation and competitiveness of domestic marketplace. To keep face with the global trade settlement system and to support globalization of small and medium-sized export firms, the BPO together with Supply Chain Finance will be solutions. The introduction of the BPO system will allow banks to broaden O/A offerings to their client base and due to secure safety, sellers could ship the goods without delay according to orders and buyers could settle promptly by payment undertaking of correspondent banks. Therefore, it is more effective for companies which have sustainable customers and stable transaction. This study take a look at the trend of the global payment systems and suggested limitation of existed payment in order to derive improvement measures of electronic payment for small and medium-sized export enterprises.