• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.373-385
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• 2022

Due to the lack of information, medical tourists are regarded to be at high risk. Prior medical tourism research has found that various types of perceived risks have a significant impact on medical tourists' purchase behavior. Even though medical tourism is predicted to increase, there is a lack of behavioral research to explain how perceived risks affect medical tourists' purchase behavior. In the context of Korean medical tourism, this study attempts to evaluate the effects of multi-level (macro, organizational, and personal) factors on medical tourists' perceived risks and purchase intentions. A conceptual model and hypotheses were built and empirically validated to investigate links between multi-level characteristics, perceived risks, and purchasing intentions. The data for this study was collected from Chinese tourists using a questionnaire. The impact of cognitive country image, affective country image, and medical service quality on fundamental risk is confirmed by statistical testing. Surprisingly, expectancy discrepancy risk is influenced only by cognitive country image and information search capabilities. Both fundamental and expectation discrepancy risks lower medical tourists' purchase intentions. The findings of this study show that a multi-level strategy is required to investigate the links between perceived risks and medical tourism purchasing intentions based on macro, organizational, and personal factors.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.87-96
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• 2023

ChatGPT, a leader in generative AI, can use natural expressions like humans based on large-scale language models (LLM). The ability to grasp the context of the language and provide more specific answers by algorithms is excellent. It also has high-quality conversation capabilities that have significantly developed from past Chatbot services to the level of human conversation. In addition, it is expected to change the operation method of the tourism industry and improve the service by utilizing ChatGPT, a generative AI in the tourism sector. This study was conducted to explore ChatGPT trends and paradigms in tourism. The results of the study are as follows. First, keywords such as tourism, utilization, creation, technology, service, travel, holding, education, development, news, digital, future, and chatbot were widespread. Second, unlike other keywords, service, education, and Mokpo City data confirmed the results of a high degree of centrality. Third, due to CONCOR analysis, eight keyword clusters highly relevant to ChatGPT in the tourism sector emerged.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.121-145
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• 2012

This research was performed to review the marketing PR(MPR) strategy to build the brand image of Chungnam tourism for the inducement of foreign tourist. Because each local governments are looking for the industries of new growth power from the tourism industry recently, we applied the BI strategy of Chungnam tourism with expended BLC model and GRID model after we analyzed the variety of PR situation and tasks to build the Chungnam tourism's brand image in the competitive domestic and foreign tourism industry. In the result of the study, we set up the limited brand image of Chungnam tourism newly; also we derived a specific action plan. First of all, they need every possible means for Brand Awareness PR, Issue PR, Brand Loyalty PR, etc. depend on brand life cycle with the Chungnam's tourism service products. Secondly, for the each tourism service products, it is requiring to repositioning from present position (B, C, D area) to A area by MPR strategy. Finally, many additional MPR strategies should put in to support for building the brand image for the 'Tourism Chungnam'. The strategic SNS public relations are required with considerations of items that are necessarily need to have the reasons and circumstances for the new foreign tourists, so they can have experiences for the Chungnam Tourism. For the existing foreign tourists, we should keep to build relationship in order to give them trusts and to feel sympathy.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.137-157
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• 2020

The medical tourism industry, a convergence of medical services and tourism, has been getting more and more popularity as a new value-added industry in the 21st century. Accordingly, the number of professional workers within this industry has been increasing, and the role of educational institutions to cultivate well-equipped human resources has also become critical. However, compared to practically activated medical tourism-related education programs, studies investigating the effectiveness of these education programs are relatively rare. Therefore, this study attempts to examine the effect of five dimensions of medical tourism education service quality (i.e., tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy) on learners' education satisfaction and transfer of education training. In addition, the moderating roles of national relations as well as organizational characteristics (i.e., transfer climate and support of supervisors and colleagues) in the relationship between education satisfaction and transfer of education training are further verified. The results of the structural equation model (SEM) using 151 samples from respondents with experience in completing medical tourism education programs reveal that tangibles, reliability, and assurance are found to have a significant impact on education satisfaction, which in turn leads to a high level of transfer of education training. Moreover, it is found that national relations and support of supervisors and colleagues play a moderating role. This study would provide guidelines for improving the efficiency of educational institutions, creating outcomes for learners' affiliated firms (e.g., hospitals), and promoting medical tourism at the national level from the perspective of medical tourism education.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.127-134
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• 2017

Despite its importance to Thailand, museum tourism has not received sufficient attention from researchers and practitioners. Consequently, knowledge of museum tourist responses toward museum service quality is quite limited. Thus, the purpose of this study was to (1) examine the service quality of museums in Thailand and (2) revealed how tourists react positively namely through satisfaction and revisit intentions. This study further explored how the proposed relationships vary between Asian and European tourists. Based on Harrison and Shaw's (2004) museum experience model, facilities, staff services, and exhibition experience were proposed as three important service elements encountered during a service experience. Data were collected from foreign tourists who visited any of the 6 national museums in Bangkok. A total of 260 questionnaires were obtained over a 3-month period, all of which were retained and utilized for the analysis. Results found that exhibition experience and staff services were positively associated with tourist museum visit satisfaction, which in turn acted on revisit intention. In addition, exhibition experience was found to be the most important service element for Asian tourists, while staff services was most important for European tourists. Staff services and exhibition experience both played important roles in the tourist museum experience, while facilities did not have an effect on the evaluation of museum services. In response, museum managers need to implement a segmentation strategy that considers tourists' backgrounds such as region, culture, or nationality.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.788-807
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• 2007

To better publish geographical information on the Web, it is important to capture how Web technologies are changing. For a recent decade, Semantic Web has been developed by incorporating ontologies into the current Web, with an aim to make computers understand rather than simply display. Ontology, an explicit specification of a conceptualization, and the Semantic Web grounded on the ontology, have the potential for effective sharing and appropriate retrieval of geographical information. This paper describes a Semantic Web Service over the mobile Web that can offer pertinent tourism information according to user contexts. To do this, a tourism ontology was formalized in the PARA(Place-Attraction-Resource-Activity) ontology model by organizing tourist places, tourist attractions, tourism resources, and activities. Locational relationships between tourist places were also included in the PARA ontology model to take into account the movements of tourists on a railway network. The XML(Extensible Markup Language) Web Service in the middle tier manages the client-side request for information retrieval and the corresponding server-side response from the data provider. The PARA ontology was integrated into the XML Web Service for the concept-based discovery of tourism information. The applicability of the proposed system was tested through a simulation experiment for Tokyo tourism.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.25-41
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• 2010

F&B(food and beverage) in accommodation industry is a key service that determine the satisfaction of customers in tourism industry. As the importance of the management of quality gets increasingly highlighted in service industry, the innovation in the management of service quality and satisfaction in tourism industry is gaining high attention. In this research, we focused on the improvement and innovation of the management of procurement process for F&B service based on the smart use of information technology. A case and scenario analysis of the improvements in the management of procurement process is performed focusing on a medium-size accommodation business. Future opportunities and potential of further IT-based innovation is discussed.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.181-195
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• 2019

This study aims to investigate the influencing attributes on price fairness in the domain of fast food service context. As the research subject, this research selects McDonald's business because of its market share in the fast food market. Five attributes are examined to account for price fairness. The attributes are advertising attitude, employee service, waiting, convenience, and brand love. This study performed survey to collect the data. The survey participants are university students because they are essential market segment for fast food business. The number of observation is 299 for the data analysis. To analyze the data, this research used various statistical instruments (e.g., frequency analysis, mean and standard computation, exploratory factor analysis, reliability test, correlation matrix, and multiple regression analysis). Regarding the results, this research identified advertising attitude, employee service, and brand love are influential attributes to establish price fairness of university students. This research could inform the marketing director of food service business to understand university students target better.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.168-181
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to establish an effective marketing strategy as the marketing management strategy by inquiring into the effect of service recovery justice on relationship benefit, relationship satisfaction and long-tenn relationship orientation in food service industry with food service customers. This study showed that the service recovery justice has a positive effect on the relationship benefit according to procedural, interactional and distributive justice, and the customer satisfaction is maximized through the relationship benefit, continuing the relationship as long-tenn friendship customers. That means that despite service companies' many efforts, including the establishment of a goal related to service, as their service failures happen frequently by various internal or external factors, active work is needed through the fair relationship benefit as the service recovery strategy to deal with these service failures positively and keep the customer satisfaction and long-tenn relationship orientation.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.291-314
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• 2000

At present, the students majoring in tourism apprach theoretically and practically target human resource development which is blanceded between creativity and specialty. And yet, the initial step of on-the-job tranning has not been worked and the area of tourism and experience in this field are know as a beginning stage. This, this study is focusing on the on-the-job tranning in the area of tourism major in technical college. The issues and alternative solutions are as follows First, many student hope sutible training cost require. Second, An amount of subsidy for trainee is too low, and a trainee is used as substitution for regularem ployee's vacation during summer season and for beginning and end of year during winter season. Third, There is no clear linkage between job training and employment. Forth, many students enter a technical college due to learn professional technique and service, however, many other students go to a technical college as means of transfer to university, Since a tourism bussiness is predicted as a potential industry for the twenty-first century, besides a positive national economy and tourism business, the continuing and active supports and needed as follows First, An active support on tranning provided by tourism companies is required. Second, A continuos driving force and thorough management of job training by technical college and relevant major department are needed. Third, sutible traninging cost would be required. Forth, In order to achive a objectives and practical and effect ive job tranning, students majoring in tourism should enhance a service mind and manner.