• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.113-121
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• 2015

Several housing improvement programs for low-income have done by Ministry of Health & Welfare, Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy, Ministry of Security and Public Administration, Ministry of Environment, and Ministry of Land, infrastructure and Transport up to now. Each program practiced separately based on each agency's function and territory, but there are also negative opinion on beneficiary duplication, beneficiary omission, and the inefficient execution of the government budget. This study analyzes the housing improvement programs of each agency on the aspects of coordination, and suggests the integration system with coordination and delivery system. We selected 3 indexes such as similarity, integration effect and availability for integration system and analyzed the effects of integrated programs into one based on cost, repair effect and management. We proposed that the similar housing improvement programs of each agency should be coordinated for integration. But it is not easy to integrate similar programs into one program, therefore similar programs which support the house owner are needed to integrate into housing benefit except same beneficiary who owned own house.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2011년 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.236-239
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• 2011

This paper introduces the design concepts and characteristics of WinDS3000$^{TM}$(TC IIa) which is a trade name of Doosan's 3MW offshore/onshore wind turbine. WinDS3000$^{TM}$(TC IIa) has been designed in consideration of high Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Serviceability (RAMS) and low cost of electricity (CDE) for the TC IIa condition based on GL guideline. An integrated drive-train design with an innovative three-stage gearbox has been introduced to minimize nacelle weight of the wind turbine and to enhance a high reliability for transmission. A permanent magnet generator with full converter system has been introduced to get higher efficiency in partial load operation and grid-friendly system for both 50 Hz and 60 Hz. A pitch-regulated variable speed control system has been introduced to control wind turbine power while generator reaction torque can be adjusted almost instantaneously by the associated power electronics. The wind turbine has been also equipped with condition monitoring and diagnostic systems in order to meet maintainability requirements.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권9호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2020

This research investigates the consequences of the increase in corporate use of short-term debt in China over the past decades. Using a sample of Chinese firms from 2007 to 2018, we empirically explore the effect of corporate use of short-term debt for long-term investment (SFLI) on audit pricing. We first examine the relationship between SFLI and audit pricing for different groups of firms. Then, we investigate the role of the increase in short-term debt in alleviating principal-agent conflicts and reducing agency costs. We have four primary empirical findings. First, auditors tend to charge SFLI clients higher fees. Second, the negative relationship between SFLI and audit fee is found in private firms, firms audited by Chinese domestic auditors, and firms with higher information asymmetry. Third, the time auditors spent on SFLI clients is significantly more than that spent on non-SFLI clients, suggesting that the decrease in audit fee is not due to the decrease in cost. Fourth, SFLI significantly reduces the agency costs of the firm, which auditors regard as a low risk signal and grant an audit fee discount. Our findings suggest that the decrease in debt maturity, not only influences managerial behaviors, but also influences auditors' risk assessment and pricing decisions.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.283-304
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• 2008

According to globalization and localization of world economics international trade payment method was also changed. A traditional payment was Letter of Credit basis, however it is being increased to various methods such as remittance, documentary collection(D/P, D/A) and open account. In order to acquire a secure export payment, exporters prefer to L/C basis which is guaranteed by a reliable bank. However, the L/C should bear a security so that importers would rather documentary collection than L/C. The reasons for the preference of collection payment rather than L/C are a low commission cost, the conversion of buyer's market from seller's market due to severe competition in the world market, transaction increase between main office and branches and a right to control the goods until executing the payment by exporters. Besides of them, collection payment can handle safer and faster than open account basis. However, the collection payment has a risk which it isn't guaranteed by bank for the payment so that I would suggest countermeasures to minimize the payment risk utilizing the collection basis as follows; using export credit insurance system, a large domestic credit report provider such as D&B for absolutely fresh and new information, a collection proxy service for overseas deferred credit and suggestion specifying to order B/L not straight one on consignee in order to transfer the right of ownership with endorsement without problem.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.560-566
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• 2003

최근까지 초고집적 FPGA 혹은 재구성가능 프로세서 등을 이용한 RC(재구성 컴퓨팅) 기술에 대한 많은 연구가 진행되어 왔으며, 최근 들어서는 이와 같은 RC 기술을 응용분야에 실제 적용한 성공적인 상용화 사례들이 보고되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 FPGA의 동적 재구성 기능과 RC 기법을 이용하여 DES 암호화 시스템을 적은 용량의 FPGA에 구현하기 위한 설계와 구현된 DES 암호화 시스템의 시스템수준 검증 기법을 제안한다. 이를 통하여 동적 재구성 기반의 접근법이 가지는 유용성을 평가할 수 있었는데, 그것은 FPGA의 동적 재구성을 통하여 임의의 알고리즘의 RC 기법에 의한 하드웨어 구현에 있어서 성능과 가격간의 타협이 매우 효과적으로 이루어 질 수 있다는 것이다.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.310-316
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 동영상 부호화 시 움직임 벡터의 고속 추정을 가능하게 하기 위한 적응 탐색 영역 결정 방식에 대해 제안한다. 시간적 과잉정보를 제거함으로써 압축 효율을 개선하고자 하는 움직임 벡터 추정을 위한 블록 매칭 방식 (BMA: Block Matching Algorithm)은 움직임 벡터의 정확성 및 계산량 측면에서 상호 교환적인 특성을 갖고 있다. 고속 움직임 추정을 위한 전처리 과정인 제안 방식은 인접 블록 움직임 벡터의 국부 통계 특성을 이용하여 움직임 탐색 영역을 적응적으로 결정한다. 실험 결과를 통해 제안된 방식이 압축 효율의 손상 없이 상당한 계산량이 줄었음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

The exposure of food to ionizing radiation has been recognized as a safe and effective mode of food preservation in more than 55 countries. The benefits include eradication of insect pests, inactivation of food pathogens, extension of shelf-life, and improvement in food hygiene. Regulatory authorities around the world have emphasized the implementation of various national and international regulations to facilitate trade and development of consumers' confidence in purchasing irradiated foods. Therefore, the need for reliable irradiation detection methods has increased to enforce these regulations. At present, a number of promising analytical approaches have been developed and evaluated. Moreover, about 10 European Standards have been adopted as General CODEX Alimentarius methods for the detection of irradiated foodstuffs. However, most of these methods demand relatively expensive equipment and prolonged sample preparation. Therefore, simple and cost-effective approaches would be advantageous for rapid screening of foodstuffs. The suspected samples need to be analyzed further with more validated techniques to confirm the screening results. In this review, existing screening methods (i.e. physical, chemical, and biological) for the identification of irradiated foods have been outlined along with their principles, scopes and limitations.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.119-120
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• 2006

Prioritizing the design specifications among many alternatives is necessary at the stage of concept design. Design specifications have trade-offs between cost and performance, and the relationships among them, in the standpoint of various functional requirements, are complex. AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) method is one of the most popular ways of solving the priority setting problem. However, it is impossible to monitor the interim findings in the middle of the process, it is hard to predict the difference when changing pairwise comparison conditions, and the operation done by one person makes it hard to share the process simultaneously. This paper shows a new method of priority setting in this kind of decision making problem. This method is designed to support the realtime priority setting among many design specifications with regards to many functional requirements. A new algorithm and visualization methods are introduced, and the usability is verified in an exemplary concept design stage.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.511-511
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• 2009

Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant organic material on earth and also promising raw material for bioenergy production. Agricultural residues in the process of bio-oil extraction, is an abundant and low-cost lignocellulosic material. The technology for conversion of lignocellulosic biomass resources to fuels and chemicals, such as ethanol, has been under development for decades. One of the well-studied technologies that are currently being commercialized is to use a dilute acid-catalyzed pretreatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation to produce ethanol. In this work, the dilute-acid hydrolysis of agricultural residues was optimized through the utilization of statistical experimental design. Evaluation criteria for optimization of the pretreatment conditions were based on high xylose recovery and low inhibitor contents in the hydrolyzates. The purpose of this study was to gain a more accurate understanding of the quantities of acid required for effective hydrolysis and the reactivity trade-offs with reaction time and temperature that will enable overall process optimization.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.95-107
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• 2001

This paper is devoted to the parameter optimization of unmanned aerial vehicle's (UAV) flight control laws. Optimization procedure is based on the ideas of mixed $H_2/H_{\infty}$ control of multi-model plants. By using this approach, some partial $H_2$-terms defining the performance of nominal and parametrically perturbed Flight Control System (FCS) responses to deterministic command signals in stochastic atmosphere as well as $H_{\infty}$-terms defining robustness of the FCS can be incorporated in the composite cost function. Special penalty function imposed on the location of closed-loop system's poles keeps the speed of response and oscillatory properties for both nominal and perturbed FCS in reasonable limits. That is the reason why this procedure may provide reasonable trade-off between the performance and robustness of FCS that are very important especially for UAV. Its practical importance is illustrated by case studies of lateral and longitudinal control of small UAV.