• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1153-1158
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• 2011

Roll-to-roll process is an emerging mass production method for printed and flexible electronics such as touch screen panel, RFID tag, thin film solar cell, and flexible display due to its high throughput. High precision in printing and coating is required to apply functional materials onto substrate. For such reason, every part of the roll-to-roll equipment needs to be precisely fabricated and to retain its precision under regular operation. In this article, the precision of cantilever type idler roller and a novel method to mitigate its deflection under web tension loading are discussed and the method is verified using both the numerical and the experimental works. The proposed method improves the structural rigidity of cantilever type roller whose advantages, such as low capital cost and high web path configurability, are maintained.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제41회 하계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.257-257
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• 2011

현재의 평판 디스플레이를 대체할 차세대 정보전달 매체로서 플랙서블 디스플레이가 부각되고 있다. 이러한 플렉서블 디스플레이의 발전과 함께 터치스크린 패널 또한 같은 방향으로 연구 개발이 필요하다. 플렉서블 터치 스크린 패널의 연구에서 가장 큰 문제는 ITO의 휨에 따른 깨짐 현상으로 인한 전기적 특성의 저하이다. 이 논문에서는 현재 터치 스크린 패널로 사용되는 ITO/PET 샘플과 ITO/PET 를 패터닝한 그 위에 PEDOT을 증착한 구조를 전기적, 기계적, 광학적 특성을 비교하였다. 실험진행은 샘플의 면저항 및 투과도, hall measurement 측정을 진행하였고, 추가적으로 샘플의 Bending test를 통해 bending 횟수에 따른 박막의 특성을 분석하였다. 측정 결과, ITO/PET 와 PEDOT/patterned ITO/PET 샘플의 면저항은 400${\Omega}/{\Box}$, 424${\Omega}/{\Box}$로 큰 변화가 없었으며, hall 측정결과 중에서 carrier concentration은 2.8${\times}$1,020/cm-3, 4.492${\times}$1,021/cm-3로 증가 하였다. 투과도를 측정한 결과 97.6%, 96% 정도로 큰 변화는 없었다. 하지만, bending 횟수에 따른 면저항 특성의 변화 측정 결과 PEDOT/patterned ITO/PET 샘플의 면저항 변화가 기존의 ITO/PET 샘플의 면저항 변화와 비교하여 거의 변화가 없어, 기계적 특성에서 우수한 특성을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제44회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.433-433
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• 2013

Graphene, $sp^2$-hybridized 2-Dimension carbon material, has drawn enormous attention due to its desirable performance of excellent properties. Graphene can be applied for many electronic devices such as field-effect transistors (FETs), touch screen, solar cells. Furthermore, indium tin oxide (ITO) is commercially used and sets the standard for transparent electrode. However, ITO has certain limitations, such as increasing cost due to indium scarcity, instability in acid and basic environments, high surface roughness and brittle. Due to those reasons, graphene will be a perfect substitute as a transparent electrode. We report the graphene synthesized by inductive coupled plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (ICP-PECVD) process on Cu substrate. The growth was carried out using low temperature at $400^{\circ}C$ rather than typical chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process at $1,000^{\circ}C$ The low-temperature process has advantage of low cost and also low melting point materials will be available to synthesize graphene as substrate, but the drawback is low quality. To improve the quality, the factor affect the quality of graphene was be investigated by changing the plasma power, the flow rate of precursors, the scenario of precursors. Then, graphene film's quality was investigated with Raman spectroscopy and sheet resistance and optical emission spectroscopy.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.589-595
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• 2011

Objective: This study compares two visual occlusion methods for the evaluation of in-vehicle interfaces. Background: Visual occlusion is a visual demand measuring technique which uses periodic vision/occlusion cycle to simulate a driving(or mobile) environment. It has been widely used for the evaluation of in-vehicle interfaces. There are two major implementation methods for this technique: (1) occlusion using PLATO(portable liquid crystal apparatus for tachistoscopic occlusion) goggles; (2) occlusion using a software application on a touchscreen device. Method: An experiment was conducted to examine the visual demand of an in-vehicle interface prototype using the goggle-based and the touchscreen-based occlusion methods. Address input and radio tuning tasks were evaluated in the experiment. Results: The results showed that, for the radio tuning task, there were no significant differences in total shutter open time and resumability ratio between the two occlusionconditions. However, it took longer for the participants to input addresses with the touchscreen-based occlusion. Conclusion & Application: The results suggest that touchscreen-based method could be used as an alternative to traditional, gogglebased visual occlusion especially in less demanding visual tasks such as radio tuning.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2008년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.9
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• pp.159-159
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• 2008

Indium-tin oxides (ITO) films have been widely used as transparent electrodes for optoelectronic devices such as organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), photovoltaics, touch screen devices, and flat-paneldisplay. In particular, to improve hole injection efficiency in OLEDs, transparent electrodes should have high work-function besides their transparency and low resistivity. Nevertheless, few studies have been made on engineering the work function of ITO for use as an efficient anode. In this study, the effects of a wide range of Nb or Zn doping rate on the changes in work functions of ITO anode were investigated. The Nb or Zn doped ITO films were fabricated on glass substrates using combinatorial sputtering system which yields a linear composition spread of Nb or Zn concentration in ITO films in a controlled manner by co-sputtering two targets of ITO and Nb2O5 or ITO and ZnO. We have also examined the resistivity, transmittance, and other structural properties of the Nb or Zn-doped ITO films. Furthermore, OLEDs employing Nb or Zn-doped ITO anodes were fabricated and the device performances were investigated concerned with the work function changes.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2007년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.5-9
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• 2007

The construction method for Foamed-Concrete has not been important due to following process of construction work. However, according to the code about enhance of energy saving design policy and impact noise, noised isolation has been used in construction site so that the resistance for cracking and capability for insulating of Foamed-Concrete has been required. Therefore, new alternatives are demanded. Optimum mixing design, which can get the improvement of insulation and resistance of crack for Foamed-Concrete adding EVA chip, was derived and also the device, applying to construction site, was invented to equalize quality. This device can measure quantity of all input and placement, and show up the sum of placement and mixing design on a touch screen. This valuable construction method is friendly environment and recycling method because of using EVA chip, by-product of an EVA insole scrap burned or embedded, as a light-weight aggregate.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2003

This study describes a modification of the technique for human error analysis in nuclear power plants (NPPs) which adopts advanced Man-Machine Interface (MMI) features based on computerized working environment, such as LCOs. Flat Panels. Large Wall Board, and computerized procedures. Firstly, the state of the art on human error analysis methods and efforts were briefly reviewed. Human error analysis method applied to NPP design has been THERP and ASEP mainly utilizing Swain's HRA handbook, which has not been facilitated enough to put the varied characteristics of MMI into HRA process. The basic concepts on human errors and the system safety approach were revisited, and adopted the process of FMEA with the new definition of Error Segment (ESJ. A modified human error analysis process was suggested. Then, the suggested method was applied to the failure of manual pump actuation through LCD touch screen in loss of feed water event in order to verify the applicability of the proposed method in practices. The example showed that the method become more facilitated to consider the concerns of the introduction of advanced MMI devices, and to integrate human error analysis process not only into HRA/PRA but also into the MMI and interface design. Finally, the possible extensions and further efforts required to obtain the applicability of the suggested method were discussed.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2009년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.15.2-15.2
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• 2009

Manufacturing of printed electronics using printing technology has begun to get into the hot issue in many ways due to the low cost effectiveness to existing semi-conductor process. This technology with both low cost and high productivity, can be applied in the production of organic thin film transistor (OTFT), solar cell, radio frequency identification (RFID) tag, printed battery, E-paper, touch screen panel, black matrix for liquid crystal display (LCD), flexible display, and so forth. The emerging technology to manufacture the products in mass production is roll-to-roll printing technology which is a manufacturing method by printings of multi-layered patterns composed of semi-conductive, dielectric and conductive layers. In contrary to the conventional printing machines in which printing precision is about $50~100{\mu}m$, the printing machines for printed electronics should have a precision under $30{\mu}m$. In general, in order to implement printed electronics, narrow width and gap printing, register of multi-layer printing by several printing units, and printing accuracy of under $30{\mu}m$ are all required. We developed the roll-to-roll printing equipment used for printed electronics, which is composed of un-winder, re-winder, tension measurement system, feeding units, dancer systems, guide unit, printing unit, vision system, dryer units, and various auxiliary devices. The equipment is designed based on cantilever type in which all rollers except printing ones have cantilever types, which could give more accurate machine precision as well as convenience for changing rollers and observing the process.

• 한국정보과학회 언어공학연구회:학술대회논문집(한글 및 한국어 정보처리)
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• 한국정보과학회언어공학연구회 2015년도 제27회 한글 및 한국어 정보처리 학술대회
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• pp.169-173
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• 2015

현재 스마트폰이나 태블릿PC 등의 터치화면 상에서 사용되는 한글 입력 방식은 qwerty, 나랏글, 천지인 등 시각 정보를 기반으로 만들어진 가상 키보드들이 사용되고 있다. 이는 시각에 문제가 없는 일반인 사용자에게는 효율적인 방식이지만 시각 장애인(시력장애, 시야 결손장애)들에게는 불편한 점이 있다. 이 문제를 개선하기 위하여 터치화면 상에서 손동작을 기반으로 한 한글 입력 방식을 제안한다. 이 방식은 사용자가 직접 기준 위치를 정하여 사용하므로 시각 정보가 제한된 상황에서도 입력할 수 있다. 또한, 이 방식은 사용자가 쉽게 배울 수 있도록 설계되었다. 모음 입력은 사용자가 쉽게 연상 되는 동작에 할당하였고, 자음 입력은 빈도수를 고려하여 자주 사용되는 자음은 편하게 움직일 수 있는 검지와 중지의 움직임에 주로 할당하였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.852-857
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• 2011

조선업종은 숙련공의 감소와 노동력 부족을 해결하기 위해 자동화와 기계화가 필요하다. 특히 조선용 핸드레일 제조공정은 표준화된 타 분야와 달리 자동화가 낙후되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 조선용 핸드레일 제작에 사용할 수 있는 철의장 가공자동화시스템을 설계하고 개발하였다. 시스템의 기구부는 절단공정의 효율성, 생산성, 안정성 등을 고려하여 설계하였고, CATIA 와 ANSYS를 사용하여 구조물의 안정성을 확인하였다. 시스템 제어부는 개방성과 확장성을 제공하는 PCNC 콘트롤러를 사용하였고, 터치스크린 방식의 화면 조작을 통해 시스템의 제어 및 모니터링을 할 수 있도록 구축하였다. 개발된 철의장 가공자동화시스템은 수차의 구동테스트 및 가공테스트를 통해 성능의 우수성을 입증하여 실용단계에 있다.